What makes us social and what does it tell us about mental disorders?

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(1), С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Therapeutics to Alleviate Cognitive Decline and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(10), С. 5169 - 5169

Опубликована: Май 9, 2024

Dementia exists as a 'progressive clinical syndrome of deteriorating mental function significant enough to interfere with activities daily living', the most prevalent type dementia being Alzheimer's disease (AD), accounting for about 80% diagnosed cases. AD is associated an increased risk comorbidity other conditions such hypertension, diabetes, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) including, agitation, anxiety, depression well mortality in late life. For example, up 70% patients are affected by anxiety. As aging major factor AD, this represents huge global burden ageing populations. Over last 10 years, efforts have been made recognize complexity understand aetiology pathophysiology biomarkers early detection. Yet, earlier treatment options, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors glutamate receptor regulators, limited they work targeting symptoms, only more recent FDA-approved drugs designed target amyloid-β protein aim slowing down progression disease. However, these may help temporarily, cannot stop or reverse disease, do not act reducing NPS AD. The first-line options management selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/selective noradrenaline (SSRIs/SNRIs) monoaminergic system; however, rational drug choices anxiety disorders since GABAergic system has prominent role their development. Considering overall failures side effects currently available medication, there unmet need rationally therapies In review, we summarize current status therapy highlight novel angles future our ongoing alleviate cognitive deficits devastating

Язык: Английский

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Challenges in Managing Depression in Clinical Practice: Result of a Global Survey

Pharmacoepidemiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4(1), С. 5 - 5

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Background/Objectives: Despite an improved knowledgebase, effective intervention, and guidelines, many patients with depression do not receive adequate treatment discontinuation non-response are common. It was intended to explore the challenges clinicians face while managing in their clinical practice suggestions for solutions. Methods: online survey of 137 psychiatrists 18 countries including both high low economies, using a pre-designed questionnaire; quantitative qualitative measures. Results: Antidepressant prescribing appeared close evidence-based guidelines. There frequent use other medications alongside antidepressants since initiation. were depression, such as non-response, resistance, discontinuation; side effects, mostly sexual problems; inadequate psychological intervention; availability affordability modalities; comorbidities, especially substance personality disorders; stigma; lack education training. Suggested approaches solutions included personalized treatment, quicker follow-up, psychoeducation, blending intervention into routine practice, improving continuity care, preventing discontinuation. Support from governments access, making interventions affordable, providing socio-occupational support is essential. Training development professionals, public information, dealing stigma still relevant. Conclusions: The results indicated need reviewing current practices optimizing it available resources, discontinuation, non-response. Making fighting improve acceptability, research addressing gaps interventions, resistance psychotherapy that may management.

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiological outcomes and policy implementation in the Nordic countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

Archives of Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 83(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

During the initial phase of COVID-19 pandemic, there was an intensive debate on which strategies would be most effective to minimize negative societal impact pandemic. This study aimed provide overview key epidemiological outcome measures disease in Nordic countries and subsequent policy implementation that were undertaken curb outbreak. Time trends test-positive infections, hospitalizations, care unit (ICU) admissions due as well mortality excess compared between Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden. The patterns presented relation 13 different policies implemented a degree countries, eight related containment five health systems policy. A stringency index summarized intensity policies. Data collected from Our World Data, Oxford Government Response Tracker Eurostat. investigated time period 1 January 2020 30 April 2022. Overall, Sweden had more deaths, ICU than other during first three waves However, fourth wave, Denmark exceeded all outcomes. overall among varied broadly. lowest average observed Iceland highest Excess over whole while Norway very few admissions. took vastly approaches contain spread but long-term similar. variety responses bring many opportunities for learning across countries.

Язык: Английский

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Unmasking the COVID-19 pandemic prevention gains: excess mortality reversal in 2022

Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 223, С. 193 - 201

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term effectiveness COVID-19 pandemic prevention measures in saving lives after European governments began lift restrictions.Excess mortality interrupted time series.Country-level weekly data on deaths were fitted Poisson mixed linear model estimate excess deaths. Based estimate, percentage above baseline during (week 11 2020 week 15 2022) (when public health interventions place) and post-pandemic period 16 2022 52 calculated. These results regression determine any potential relationship between these two periods.The used had high predictive value (adjusted R2 = 59.4%). Mortality endemic (post-pandemic) alone increased by 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.7, 8.6) baseline, while each increase corresponded a 0.357% reduction CI: 0.243, 0.471) period.The most successful countries terms protective also experienced highest rates restrictions lifted. clearly shows measure bidirectional displacement that is sufficiently clear mask impact long COVID overall mortality. Results from seriously previous cost-benefit analyses measures, since, according current model, 12.2% 8.3, 16.1) gains achieved containment lost

