Treating gaps and biases in biodiversity data as a missing data problem

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024

ABSTRACT Big biodiversity data sets have great potential for monitoring and research because of their large taxonomic, geographic temporal scope. Such become especially important assessing changes in species' populations distributions. Gaps the available data, spatial gaps, often mean that are not representative target population. This hinders drawing large‐scale inferences, such as about trends, may lead to misplaced conservation action. Here, we conceptualise gaps a missing problem, which provides unifying framework challenges solutions across different types sets. We characterise typical classes then use theory explore implications questions trends factors affecting occurrences/abundances. By using this framework, show bias due can arise when sampling and/or availability overlap with those species. But set per se is biased. The outcome depends on ecological question statistical approach, determine choices around sources variation taken into account. argue approaches long‐term species trend modelling susceptible since models do tend account driving missingness. To identify general review empirical studies simulation compare some most frequently employed deal including subsampling, weighting imputation. All these methods reduce but come at cost increased uncertainty parameter estimates. Weighting techniques arguably least used so far ecology both variance Regardless method, ability critically knowledge of, on, creating gaps. outline necessary considerations dealing stages collection analysis workflow.

Язык: Английский

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Patterns in and predictors of stream and river macroinvertebrate genera and fish species richness across the conterminous USA

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 424, С. 19 - 19

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Both native and non-native taxa richness patterns are useful for evaluating areas of greatest conservation concern. To determine those patterns, we analyzed fish macroinvertebrate data obtained at 3475 sites collected by the USEPA's National Rivers Streams Assessment. We also determined which natural anthropogenic variables best explained in regional richness. Macroinvertebrate increased with number sampled per region. Therefore, residual from deviation observed predicted given Regional markedly exceeded average site both macroinvertebrates fish. Predictors macroinvertebrate-genus fish-species residual-regional differed. Air temperature was an important predictor cases but positive negative macroinvertebrates. land use were significant predictors This study is first to mean aquatic across conterminous USA, key drivers Thus, it offers insights into USA biodiversity hotspots.

Язык: Английский

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Sources of confusion in global biodiversity trends

Oikos, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(6)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2024

Populations and ecological communities are changing worldwide, empirical studies exhibit a mixture of either declining or mixed trends. Confusion in global biodiversity trends thus remains, while assessing such changes is major social, political, scientific importance. Part this variability may arise from the difficulty to reliably assess Here, we conducted literature review documenting temporal dynamics biodiversity. We classified differences among approaches, data, methodology used by reviewed papers reveal common findings sources discrepancies. show that reviews meta‐analyses, along with use indicators, more likely conclude declining. On other hand, longer data available, nuanced they generate. Our results also highlight lack providing information on impact synergistic pressures scale, making it even difficult understand driving factors observed how decide conservation plan accordingly. Finally, stress importance taking into account confusion identified, as well complexity changes, order implement effective strategies. In particular, almost systematically assumed be linear, non‐linear largely neglected. Clarifying should strengthen large‐scale monitoring conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Deep learning models map rapid plant species changes from citizen science and remote sensing data

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(37)

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2024

Anthropogenic habitat destruction and climate change are reshaping the geographic distribution of plants worldwide. However, we still unable to map species shifts at high spatial, temporal, taxonomic resolution. Here, develop a deep learning model trained using remote sensing images from California paired with half million citizen science observations that can over 2,000 plant species. Our model-

Язык: Английский

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Ectomycorrhizal fungi are influenced by ecoregion boundaries across Europe

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(6)

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Abstract Aim Ecoregions and the distance decay in community similarity are fundamental concepts biogeography conservation biology that well supported across plants animals, but not fungi. Here we test relevance of these for ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi temperate boreal regions. Location Europe. Time Period 2008–2015. Major Taxa Studied Ectomycorrhizal Methods We used a large dataset ~24,000 ectomycorrhizas, assigned to 1350 operational taxonomic units, collected from 129 forest plots via standardized protocol. investigated ecoregion delimitations ECM through complementary methodological approaches based on models, multivariate analyses indicator species analyses. then evaluated effects host tree climate observed biogeographical distributions. Results predict large‐scale fungal biodiversity patterns. This is partly explained by differences between ecoregions independent distribution. Basidiomycetes orders Russulales Atheliales producing epigeous fruiting bodies, with potentially short‐distance dispersal, show best agreement boundaries. Host distribution abundance (as opposed presence/absence only) important uncover patterns mycorrhizas. Main Conclusions useful units investigate eco‐evolutionary processes mycorrhizal communities decision‐making includes

Язык: Английский

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Five recommendations to fill the blank space in indicators at local and short-term scales

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 302, С. 111007 - 111007

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Widespread and Diverging Patterns of Change in Local Phylogenetic Diversity

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Ecosystems are witnessing drastic changes in biodiversity worldwide. However, it is still unclear whether phylogenetic diversity—a measure of the evolutionary relationships among species—reflect observed species richness. Specifically, we ask local diversity correlate with richness and examine if major taxonomic groups show diverging trends. Location Global. Methods We estimate how has changed compared to there were patterns across groups. use a database compiled assemblage time series from around world, BioTIME. total history (Faith's diversity; PD) as well average relatedness (mean pairwise distance mean nearest taxon distance; MPD MNTD, respectively) measures report taxon‐level assemblage‐level posterior slope estimates Bayesian hierarchical model. trends four groups: fish, birds, terrestrial mammals plants. Results found strong evidence widespread increases fish bird assemblages, reflecting decreases decrease mammals, indicating opposite. Conversely, did not find consistent directional change though null included notable positive negative studies regions. also moderate that SR PD increasing while they decreasing mammals. Main Conclusions Our findings suggest composition significantly altering makeup assemblages at scale overall diverge within potential drivers these but highlight our results more generalisable for birds than plants, given variation geographical coverage sample size.

Язык: Английский

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Relationships between mean species abundance (MSA) and potentially disappeared fraction of species (PDF) are consistent but also uncertain

Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100652 - 100652

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Europe temperate forests

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 371 - 396

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

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Plant diversity dynamics over space and time in a warming Arctic

Nature, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

The Arctic is warming four times faster than the global average1 and plant communities are responding through shifts in species abundance, composition distribution2-4. However, direction magnitude of local changes diversity have not been quantified. Using a compilation 42,234 records 490 vascular from 2,174 plots across Arctic, here we quantified temporal richness repeat surveys between 1981 2022. We also identified geographical, climatic biotic drivers behind these changes. found greater at lower latitudes warmer sites, but no indication that, on average, had changed directionally over time. turnover was widespread, with 59% gaining and/or losing species. Proportions gains losses were where temperatures increased most. Shrub expansion, particularly erect shrubs, associated decreasing richness. Despite composition, did become more similar to each other, suggesting homogenization so far. Overall, different directions, temperature plant-plant interactions emerging as main change. Our findings demonstrate how climate can act concert alter which could precede future biodiversity that likely affect ecosystem function, wildlife habitats livelihoods peoples5,6.

Язык: Английский

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