The Probiotics in Pediatric Asthma Management (PROPAM) Study in the Primary Care Setting: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Trial with Ligilactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) and Bifidobacterium breve B632 (DSM 24706) DOI Creative Commons
Lorenzo Drago, Luigi Cioffi,

Maria Giuliano

и другие.

Journal of Immunology Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 7

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2022

Background. Type-2 inflammation commonly marks asthma in childhood. Also, gut and lung dysbiosis is detectable patients with asthma. Strain-related probiotic supplementation may restore a physiological immune response, dampen airway inflammation, repair dysbiosis. Therefore, the probiotics pediatric management (PROPAM) study aimed at demonstrating that Ligilactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) Bifidobacterium breve B632 24706) mixture could reduce exacerbations children, followed primary care setting. Methods. The was randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind. It involved 11 Italian pediatricians. (containing 1×109 live cells id="M2">1×109 cells) or placebo taken twice daily (1 sachet morning 1 evening) for eight weeks subsequently once further weeks. Outcomes included number, severity, duration of exacerbations, intensity maintenance as need treatments, safety. Results. per-protocol population 422 children (mean age seven years, 240 males 182 females). significantly reduced number asthmatic ( id="M3">OR=3.17 ). In addition, two less than third active group id="M4">OR=3.65 Conclusions. This PROPAM demonstrated strains were safe by more frequency exacerbations. At present, first-line treatment still drug-based, but specific be auxiliary remedies.

Язык: Английский

Pathways linking biodiversity to human health: A conceptual framework DOI Creative Commons
Melissa R. Marselle, Terry Hartig, Daniel T. C. Cox

и другие.

Environment International, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 150, С. 106420 - 106420

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2021

Biodiversity is a cornerstone of human health and well-being. However, while evidence the contributions nature to rapidly building, research into how biodiversity relates remains limited in important respects. In particular, better mechanistic understanding range pathways through which can influence needed. These relate both psychological social processes as well biophysical processes. Building on from across natural, sciences, we present conceptual framework organizing linking health. Four domains pathways—both beneficial harmful—link with health: (i) reducing harm (e.g. provision medicines, decreasing exposure air noise pollution); (ii) restoring capacities attention restoration, stress reduction); (iii) building promoting physical activity, transcendent experiences); (iv) causing dangerous wildlife, zoonotic diseases, allergens). We discuss test components biodiversity-health available analytical approaches existing datasets. world accelerating declines biodiversity, profound land-use change, an increase non-communicable diseases globally, greater these reinforce conservation strategy for promotion people nature. conclude by identifying avenues recommendations policy practice foster biodiversity-focused public actions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

375

All disease begins in the (leaky) gut: role of zonulin-mediated gut permeability in the pathogenesis of some chronic inflammatory diseases DOI Creative Commons
Alessio Fasano

F1000Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9, С. 69 - 69

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020

Improved hygiene leading to reduced exposure microorganisms has been implicated as one possible cause for the recent “epidemic” of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) in industrialized countries. That is essence hypothesis that argues rising incidence CIDs may be, at least part, result lifestyle and environmental changes have made us too “clean” our own good, so causing microbiota. Apart from genetic makeup triggers, inappropriate increase intestinal permeability (which be influenced by composition gut microbiota), a “hyper-belligerent” immune system responsible tolerance–immune response balance, microbiome its epigenetic influence on host genomic expression identified three additional elements CIDs. During past decade, growing number publications focused human genetics, microbiome, proteomics, suggesting loss mucosal barrier function, particularly gastrointestinal tract, substantially affect antigen trafficking, ultimately influencing close bidirectional interaction between system. This cross-talk highly influential shaping function shifting predisposition clinical outcome. observation led re-visitation causes epidemics, key pathogenic role permeability. Pre-clinical studies shown zonulin family, group proteins modulating permeability, variety CIDs, including autoimmune, infective, metabolic, tumoral diseases. These data offer novel therapeutic targets which pathway their pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

362

Environmental factors in epithelial barrier dysfunction DOI Open Access
Zeynep Çelebi Sözener, Lacin Cevhertas, Kari C. Nadeau

и другие.

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 145(6), С. 1517 - 1528

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2020

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

278

Biodiversity intervention enhances immune regulation and health-associated commensal microbiota among daycare children DOI Creative Commons
Marja I. Roslund, Riikka Puhakka, Mira Grönroos

и другие.

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 6(42)

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2020

As the incidence of immune-mediated diseases has increased rapidly in developed societies, there is an unmet need for novel prophylactic practices to fight against these maladies. This study first human intervention trial which urban environmental biodiversity was manipulated examine its effects on commensal microbiome and immunoregulation children. We analyzed changes skin gut microbiota blood immune markers children during a 28-day intervention. Children standard nature-oriented daycare centers were comparison. The diversified both Gammaproteobacterial communities, which, turn, associated with increases plasma TGF-β1 levels proportion regulatory T cells. IL-10:IL-17A ratio among trial. Our findings suggest that enhances immunoregulatory pathways provide incentive future approaches reduce risk societies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

278

Epithelial barrier hypothesis: Effect of the external exposome on the microbiome and epithelial barriers in allergic disease DOI Creative Commons
Zeynep Çelebi Sözener, Betül Özdel Öztürk, Pamir Çerçi

и другие.

