Hallmarks of totipotent and pluripotent stem cell states

Cell stem cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(3), С. 312 - 333

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Though totipotency and pluripotency are transient during early embryogenesis, they establish the foundation for development of all mammals. Studying these in vivo has been challenging due to limited access ethical constraints, particularly humans. Recent progress led diverse culture adaptations epiblast cells vitro form totipotent pluripotent stem cells, which not only deepen our understanding embryonic but also serve as invaluable resources animal reproduction regenerative medicine. This review delves into hallmarks shedding light on their key molecular functional features.

Язык: Английский

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DMRT1 regulates human germline commitment

Nature Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(10), С. 1439 - 1452

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2023

Abstract Germline commitment following primordial germ cell (PGC) specification during early human development establishes an epigenetic programme and competence for gametogenesis. Here we follow the progression of nascent PGC-like cells derived from embryonic stem in vitro. We show that switching BMP signalling PGC to Activin A retinoic acid resulted DMRT1 CDH5 expression, indicators migratory PGCs vivo. Moreover, induction SOX17 promoted resetting with striking global enrichment 5-hydroxymethylcytosine locus-specific loss 5-methylcytosine at binding sites expression DAZL representing DNA methylation-sensitive genes, a hallmark germline programme. provide insight into unique role advances biology vitro

Язык: Английский

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Specification of human germ cell fate with enhanced progression capability supported by hindgut organoids

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(1), С. 111907 - 111907

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs), the precursors of sperm and eggs, are specified during weeks 2−3 after fertilization. Few studies on ex vivo in vitro cultured human embryos reported plausible hPGCs embryonic day (E) 12−13 an E16−17 gastrulating embryo. In vitro, hPGC-like (hPGCLCs) can be from intermediary pluripotent stage or peri-gastrulation precursors. Here, we explore broad spectrum hPGCLC how different impact development. We show that resetting give rise to hPGCLCs (rhPGCLCs) response BMP. Strikingly, rhPGCLCs co-cultured with hindgut organoids progress at a pace reminiscent hPGC development, unlike those derived Moreover, rhPGCLC specification depends both EOMES TBXT, not just as for hPGCLCs. Importantly, our study provides foundation developing efficient models gametogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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Efficient derivation of embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cell-like cells in cattle

Journal of Reproduction and Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 70(2), С. 82 - 95

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The induction of the germ cell lineage from pluripotent stem cells (in vitro gametogenesis) will help understand mechanisms underlying differentiation and provide an alternative source gametes for reproduction. This technology is especially important cattle, which are among most livestock species milk meat production. Here, we developed a new method robust primordial cell-like (PGCLCs) newly established bovine embryonic (bES) cells. First, refined culture conditions pre-implantation embryos ES Inhibition RHO increased number epiblast in dramatically improved efficiency establishment. We then determined suitable PGCLC using bES harboring BLIMP1-tdTomato TFAP2C-mNeonGreen (BTTN) reporter constructs. After 24-h with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), followed by three-dimensional BMP4 chemical agonist WNT signaling antagonist, became positive reporters. A set (PGC) marker genes, including PRDM1/BLIMP1, TFAP2C, SOX17, NANOS3, were expressed BTTN-positive These PGCLCs (bPGCLCs) isolated as KIT/CD117-positive CD44-negative populations. anticipate that this efficient establishment be useful cell-based reproductive technologies cattle.

Язык: Английский

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The journey of a generation: advances and promises in the study of primordial germ cell migration

Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 151(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

ABSTRACT The germline provides the genetic and non-genetic information that passes from one generation to next. Given this important role in species propagation, egg sperm precursors, called primordial germ cells (PGCs), are of first cell types specified during embryogenesis. In fact, PGCs form well before bipotential somatic gonad is specified. This common feature development necessitates migrate through many tissues reach gonad. During their journey, must respond select environmental cues while ignoring others a dynamically developing embryo. complex multi-tissue, combinatorial nature PGC migration an excellent model for understanding how navigate environments vivo. Here, we discuss recent findings on migratory path, shepherd PGCs, guidance provide, response these establish pool future generations. We end by discussing fate wayward fail diverse species. Collectively, field poised yield insights into emerging reproductive technologies.

