The basal ganglia control the detailed kinematics of learned motor skills

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 1256 - 1269

Published: July 15, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Over the past decade, research has shown that primary motor cortex (M1), brain's main output for movement, also responds to rewards. These reward signals may shape in its final stages, influencing movement invigoration and learning. In this Perspective, we highlight functional roles of M1 propose how they could guide advances neurotechnologies restoration, specifically brain-computer interfaces non-invasive brain stimulation. Understanding open new avenues enhancing control rehabilitation. The (M1) not only drives but authors discuss M1's transform like stimulation recovery.

Language: Английский

---

Structural and functional organization of the midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Aug. 23, 2022

The midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus form a major part "limbic thalamus;" that is, thalamic structures anatomically functionally linked with limbic forebrain. consist paraventricular (PV) paratenial nuclei, dorsally rhomboid nucleus reuniens (RE), ventrally. rostral (ILt) central medial (CM), paracentral (PC) lateral (CL) nuclei. We presently concentrate on RE, PV, CM CL thalamus. receives diverse array input from limbic-related sites, predominantly projects to hippocampus "limbic" cortices. RE participates in various cognitive functions including spatial working memory, executive (attention, behavioral flexibility) affect/fear behavior. PV significant afferents, particularly hypothalamus, mainly distributes "affective" forebrain bed stria terminalis, accumbens amygdala. Accordingly, serves critical role "motivated behaviors" such as arousal, feeding/consummatory behavior drug addiction. ILt both sensorimotor-related widely over motor regions frontal cortex-and throughout dorsal striatum. is for maintaining consciousness directly sensorimotor (visuospatial or reaction time tasks) tasks involving striatal-cortical interactions. As discussed herein, while each are distinct, they collectively serve vital several affective, behaviors - components brainstem-diencephalic-thalamocortical circuitry.

Language: Английский

---

Dissociating the contributions of sensorimotor striatum to automatic and visually guided motor sequences

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 1791 - 1804

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Knowns and unknowns about the neurobiology of stuttering

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. e3002492 - e3002492

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Stuttering occurs in early childhood during a dynamic phase of brain and behavioral development. The latest studies examining children at ages close to this critical developmental period have identified alterations that are most likely linked stuttering, while spontaneous recovery appears related increased inter-area connectivity. By contrast, therapy-driven improvement adults is associated with functional reorganization within beyond the speech network. etiology however, remains enigmatic. This Unsolved Mystery highlights questions points neuroimaging findings could inspire future research uncover how genetics, interacting neural hierarchies, social context, reward circuitry contribute many facets stuttering.

Language: Английский

---

Cortico-basal ganglia plasticity in motor learning

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(15), P. 2486 - 2502

Published: July 12, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Conjoint specification of action by neocortex and striatum

Neuron, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Long-term stability of single neuron activity in the motor system

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 1664 - 1674

Published: Nov. 10, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Cortical-subcortical interactions in goal-directed behavior

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(1), P. 347 - 389

Published: June 30, 2022

Flexibly selecting appropriate actions in response to complex, ever-changing environments requires both cortical and subcortical regions, which are typically described as participating a strict hierarchy. In this traditional view, highly specialized circuits allow for efficient responses salient stimuli, at the cost of adaptability context specificity, attributed neocortex. Their interactions often cortex providing top-down command signals structures implement; however, available technologies develop, studies increasingly demonstrate that behavior is represented by brainwide activity even contain early choice, suggesting behavioral functions emerge result different regions interacting truly collaborative networks. review, we discuss field’s evolving understanding how placental mammals interact cooperatively, not only via cortical-subcortical inputs but through bottom-up interactions, especially thalamus. We describe our current circuitry two exemplar structures, superior colliculus striatum, identify information prioritized regions. then functional these form with one another, thalamus, create parallel loops complex networks flow. Finally, challenge classic view modules contained within specific brain regions; instead, propose certain prioritize types over others, subnetworks they form, defined their anatomical connections dynamics, basis true specialization.

Language: Английский

---

Task-specific modulation of corticospinal neuron activity during motor learning in mice

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 11, 2023

Abstract Motor skill learning relies on the plasticity of primary motor cortex as task acquisition drives cortical network remodeling. Large-scale remodeling evoked outputs occurs during corticospinal-dependent prehension behavior, but not simple, non-dexterous tasks. Here we determine response corticospinal neurons to two distinct training paradigms and assess role in execution a requiring precise modulation forelimb movement one that does not. In vivo calcium imaging mice revealed temporal coding activity coincident with development movements, more simplistic patterns. Transection tract optogenetic regulation show necessity for patterned movements ones. Our findings reveal critical movements.

Language: Английский

---