Farmland practices are driving bird population decline across Europe

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(21)

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

Declines in European bird populations are reported for decades but the direct effect of major anthropogenic pressures on such declines remains unquantified. Causal relationships between and population responses difficult to identify as interact at different spatial scales vary among species. Here, we uncover time-series 170 common species, monitored more than 20,000 sites 28 countries, over 37 y, four widespread pressures: agricultural intensification, change forest cover, urbanisation temperature last decades. We quantify influence each pressure its importance relative other pressures, traits most affected find that particular pesticides fertiliser use, is main declines, especially invertebrate feeders. Responses changes species-specific. Specifically, cover associated with a positive growing negative dynamics, while has an dynamics large number populations, magnitude direction which depend species' thermal preferences. Our results not only confirm pervasive strong effects breeding birds, strength these stressing urgent need transformative way inhabiting world if shall have chance recovering.

Язык: Английский

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Economic factors underlying biodiversity loss

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1881)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

Contemporary economic thinking does not acknowledge that the human economy is embedded in Nature; it instead treats humanity as a customer draws on Nature. In this paper, we present grammar for reasoning built error. The based comparison between our demand Nature's maintenance and regulating services her ability to supply them sustainable basis. then used show measuring well-being, national statistical offices should estimate an inclusive measure of their economies' wealth its distribution, GDP distribution. concept 'inclusive wealth' identify policy instruments ought be manage such global public goods open seas tropical rainforests. Trade liberalization without heed paid fate local ecosystems from which primary products are drawn exported by developing countries leads transfer there rich importing countries. Humanity's embeddedness Nature has far-reaching implications way view activities-in households, communities, nations world. This article part theme issue 'Detecting attributing causes biodiversity change: needs, gaps solutions'.

Язык: Английский

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Global monitoring for biodiversity: Uncertainty, risk, and power analyses to support trend change detection

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(7)

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Global targets aim to reverse biodiversity declines by 2050 but require knowledge of current trends and future projections under policy intervention. First, given uncertainty in measurement trends, we propose a risk framework, considering probability magnitude decline. While only 11 198 systems analyzed (taxonomic groups country from the Living Planet Database) showed declining abundance with high certainty, 20% had 70% chance strong declines. Society needs decide acceptable risks loss. Second, calculated statistical power detect trend change using ~12,000 populations 62 currently showing Current hinders our ability assess improvements. Trend is detectable certainty 14 systems, even if thousands are sampled, conservation action reduces net zero immediately, on average. We provide potential solutions improve monitoring progress toward targets.

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity loss and inter-provincial cooperative protection in China based on input-output model

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 450, С. 141830 - 141830

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Remote sensing reveals scale‐specific effects of forage crop mowing and landscape structure on a declining farmland bird

Journal of Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract The effectiveness of agri‐environment schemes (AESs), the largest conservation‐related expenditure for farmland biodiversity conservation within European Union, is often compromised by a limited spatial scale implementation. We focused on multiannual forage crops, surrogate habitat grassland birds, to assess scale‐dependent effects mowing timing and frequency local population size an iconic species, skylark ( Alauda arvensis ). While there much evidence negative impact in‐field activities whether such occur also at broader scales largely unknown. surveyed breeding skylarks in Po Plain (northern Italy) determine (1) association between landscape composition/configuration abundance (2) how affected crop frequency. addressed both questions through optimisation, identifying most influential each covariate. Forage was assessed novel remote sensing algorithm based high‐resolution Sentinel‐2 satellite images. observed strong dependence importance different habitats determining abundance. Abundance increased with increasing cover crops locally (200 m) winter (2600 m), suggesting that species favoured heterogeneous agroecosystems. Locally (150–350 were more abundant when aggregated, being negatively impacted fragmentation caused urbanization seminatural habitats. At (1150 consistent across years, early‐mown areas supporting fewer skylarks. This probably because, over longer temporal scales, patches have or null productivity, eventually limiting size. Synthesis applications . provide new perspective overarching influence driving declining bird urgency designing scale‐effective AESs. should be framed EU Common Agricultural Policy reform operated farmer collectives, whereby management interventions monitored state‐of‐the‐art techniques. These results suggest implementing scale‐optimized AESs could crucial effective conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1881)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