Язык: Английский

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Poultry genetic heritage cryopreservation and reconstruction: advancement and future challenges

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2022

Abstract Poultry genetics resources, including commercial selected lines, indigenous breeds, and experimental are now being irreversibly lost at an alarming rate due to multiple reasons, which further threats the future livelihood academic purpose. Collections of germplasm may reduce risk catastrophic loss genetic diversity by guaranteeing that a pool variability is available ensure reintroduction replenishment stocks. The setting up biobanks for poultry challenging because high sensitiveness spermatozoa freezing–thawing process, inability cryopreserve egg or embryo, coupled with females heterogametic sex. progress in cryobiology biotechnologies have made possible extension range species cryobanks, semen, primordial germ cells, somatic cells gonads. In this review, we introduce state-of-the-art technologies avian resource conservation breed reconstruction, discuss potential challenges study extending these ongoing efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Induced formation of primordial germ cells from zebrafish blastomeres by germplasm factors

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Abstract The combination of genome editing and primordial germ cell (PGC) transplantation has enormous significance in the study developmental biology genetic breeding, despite its low efficiency due to limited number donor PGCs. Here, we employ a germplasm factors convert blastoderm cells into induced PGCs (iPGCs) zebrafish obtain functional gametes either through iPGC or via single blastomere overexpression factors. Zebrafish-derived blastula Gobiocypris rarus iPGCs, spermatozoa can be produced by iPGC-transplanted zebrafish. Moreover, knock-in perfectly resolves contradiction between high early lethality during embryonic stages greatly improves knock-in. Together, present an efficient method for generating teleost, technique that will have strong impact basic research aquaculture.

Язык: Английский

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Stem cell-based embryo models: a tool to study early human development

Science China Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Generation of rat offspring using spermatids produced through in vitro spermatogenesis

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

Abstract An in vitro spermatogenesis method using mouse testicular tissue to produce fertile sperm was established more than a decade ago. Although this culture has generally not been effective other animal species, we recently succeeded improving the condition induce of rats up round spermatid stage. In present study, introduced acrosin-EGFP transgenic order clearly monitor production haploid cells during vitro. addition, metabolomic analysis media cultivation revealed metabolic dynamics testis tissue. By modifying based on these results, were able rat repeatedly cell production, including formation elongating spermatids, which confirmed histologically and immunohistochemically. Finally, performed microinsemination experiment with produced resulted healthy offspring. This is first demonstration functional that yielded offspring animals mice. These results are expected provide basis for development an system applicable many mammals.

Язык: Английский

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Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived In Vitro Gametogenesis and Synthetic Embryos—It Is Never Too Early for an Ethical Debate

Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(9), С. 569 - 575

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

Recently, 2 branches of the wide area synthetic biology-in vitro gametogenesis and embryo development-have gained considerable attention. Rodent induced pluripotent stem cells derived via reprogramming somatic can in be differentiated into gametes to produce fertile offspring. And even embryos with organ progenitors were generated ex utero entirely from murine cells. The use these approaches basic research, which is rightfully accompanied by an ethical discussion, will allow hitherto unattainable insights processes beginning life. There a broad international consensus that currently application technologies human-assisted reproduction must considered unsafe unethical. However, newspaper headlines also addressed putatively resulting paradigm shift human thereby raised expectations patients. Due unsolved biological technological obstacles, most scientists do not anticipate translation any reproductive medicine, if ever, for next 10 years. Still, whereas usage purposes should banned, context vitro-derived it too early initiate evaluation implications, could still remain assuming all hurdles ever cleared.

Язык: Английский

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