Ecological Opportunity and Adaptive Radiation

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 47(1), С. 507 - 532

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2016

The process of adaptive radiation—the proliferation species from a single ancestor and diversification into many ecologically different forms—has been great interest to evolutionary biologists since Darwin. Since the middle last century, ecological opportunity has invoked as potential key understanding when how radiation occurs. Interest in topic accelerated research on experienced resurgence, fueled part by advances phylogenetic approaches studying diversification. Nonetheless, what term actually means, much less it mechanistically leads diversification, is currently debated; whether any predictive value or heuristic useful only for post hoc explanation also remains unclear. Recent recognition that change can occur rapidly timescale commensurate with processes suggests time synthesize study community assembly

Язык: Английский

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The evolution of female genitalia

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 32(9), С. 882 - 899

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2019

Female genitalia have been largely neglected in studies of genital evolution, perhaps due to the long-standing belief that they are relatively invariable and therefore taxonomically evolutionarily uninformative comparison with male genitalia. Contemporary evolution begun dispute this view, demonstrate female can be highly diverse covary males. Here, we examine evidence for three mechanisms females: species isolating 'lock-and-key' cryptic choice sexual conflict. Lock-and-key has thought unimportant; however, present cases show how isolation may well play a role Much support via conflict comes from both invertebrate vertebrate species; effects difficult distinguish models focus on putative benefits females. We offer potential solutions alleviate issue. Finally, directions future order expand refine our knowledge surrounding evolution.

Язык: Английский

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Predictability and Parallelism of Multitrait Adaptation

Journal of Heredity, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 109(1), С. 59 - 70

Опубликована: Май 2, 2017

Environments shape the traits of organisms. Environmental variation may rarely alter selection on only a few traits, but instead precipitate wholesale changes multidimensional selective regime—many might experience divergent across environments. Such in can elicit multifarious evolution. How predictable (from theory) and how parallel (consistent occurrences) is multitrait divergence replicated environments? Here, I address this question using post-Pleistocene radiation Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia hubbsi) inhabiting blue holes Andros Island. These fish independently colonized numerous holes, some that harbor major predator (bigmouth sleeper, Gobiomorus dormitor) lack any predators. used 5 approaches to quantitatively explore predictability parallelism between predation regimes mosquitofish. Synthesizing data for 90 from 13 different types character suites (e.g., body morphology, life history, genital coloration, mating preference, habitat use), found widespread evidence strong, predictable, regimes. Yet despite great majority showing trajectories change, significant strong magnitudes divergence, uncovered over half overall phenotypic among populations was not driven by regime. Results suggest focusing or aspects provide misleading picture adaptation, nonparallel appears warrants greater attention. Taking perspective, quantifying parallelism, yield important insights.

Язык: Английский

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Causes and Consequences of Genital Evolution

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 56(4), С. 741 - 751

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2016

The study of genital diversity has experienced rapidly burgeoning attention over the past few decades. This research shown that male genitalia in internally fertilizing animals exhibit remarkably rapid and complex evolution. In recent years, a consensus emerged sexual selection is responsible for much observed diversity, with natural largely playing subsidiary role. Despite enhanced understanding key proximate forms evolution, we still have poor grasp broader, ultimate causes consequences striking genitalia. Here, highlight three topics so far received comparatively little yet could prove critically important. First, encourage investigation ecology's direct indirect roles diversification, as ecological variation can influence on several ways, perhaps especially by influencing context selection. Second, need more into effects divergence speciation, differences enhance reproductive isolation through either lock-and-key process (where directly favors isolation) or an incidental by-product divergence. Third, echo calls increased female genitalia, non-trivial exists, multiple mechanisms lead to diversification For all topics, review theory empirical data, describe specific approaches tackling these questions. We hope this work provides roadmap toward conspicuous primary traits, thus new insights evolution traits phenotypic speciation.

