The basal ganglia control the detailed kinematics of learned motor skills

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 24(9), С. 1256 - 1269

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Structural and functional organization of the midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2022

The midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus form a major part "limbic thalamus;" that is, thalamic structures anatomically functionally linked with limbic forebrain. consist paraventricular (PV) paratenial nuclei, dorsally rhomboid nucleus reuniens (RE), ventrally. rostral (ILt) central medial (CM), paracentral (PC) lateral (CL) nuclei. We presently concentrate on RE, PV, CM CL thalamus. receives diverse array input from limbic-related sites, predominantly projects to hippocampus "limbic" cortices. RE participates in various cognitive functions including spatial working memory, executive (attention, behavioral flexibility) affect/fear behavior. PV significant afferents, particularly hypothalamus, mainly distributes "affective" forebrain bed stria terminalis, accumbens amygdala. Accordingly, serves critical role "motivated behaviors" such as arousal, feeding/consummatory behavior drug addiction. ILt both sensorimotor-related widely over motor regions frontal cortex-and throughout dorsal striatum. is for maintaining consciousness directly sensorimotor (visuospatial or reaction time tasks) tasks involving striatal-cortical interactions. As discussed herein, while each are distinct, they collectively serve vital several affective, behaviors - components brainstem-diencephalic-thalamocortical circuitry.

Язык: Английский

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Dissociating the contributions of sensorimotor striatum to automatic and visually guided motor sequences

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(10), С. 1791 - 1804

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Knowns and unknowns about the neurobiology of stuttering

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(2), С. e3002492 - e3002492

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

Stuttering occurs in early childhood during a dynamic phase of brain and behavioral development. The latest studies examining children at ages close to this critical developmental period have identified alterations that are most likely linked stuttering, while spontaneous recovery appears related increased inter-area connectivity. By contrast, therapy-driven improvement adults is associated with functional reorganization within beyond the speech network. etiology however, remains enigmatic. This Unsolved Mystery highlights questions points neuroimaging findings could inspire future research uncover how genetics, interacting neural hierarchies, social context, reward circuitry contribute many facets stuttering.

Язык: Английский

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Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Over the past decade, research has shown that primary motor cortex (M1), brain's main output for movement, also responds to rewards. These reward signals may shape in its final stages, influencing movement invigoration and learning. In this Perspective, we highlight functional roles of M1 propose how they could guide advances neurotechnologies restoration, specifically brain-computer interfaces non-invasive brain stimulation. Understanding open new avenues enhancing control rehabilitation. The (M1) not only drives but authors discuss M1's transform like stimulation recovery.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term stability of single neuron activity in the motor system

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(12), С. 1664 - 1674

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Cortical-subcortical interactions in goal-directed behavior

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 103(1), С. 347 - 389

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Flexibly selecting appropriate actions in response to complex, ever-changing environments requires both cortical and subcortical regions, which are typically described as participating a strict hierarchy. In this traditional view, highly specialized circuits allow for efficient responses salient stimuli, at the cost of adaptability context specificity, attributed neocortex. Their interactions often cortex providing top-down command signals structures implement; however, available technologies develop, studies increasingly demonstrate that behavior is represented by brainwide activity even contain early choice, suggesting behavioral functions emerge result different regions interacting truly collaborative networks. review, we discuss field’s evolving understanding how placental mammals interact cooperatively, not only via cortical-subcortical inputs but through bottom-up interactions, especially thalamus. We describe our current circuitry two exemplar structures, superior colliculus striatum, identify information prioritized regions. then functional these form with one another, thalamus, create parallel loops complex networks flow. Finally, challenge classic view modules contained within specific brain regions; instead, propose certain prioritize types over others, subnetworks they form, defined their anatomical connections dynamics, basis true specialization.

Язык: Английский

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Cortico-basal ganglia plasticity in motor learning

Neuron, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(15), С. 2486 - 2502

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Information flow between motor cortex and striatum reverses during skill learning

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(9), С. 1831 - 1843.e7

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

The coordination of neural activity across brain areas during a specific behavior is often interpreted as communication involved in controlling the behavior. However, whether information relevant to actually transferred between untested. Here, we used information-theoretic tools quantify how motor cortex and striatum encode exchange behaviorally about reach-to-grasp movement features skill learning rats. We found temporal shift encoding learning, well reversal primary direction flow, from cortex-to-striatum naive movements striatum-to-cortex skilled movements. Standard analytical methods that evolution overall learning-such changes signal amplitude or areas-failed capture these dynamics. Using standard methods, instead consistent coactivation signals production bidirectional increase propagation learning. Our results show achieved through transformation routed cortical subcortical isolating components informative critical uncover directional interactions within coactive coordinated network.

Язык: Английский

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De novo motor learning creates structure in neural activity that shapes adaptation

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Abstract Animals can quickly adapt learned movements to external perturbations, and their existing motor repertoire likely influences ease of adaptation. Long-term learning causes lasting changes in neural connectivity, which shapes the activity patterns that be produced during Here, we examined how a population’s patterns, acquired through de novo learning, affect subsequent adaptation by modeling cortical population dynamics with recurrent networks. We trained networks on different repertoires comprising varying numbers movements, they following various experiences. Networks multiple had more constrained robust dynamics, were associated defined ‘structure’—organization available patterns. This structure facilitated adaptation, but only when imposed perturbation congruent organization inputs learning. These results highlight trade-offs skill acquisition demonstrate experiences shape geometrical properties

Язык: Английский

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