Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
61(21), С. 3569 - 3588
Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2020
In
recent
years,
the
degradation
processes
of
polysaccharides
by
human
gut
microbiota
are
receiving
considerable
attention
due
to
discoveries
powerful
function
microbiota.
Gut
has
developed
a
sensitive,
accurate,
and
complex
system
for
sensing,
capturing,
degrading
different
polysaccharides.
Among
microbiota,
Bacteroides
thetaiotaomicron,
representative
species
Bacteroides,
is
considered
as
best
degrader
potential
probiotic
in
pharmaceutical
food
industries.
Here,
we
summarize
B.
thetaiotaomicron
pathways
thetaiotaomicron.
We
also
describe
technical
route
investigating
specific
polysaccharide
pathway
bacteria.
addition,
provide
future
perspectives
development
novel
or
oligosaccharides
drugs,
precision
microbiology
medicine,
personalized
nutrition.
Cell Research,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
30(6), С. 492 - 506
Опубликована: Май 20, 2020
Abstract
The
interplay
between
the
commensal
microbiota
and
mammalian
immune
system
development
function
includes
multifold
interactions
in
homeostasis
disease.
microbiome
plays
critical
roles
training
of
major
components
host’s
innate
adaptive
system,
while
orchestrates
maintenance
key
features
host-microbe
symbiosis.
In
a
genetically
susceptible
host,
imbalances
microbiota-immunity
under
defined
environmental
contexts
are
believed
to
contribute
pathogenesis
multitude
immune-mediated
disorders.
Here,
we
review
microbiome-immunity
crosstalk
their
health
disease,
providing
examples
molecular
mechanisms
orchestrating
these
intestine
extra-intestinal
organs.
We
highlight
aspects
current
knowledge,
challenges
limitations
achieving
causal
understanding
host
immune-microbiome
interactions,
as
well
impact
on
diseases,
discuss
how
insights
may
translate
towards
future
microbiome-targeted
therapeutic
interventions.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
118(27)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2021
Significance
While
the
effects
of
gut
microbes
on
brain
development
and
function
have
been
described,
mechanisms
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
we
report
that
tryptophan-metabolizing
secrete
indoles
regulate
neurogenesis
in
adult
hippocampus.
This
stimulatory
effect
is
mediated
by
metabolic-
immune-linked
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR).
Another
AhR
ligand,
tryptophan
metabolite
kynurenine,
failed
to
induce
neurogenesis,
suggesting
ligand
specificity
AhR-mediated
regulation
neurogenesis.
The
indole-AhR
signaling
pathway
elevates
transcription
factors
proteins
promote
as
well
key
markers
synaptic
maturation.
Our
data
demonstrate
a
symbiotic
gut–brain
coregulatory
axis
connects
metabolic
status
control
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Май 11, 2021
Abstract
Gut
microbiome
profoundly
affects
many
aspects
of
host
physiology
and
behaviors.
Here
we
report
that
gut
modulates
aggressive
behaviors
in
Drosophila
.
We
found
germ-free
males
showed
substantial
decrease
inter-male
aggression,
which
could
be
rescued
by
microbial
re-colonization.
These
are
not
as
competitive
wild-type
for
mating
with
females,
although
they
displayed
regular
levels
locomotor
courtship
further
interacted
diet
during
a
critical
developmental
period
the
proper
expression
octopamine
manifestation
aggression
adult
males.
findings
provide
insights
into
how
specific
through
interaction
development.
Trends in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
32(12), С. 1229 - 1240
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024
Recent
studies
of
dynamic
interactions
between
epigenetic
modifications
a
host
organism
and
the
composition
or
activity
its
associated
gut
microbiota
suggest
an
opportunity
for
to
shape
microbiome
through
alterations
that
lead
changes
in
gene
expression
noncoding
RNA
activity.
We
use
insights
from
microbiota-induced
review
potential
epigenetically
regulate
microbiome,
which
bidirectional
'epigenome–microbiome
axis'
emerges.
This
axis
embeds
environmentally
induced
variation,
may
influence
adaptive
evolution
host–microbe
interactions.
furthermore
present
our
perspective
on
how
epigenome–microbiome
can
be
understood
investigated
within
holo-omic
framework
with
applications
applied
health
food
sciences.
Abstract
Background
Interest
in
the
interplay
between
host
genetics
and
gut
microbiome
complex
human
diseases
is
increasing,
with
prior
evidence
mainly
being
derived
from
animal
models.
In
addition,
shared
distinct
features
among
remain
largely
unclear.
Results
This
analysis
was
based
on
a
Chinese
population
1475
participants.
We
estimated
SNP-based
heritability,
which
suggested
that
Desulfovibrionaceae
Odoribacter
had
significant
heritability
estimates
(0.456
0.476,
respectively).
performed
genome-wide
association
study
to
identify
genetic
variants
associated
microbiome.
then
conducted
bidirectional
Mendelian
randomization
analyses
examine
potential
causal
associations
diseases.
found
Saccharibacteria
could
potentially
decrease
concentration
of
serum
creatinine
increase
glomerular
filtration
rate.
On
other
hand,
atrial
fibrillation,
chronic
kidney
disease
prostate
cancer,
as
predicted
by
genetics,
effects
abundance
some
specific
microbiota.
For
example,
fibrillation
increased
Burkholderiales
Alcaligenaceae
decreased
Lachnobacterium
,
Bacteroides
coprophilus
Barnesiellaceae
an
undefined
genus
family
Veillonellaceae
Mitsuokella
.
Further
disease-microbiome
feature
systemic
lupus
erythematosus
myeloid
leukaemia
common
features.
Conclusions
These
results
suggest
different
share
features,
may
help
reshape
our
understanding
aetiology
humans.