Allergy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(5), С. 1418 - 1449

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2022

Environmental exposure plays a major role in the development of allergic diseases. The exposome can be classified into internal (e.g., aging, hormones, and metabolic processes), specific external chemical pollutants or lifestyle factors), general broader socioeconomic psychological contexts) domains, all which are interrelated. All factors we exposed to, from moment conception to death, part exposome. Several hundreds thousands new chemicals have been introduced modern life without our having full understanding their toxic health effects ways mitigate these effects. Climate change, air pollution, microplastics, tobacco smoke, changes loss biodiversity, alterations dietary habits, microbiome due modernization, urbanization, globalization constitute surrounding environment Some disrupt epithelial barriers skin mucosal surfaces, disruptions linked last few decades increasing prevalence severity inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, asthma. barrier hypothesis provides mechanistic explanation how explain rapid increase autoimmune In this review, discuss affecting planet's context 'epithelial hypothesis,' including climate emphasize on addition, roles increased fatty acid consumption environmental substances (detergents, airborne pollen, ozone, nanoparticles, tobacco) discussed. Considering emerging data recent studies, suggest stringent governmental regulations, global policy adjustments, patient education, establishment individualized control measures threats decrease disease.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

272

Soil and Human Health: Current Status and Future Needs DOI Creative Commons
Eric C. Brevik, Lindsey C. Slaughter, Bal Ram Singh

и другие.

Air Soil and Water Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

Soil influences human health in a variety of ways, with being linked to the soil. Historically, emphasis has been placed on negative impacts that soils have health, including exposures toxins and pathogenic organisms or problems created by growing crops nutrient-deficient soils. However, there are number positive ways enhance from food production nutrient supply medications enhancement immune system. It is increasingly recognized soil an ecosystem myriad interconnected parts, each influencing other, when all necessary parts present functioning (ie, healthy), also benefits. Despite advances made, still many areas need additional investigation. We do not good understanding how chemical mixtures environment influence rule, exception. sparse information most chemicals react within chemically biologically active ecosystem, what those reactions mean for health. There better integrate ecology agronomic crop food/nutrition science, genetics bacterial fungal sequencing capabilities, metagenomics, subsequent analysis interpretation. While considerable work focused microbiology, macroorganisms received much less attention regarding links attention. Finally, pressing effectively communicate connections our broader society, as people cannot act they have. Multidisciplinary teams researchers, scientists, social others, will be essential move these issues forward.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

241

Early life microbial exposures and allergy risks: opportunities for prevention DOI
Harald Renz, Chrysanthi Skevaki

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(3), С. 177 - 191

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2020

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

213

Role of viruses in asthma DOI Creative Commons
Tuomas Jartti, Klaus Bønnelykke, Varpu Elenius

и другие.

Seminars in Immunopathology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 42(1), С. 61 - 74

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2020

Respiratory viral infections are the most important triggers of asthma exacerbations. Rhinovirus (RV), common cold virus, is clearly prevalent pathogen constantly circulating in community. This virus also stands out from other factors due to its large diversity (about 170 genotypes), very effective replication, a tendency create Th2-biased inflammatory environment and association with specific risk genes people predisposed development (CDHR3). Decreased interferon responses, disrupted airway epithelial barrier, environmental exposures (including biased microbiome), nutritional deficiencies (low vitamin D fish oil) increase RV infections. It intensively debated whether illnesses actually cause asthma. syncytial (RSV) leading causative agent bronchiolitis, whereas starts dominate after 1 year age. Breathing difficulty induced by either these viruses associated later asthma, but higher for those who suffer severe RV-induced wheezing. The has unique mechanisms, general, factor atopic RSV more likely non-atopic Treatments that inhibit inflammation (corticosteroids, omalizumab) effectively decrease wheezing anti-RSV monoclonal antibody, palivizumab, decreases illness subsequent recurrent wheeze. A better understanding personal mechanisms crucial developing new strategies prevention treatment

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

170

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of allergic asthma DOI Creative Commons
Zsolt István Komlósi, Willem van de Veen, Nóra Kovács

и другие.

Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 85, С. 100995 - 100995

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2021

Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, which affects more than 350 million people worldwide. It most common in children, affecting at least 30 children and young adults Europe. complex, partially heritable with marked heterogeneity. Its development influenced both by genetic environmental factors. The common, as well characterized subtype asthma allergic eosinophilic asthma, type 2 airway inflammation. prevalence has substantially increased industrialized countries during last 60 years. mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are incompletely understood, however exposure to various pollutants probably plays role. Disease inception thought be enabled disadvantageous shift balance between protective harmful lifestyle factors, including commensal microbes versus infection pathogens, collectively leading epithelial cell damage disrupted barrier integrity. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines one main drivers immune response against innocuous allergens, ultimately infiltration lung tissue T helper (TH2) cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), M2 macrophages eosinophils. This review outlines responsible for orchestration inflammation summarizes novel findings, but not limited dysregulated integrity, alarmin release stimulation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

149

Climate change and global health: A call to more research and more action DOI
Ioana Agache, Vanitha Sampath, Juan Aguilera

и другие.

Allergy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(5), С. 1389 - 1407

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2022

There is increasing understanding, globally, that climate change and increased pollution will have a profound mostly harmful effect on human health. This review brings together international experts to describe both the direct (such as heat waves) indirect vector-borne disease incidence) health impacts of change. These vary depending vulnerability (i.e., existing diseases) international, economic, political, environmental context. unique also expands these issues address third category potential longer-term global health: famine, population dislocation, justice education. scholarly resource explores fully, linking them in urban rural settings developed developing countries. The finishes with practical discussion action professionals around world our field can yet take.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

110