This issue addresses the multifaceted problems of understanding biodiversity change to meet emerging international development and conservation goals, national economic accounting diverse community needs. Recent agreements highlight need establish monitoring assessment programmes at regional levels. We identify an opportunity for research develop methods robust detection attribution that will contribute assessments guide action. The 16 contributions this address six major aspects assessment: connecting policy science, establishing observation, improving statistical estimation, detecting change, attributing causes projecting future. These studies are led by experts in Indigenous studies, economics, ecology, conservation, statistics, computer with representations from Asia, Africa, South America, North America Europe. results place science context needs provide updated roadmap how observe a way supports action via science. article is part theme ‘Detecting change: needs, gaps solutions’

Язык: Английский

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Monitoring the fabric of nature: using allometric trophic network models and observations to assess policy effects on biodiversity

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1881)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

Species diversity underpins all ecosystem services that support life. Despite this recognition and the great advances in detecting biodiversity, exactly how many which species co-occur interact, directly or indirectly any is unknown. Biodiversity accounts are incomplete; taxonomically, size, habitat, mobility rarity biased. In ocean, provisioning of fish, invertebrates algae a fundamental service. This extracted biomass depends on myriad microscopic macroscopic organisms make up fabric nature affected by management actions. Monitoring them attributing changes to policies daunting. Here we propose dynamic quantitative models interactions can be used link policy compliance with complex ecological networks. allows managers qualitatively identify 'interaction-indicator' species, highly impacted through propagation interactions. We ground approach intertidal kelp harvesting Chile fishers' policies. Results allow us sets respond and/or compliance, but often not included standardized monitoring. The proposed aids design biodiversity programmes attempt connect change. article part theme issue 'Detecting causes change: needs, gaps solutions'.

Язык: Английский

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First report on q-RASTR modelling of hazardous dose (HD ₅ ) for acute toxicity of pesticides: an efficient and reliable approach towards safeguarding the sensitive avian species

SAR and QSAR in environmental research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 17

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025

Pesticides are crucial in modern agriculture, significantly enhancing crop productivity by managing pests. It is important to evaluate their toxicity minimize health risks bird species and preserve ecosystem balance. Traditional parameters including lethal concentration (LC50) or median dose (LD50) often underestimate hazards due limited data uncertainty about the most sensitive tested. This limitation can be addressed using extrapolation factors like HD5 accounting for 50% mortality of 5% species. In this research, a QSTR model was developed utilizing diverse set 480 pesticides partial least squares (PLS) regression with 2D descriptors. Additionally, PLS-based quantitative read-across structure-toxicity relationship (q-RASTR) classification based models were constructed. The q-RASTR outperformed traditional approaches, achieving robust statistical performance internal validation metrics r2 = 0.623, Q2 0.569 external Q2F1 0.541, Q2F2 0.540. Key influencing avian identified. used screen Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB) recognize toxic species, aligning well real-world data. work provides more economical ethical alternative conventional vivo testing methods, aiding regulatory bodies industries developing safer, environmentally friendly pesticides.

Язык: Английский

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Expanding protected area coverage for migratory birds could improve long-term population trends

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Abstract Populations of many migratory taxa have been declining over recent decades. Although protected areas are a cornerstone for conservation, their role in protecting species can be incomplete due to the dynamic distributions these species. Here, we use pan-European citizen science bird occurrence dataset (EurobirdPortal) with Spatiotemporal Exploratory Modelling assess how weekly 30 passerine and near overlap Europe compare this range adjusted policy protection targets. Thirteen our were inadequately covered by some, or all, European part annual cycle under target based on 2020 Convention Biodiversity framework none adequately 2030 framework. Species associated farmland had lowest percentage distribution protected. The species’ within was positively correlated its long-term population trend, even after accounting confounding factors, suggesting positive influence trends. This emphasises contribution that an informed expansion area system could play future conservation land birds.

Язык: Английский

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Chronic exposure to tebuconazole impairs offspring growth and survival in farmland birds: an experiment in captive house sparrows.

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 121321 - 121321

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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