Язык: Английский

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Speciation through the lens of biomechanics: locomotion, prey capture and reproductive isolation

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 283(1838), С. 20161294 - 20161294

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2016

Speciation is a multifaceted process that involves numerous aspects of the biological sciences and occurs for multiple reasons. Ecology plays major role, including both abiotic biotic factors. Whether populations experience similar or divergent ecological environments, they often adapt to local conditions through divergence in biomechanical traits. We investigate role biomechanics speciation using fish predator–prey interactions, primary driver fitness predators prey. highlight specific groups fishes, species, have been particularly valuable understanding these dynamic interactions offer best opportunities future studies link genetic architecture reproductive isolation (RI). In addition emphasizing key techniques will be instrumental, we also propose movement towards linking include (i) establishing basis traits, (ii) testing whether selection lead divergence, (iii) whether/how traits affect RI. Future investigations examine lens propel our this process.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical and tactile incompatibilities cause reproductive isolation between two young damselfly species

Evolution, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 71(10), С. 2410 - 2427

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2017

External male reproductive structures have received considerable attention as a cause of isolation (RI), because the morphology these often evolves rapidly between populations. This rapid evolution presents potential for mechanical incompatibilities with heterospecific female during mating and could thus prevent interbreeding nascent species. Although such little empirical support common RI, mismatch to RI due incompatible species-specific tactile cues has not been tested. We tested importance in Enallagma anna E. carunculatum, two damselfly species that diverged within past ∼250,000 years currently hybridize sympatric region. quantified 19 prezygotic postzygotic barriers using both naturally occurring laboratory-reared damselflies. found incomplete pure hybrid males females. Interestingly, pairs which was incomplete, females showed greater resistance refusal mate or compared conspecific males. observation suggests involving can influence decisions form strong barrier gene flow early stages speciation.

Язык: Английский

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Phylogeny of euophryine jumping spiders from ultra‐conserved elements, with evidence on the intersexual coevolution of genitalia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)

Systematic Entomology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Abstract Knowledge of phylogeny is required to understand the evolution highly diverse groups such as euophryine jumping spiders, a lineage showing high species and morphological diversity. In this study, we applied phylogenomic approach using ultra‐conserved elements (UCE) obtained from 145 taxa infer spiders. The results provide well‐supported phylogenetic framework for Euophryini, especially deeper relationships, in which monophyly well most clades corresponding genus or group closely related genera, are strongly supported. Additionally, evolutionary patterns male embolus length female copulatory duct 117 were investigated through ancestral character state reconstruction phylogenetically independent contrast analyses UCE framework. suggest that lengths Euophryini positively correlated. common ancestor likely had relatively short duct, followed by repeated lengthening shortening both structures different lineages. Possible mechanisms may have caused intersexual coevolution pattern discussed. This study advances our understandings phylogeny, systematics genitalic euophryines, providing solid foundation future studies on diversification spider group.

Язык: Английский

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Alternative mating tactics in brown widow spiders: mating with or without male self-sacrifice does not affect the copulatory mechanism

Frontiers in Zoology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The role of ecology, neutral processes and antagonistic coevolution in an apparent sexual arms race

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 20(9), С. 1107 - 1117

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2017

Abstract Some of the strongest examples a sexual ‘arms race’ come from observations correlated evolution in sexually antagonistic traits among populations. However, it remains unclear whether these cases truly represent coevolution; alternatively, ecological or neutral processes might also drive evolution. To investigate alternatives, we evaluated contributions intersex genetic correlations, context, divergence and coevolution populations Gerris incognitus water striders. We could not detect correlations for traits. Ecological variation was related to population key female trait (spine length, defence against males), as well body size. Nevertheless, covariation between remained substantial significant even after accounting all processes. Our results therefore provide strong evidence contemporary arms race.

Язык: Английский

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An innovative ovipositor for niche exploitation impacts genital coevolution between sexes in a fruit-damaging Drosophila

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 285(1887), С. 20181635 - 20181635

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2018

Limited attention has been given to ecological factors influencing the coevolution of male and female genitalia. The innovative ovipositor Drosophila suzukii , an invading fruit pest, represents appealing case document this phenomenon. serrated saw-like is used pierce hard skin ripening fruits that are not by other flies prefer soft decaying fruits. Here, we highlight another function related its involvement in genital coupling during copulation. We compared morphology genitalia species sibling species, subpulchrella outgroup biarmipes . These comparisons a surgical manipulation indicated shape D. had be adjusted ensure tight coupling, despite having abandon use hook-like structure, paramere, because more linearly elongated ovipositor. This phenomenon demonstrates niche exploitation can directly affect mechanics potentially cause incompatibility among divergent forms. model provides new insights towards elucidating importance dual functions ovipositors insect induce speciation.

Язык: Английский

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