Global importance of Indigenous Peoples, their lands, and knowledge systems for saving the world’s primates from extinction

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(32)

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2022

Primates, represented by 521 species, are distributed across 91 countries primarily in the Neotropic, Afrotropic, and Indo-Malayan realms. Primates inhabit a wide range of habitats play critical roles sustaining healthy ecosystems that benefit human nonhuman communities. Approximately 68% primate species threatened with extinction because global pressures to convert their for agricultural production extraction natural resources. Here, we review scientific literature conduct spatial analysis assess significance Indigenous Peoples’ lands safeguarding biodiversity. We found account 30% range, 71% these lands. As on increases, less likely be classified as or have declining populations. Safeguarding lands, languages, cultures represents our greatest chance prevent world’s primates.

Язык: Английский

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The effectiveness of global protected areas for climate change mitigation

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Forests play a critical role in stabilizing Earth's climate. Establishing protected areas (PAs) represents one approach to forest conservation, but PAs were rarely created mitigate climate change. The global impact of on the carbon cycle has not previously been quantified due lack accurate global-scale stock maps. Here we used ~412 million lidar samples from NASA's GEDI mission estimate total PA aboveground (C) 61.43 Gt (+/- 0.31), 26% all mapped terrestrial woody C. Of this total, 9.65 + /- 0.88 additional was attributed status. These higher C stocks are primarily avoided emissions deforestation and degradation compared unprotected forests. This is roughly equivalent year annual fossil fuel emissions. results underscore importance conservation high biomass forests for avoiding preserving future sequestration.

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of the effectiveness of China’s protected areas in enhancing ecosystem services

Ecosystem Services, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 65, С. 101588 - 101588

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Contribution of the Amazon protected areas program to forest conservation

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 279, С. 109928 - 109928

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023

Established in 2002, the Amazon Protected Areas Program (ARPA) supports 120 Conservation Units (CUs) Brazilian Amazon, covering 62 Mha. Here, we quantified impact of ARPA support on reducing deforestation and CO2 emissions between 2008 2020. We started by examining critical methodological choices, often brushed over evaluation studies protected areas (PAs). then applied a covariate balancing method to control for variation covariates so as compare differences Strictly (SP) Sustainable Use (SU) CUs with without well assess influence investment mechanism differential reductions. Next, estimated total reductions using Adjusted Odds Ratio. found that accounts additional 9 % SP 39 SU relation non-supported CUs. The effects were statistically significant both categories plus Indigenous Lands (i.e., PAs) reduced 21 (2.0 ± 0.3 Mha) Of this total, 264 25 thousand ha, equivalent 104 10 Mtons emissions. If continues unabated, PAs will become last citadels Amazon. However, protecting only does not suffice. Additional investments comprehensive conservation policy mix are needed along monitoring strategy provide evidence what works effective socially equitable forest conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Habitat quality on the edge of anthropogenic pressures: Predicting the impact of land use changes in the Brazilian Upper Paraguay river Basin

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 459, С. 142546 - 142546

Опубликована: Май 11, 2024

Landscape changes driven by anthropogenic activities often have negative impacts on ecosystems, jeopardizing the provision of vital services that sustain biotic elements and wildlife. Predicting effects such transformations is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate ecological damage. This study explores interaction land use habitat quality estimates in Upper Paraguay River Basin Brazil, using InVEST Habitat Quality model estimate spatiotemporal landscape trends evaluate potential impact policies future. Under a business-as-usual scenario 2050, are simulated shaping quality, degradation, rarity as proxies biodiversity conservation. Results show an extensive expansion pastures through deforestation, leading progressive degradation with significant decay predicted observed quality. The index spatial decrease from 0.78 0.57 1989-2050 period. same trend protected areas period 2019-2050, increase 0.80 conservation units, 0.75 0.53 indigenous lands. For improved outcomes, this work introduces new insights environmental actions can be flagged sustainable management practices perspectives towards pressures at different scales. Therefore, government institutions responsible protection units communities informed about their territories. findings suggest incorporating additional climate-related variables could valuable direction future studies extend further modelling approaches explored work.

Язык: Английский

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Lessons from the historical dynamics of environmental law enforcement in the Brazilian Amazon

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2024

Abstract Here, we analyze critical changes in environmental law enforcement the Brazilian Amazon between 2000 and 2020. Based on a dataset of indicators, discuss how these explain recent deforestation dynamics. Our analysis also covers legal prosecution process documents militarization 2018 2022. From 2004 to 2018, 43.6 thousand land-use embargoes 84.3 fines were issued, targeting 3.3 million ha land, totaling USD 9.3 billion penalties. Nevertheless, relaxed became spatially more limited, signaling an increasing lack commitment by State enforcing law. The number asset confiscations dropped 59% 55% 2019 2020, respectively. These accompanied marked increase expenditure, suggesting massive efficiency loss. More importantly, creation so-called conciliation hearings centralization processes reduced actual judgments collected 85% decreased ratio lawsuits resulting paid over filed ones from 17 5%. As Brazil gears up crack-down illegal once again, our assessment suggests urgent entry points for policy action.

Язык: Английский

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Urban expansion and vegetation dynamics: The role of protected areas in preventing vegetation loss in a growing mega city

Habitat International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 150, С. 103129 - 103129

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The impact of connectivity in natural protected areas on the resilience of urban ecological networks: A research framework based on hierarchical disturbance scenario simulation

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 164, С. 112144 - 112144

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

In the context of accelerating ecological fragmentation, it is urgent to enhance interconnectivity urban patches form a resilient network (EN). The construction Natural Protected Area (NPA) system proposed in 2019 latest strategy implemented by China protecting spaces. However, effectiveness this has not been adequately demonstrated. This study specifically analyzes concrete impacts natural protected area on resilience networks (ENs). economically developed Urban Agglomeration around Hangzhou Bay (UAHB) was chosen as an example for argumentation. Firstly, we utilized circuit theory construct EN consisting 173 sources and 401 corridors. Secondly, were categorized into three levels based their connectivity values. Finally, dynamic disturbance scenario simulation framework constructed evaluate impact NPA EN. results indicated that: (1) preceding 47% are crucial maintaining EN; (2) Compared with other spaces, NPAs have 38% 1100% greater effect first second-level sources, respectively, while its third-level 118% lower. innovatively investigates differential hierarchical areas unprotected environment.

Язык: Английский

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Continuous growth of human footprint risks compromising the benefits of protected areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34, С. e02053 - e02053

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2022

Protected areas (PAs) are the critical societal tool to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem services (ESs), but human disturbances frequently threaten them. Here, we used multiple data sources map footprint as a proxy for identifying intensity of activities on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau therein nature reserves (NRs, primary category PAs in China). We found that has increased by 22% since 2000, average, pressure inside NRs was 60% lower than outside. However, identified majority NRs, with only 30% protected land free from any measurable pressure. From total 53 28 showed over 10% increase footprint, 6 had 70% their extent under intense (human score≥4). Furthermore, higher proportion ESs is subjected high levels therefore at risk, particularly soil water retention. The applied regression model revealed large more resilient longer establishment. continuous may hinder current future supply. Our analysis shows evidence-based results promote mitigation pressures PAs.

Язык: Английский

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Defining priority areas for conservation based on multispecies functional connectivity

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 290, С. 110438 - 110438

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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