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 pandemic-related depression and anxiety under lockdown: The chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and perceived stress

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

In early March 2022, the highly contagious Omicron variant rapidly emerged in Shanghai. This study aimed to explore prevalence and associated factors of depression anxiety isolated or quarantined populations under lockdown. A cross-sectional was conducted between May 12 25, 2022. The depressive symptoms, perceived stress, self-efficacy social support 167 participants were examined using Patient Health Questionnaires-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) Social Support (PSSS). Data on demographic information also collected. estimated be 10.8%, respectively. Higher education level, being healthcare workers, infected, longer duration segregation higher stress level identified as risk for anxiety. Furthermore, relationship (anxiety) mediated not only by but chain stress. Being with levels among formulation psychological strategies that promote one's well reduce is supposed drawn.

Язык: Английский

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Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and first lockdown in Lebanon: Risk factors and daily life difficulties in a multiple-crises setting

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(2), С. e0297670 - e0297670

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Introduction Research from around the world shows important differences in impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on mental health. This study examined extent health challenges (depressive anxiety symptoms daily life difficulties) their associations with pandemic- response-related factors during first lockdown Lebanon, which happened amid a severe economic crisis socio-political turmoil. Methods Data come cross-sectional internet-based survey (May-June 2020). Association depressive (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)) (Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)) outbreak-related worries knowledge, information sources, confidence satisfaction response measures were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic socioeconomic indicators. Results Among 510 participants (mean age 36.1±11.3; 69.4% women), 32.3% had elevated 27.3% symptoms; younger age, unemployment, loss employment, lower income related to more symptoms. Most prevalent feelings uncertainty (74.5%) financial (52.2%) emotional (42.2%) difficulties; these all other difficulties (work-related, caregiving, online learning) significantly higher among Higher associated (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.20,1.53) 1.47, 1.30,1.67). pandemic-related reliance trust local agencies professionals’ information, regarding governmental institutions’ Conclusion show that burden Lebanon (when outbreak was still minimal) is highest reported worldwide highlight tolls widespread life. In this high-burden multiple-challenges context, results suggest an role healthcare body, institutions managing response.

Язык: Английский

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The KIND Challenge community intervention to reduce loneliness and social isolation, improve mental health, and neighbourhood relationships: an international randomized controlled trial

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Abstract Purpose Loneliness and social isolation are risk factors for poor health, but few effective interventions deployable at scale. This study was conducted to determine whether acts of kindness can reduce loneliness isolation, improve mental neighbourhood cohesion. Method Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were in the USA, UK, Australia, involving a total 4284 individuals aged 18–90 years old, KIND challenge intervention or waitlist control group. Participants allocated asked do least one act per week within four-week period. The primary outcome secondary outcomes included measures Results There significant, albeit small, effect after four weeks reduced USA not Australia. Relative controls, participants also showed significantly anxiety stress conflict increased number contacts greater stability feelings importance better relationships Conclusion Promoting provision support through small neighbours has potential loneliness, anxiety, promote relationships, suggesting strategy public health campaigns. Trial registration Clinical Trials Registry. NCT04398472. Registered 21 st May 2020.

Язык: Английский

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Relationship between COVID‐19‐related stress and social inhibition among university students in China: The mediating role of psychological richness

Social and Personality Psychology Compass, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(11)

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2023

Abstract Throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic, mental health issues of university students received increasing attention. However, little is known about effect COVID‐19‐related stress on social inhibition among Chinese and its psychological mechanism in context pandemic. This study aimed to explore relationship between as well mediating role richness. In late 2022, 1250 were recruited for participation an online survey. Modified SARS‐Stress Scale, Social Inhibition Questionnaire, Psychologically Rich Life Questionnaire used assess participants' stress, inhibition, The Results indicate that positively predicts negatively Meanwhile, Psychological richness inhibition. Mediation analysis shows was partially mediated by results significant predictive value when studying issues.

Язык: Английский

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The Abuse and Misuse of Over-the-Counter Medicines During COVID-19

Hospital Pharmacy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 58(5), С. 437 - 440

Опубликована: Март 5, 2023

The abuse and misuse of OTC medicines is a common problem in community pharmacies expected to escalate during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there limited research on patterns, causes, consequences these incidents This article aims provide evidence-based insights into potential impact medicines, suggest strategies for reducing occurrences pharmacy practitioners healthcare managers.

Язык: Английский

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