Fungal–Metal Interactions: A Review of Toxicity and Homeostasis

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(3), С. 225 - 225

Опубликована: Март 18, 2021

Metal nanoparticles used as antifungals have increased the occurrence of fungal–metal interactions. However, there is a lack knowledge about how these interactions cause genomic and physiological changes, which can produce fungal superbugs. Despite interest in interactions, limited understanding resistance mechanisms most fungi studied until now. We highlight current homeostasis zinc, copper, iron, manganese, silver to comprehensively examine associated resistance. Such been widely Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but reports exist filamentous fungi, though they are frequently subject nanoparticle biosynthesis targets antifungal metals. In cases, microarray analyses uncovered response metal exposure. yeast, mainly due down-regulation ion importers, utilization metallothionein metallothionein-like structures, sequestration vacuole. contrast, heavily relies upon cellular export. instances that utilized vacuole sequestration, metallothionein, chelator binding, deleting importer, storage hyphal cell walls. general, manganese extensively reported yeast partially known fungi; lacks comprehensive both.

Язык: Английский

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Current trends, limitations and future research in the fungi?

Fungal Diversity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 125(1), С. 1 - 71

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Abstract The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset botany, to a valuable, modern scientific discipline. As this study grown, there have been significant contributions science, technology, and industry, highlighting the value fungi in era. This paper looks at current research, along with existing limitations, suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts, mycology. We show how become important emerging diseases medical discuss trends potential drug novel compound discovery. explore phylogenomics, its potential, outcomes address question phylogenomics be applied fungal ecology. In addition, functional genomics studies are discussed importance unravelling intricate mechanisms underlying behaviour, interactions, adaptations, paving way for comprehensive understanding biology. look research building materials, they used as carbon sinks, biocircular economies. numbers always great interest often written about estimates varied greatly. Thus, we needs order obtain more reliable estimates. aspects machine learning (AI) it mycological research. Plant pathogens affecting food production systems on global scale, such, needed area, particularly disease detection. latest data High Throughput Sequencing if still gaining new knowledge same rate before. A review nanotechnology is provided addressed. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi addressed acknowledged. Fungal databases becoming important, therefore provide major databases. Edible medicinal huge medicines, especially Asia prospects discussed. Lifestyle changes (e.g., endophytes, pathogens, and/or saprobes) also extremely trend special issue Diversity.

Язык: Английский

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Novel Strategies for Preventing Fungal Infections—Outline

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 126 - 126

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Fungal infections are a significant global health challenge, causing approximately 3.8 million deaths annually, with immunocompromised populations particularly at risk. Traditional antifungal therapies, including azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes, face limitations due to rising resistance, toxicity, inadequate treatment options. This review explores innovative strategies for preventing managing fungal infections, such as vaccines, peptides, nanotechnology, probiotics, immunotherapy. Vaccines offer promising avenues long-term protection, despite difficulties in their development complexity immune evasion mechanisms. Antifungal peptides provide novel class of agents broad-spectrum activity reduced resistance risk, whilst nanotechnology enables targeted, effective drug delivery systems. Probiotics show potential vulvovaginal candidiasis, by maintaining microbial balance. Immunotherapy leverages system modulation enhance defenses, omics technologies deliver comprehensive insights into biology, paving the way therapeutic vaccine targets. While these approaches hold immense promise, challenges cost, accessibility, translational barriers remain. A coordinated effort among researchers, clinicians, policymakers is critical advancing addressing burden effectively.

Язык: Английский

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Fungal secondary metabolites in food and pharmaceuticals in the era of multi-omics

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 106(9-10), С. 3465 - 3488

Опубликована: Май 1, 2022

Fungi produce several bioactive metabolites, pigments, dyes, antioxidants, polysaccharides, and industrial enzymes. Fungal products are also the primary sources of functional food nutrition, their pharmacological used for healthy aging. Their molecular properties validated through use recent high-throughput genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic tools techniques. Together, these updated multi-omic have been to study fungal metabolites structure mode action on biological cellular processes. Diverse groups fungi different proteins secondary which possess tremendous biotechnological pharmaceutical applications. Furthermore, its acceptability can be accelerated by adopting multi-omics, bioinformatics, machine learning that generate a huge amount data. The integration artificial intelligence in era omics big data has opened up new outlook both basic applied researches area nutraceuticals nutrition. KEY POINTS: • Multi-omic tool helps identification novel Intra-omic from genomics bioinformatics Novel application human health.

Язык: Английский

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Current understanding of plant-microbe interaction through the lenses of multi-omics approaches and their benefits in sustainable agriculture

Microbiological Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 265, С. 127180 - 127180

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022

Язык: Английский

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OMICS and Other Advanced Technologies in Mycological Applications

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(6), С. 688 - 688

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Fungi play many roles in different ecosystems. The precise identification of fungi is important aspects. Historically, they were identified based on morphological characteristics, but technological advancements such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing now enable more accurate taxonomy, higher-level classifications. However, some species, referred to "dark taxa", lack distinct physical features that makes their challenging. High-throughput metagenomics environmental samples provide a solution identifying new lineages fungi. This paper discusses approaches including PCR amplification rDNA, multi-loci phylogenetic analyses, the importance various omics (large-scale molecular) techniques for understanding fungal applications. use proteomics, transcriptomics, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics, interactomics provides comprehensive These advanced technologies are critical expanding knowledge Kingdom Fungi, its impact food safety security, edible mushrooms foodomics, secondary metabolites, mycotoxin-producing fungi, biomedical therapeutic applications, antifungal drugs drug resistance, data novel development. also highlights exploring from extreme environments understudied areas identify dark taxa.

Язык: Английский

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Intersections between climate change and antimicrobial resistance: a systematic scoping review

The Lancet Planetary Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(12), С. e1118 - e1128

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Climate change and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) present crucial challenges for the health wellbeing of people, animals, plants, ecosystems worldwide, yet two are largely treated as separate unrelated challenges. The aim this systematic scoping Review is to understand nature growing evidence base linking AMR climate identify knowledge gaps areas further research. We conducted a search peer-reviewed literature in Scopus, Web Science, PubMed on 27 June, 2022. Our strategy identified screened 1687 unique results. Data were extracted analysed from 574 records meeting our inclusion criteria. 222 (39%) these reviewed articles discussed harmful synergies which both exist independently can interact synergistically, resulting negative outcomes. Just over quarter (n=163; 28%) contained general or broad references change, whereas fifth (n=111; 19%) referred influencing emergence evolution AMR. 12% (n=70) presented positive between approaches aimed at addressing interventions targeting management control remaining focused shared drivers trade-offs actions that have unanticipated outcomes (or vice versa), and, finally, pathways through negatively influence change. findings indicate multiple intersections do connect. Research area still nascent, disciplinarily isolated, only beginning converge, with few documents primarily equal intersection topics. Greater empirical evidence-based attention needed investigate related specific hazards resistant fungi, helminths, protists, viruses.

Язык: Английский

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Anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-breast cancer properties unraveled in yeast carotenoids produced via cost-effective fermentation technique utilizing waste hydrolysate

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

Introduction Natural carotenoids are well known for their anti-oxidant property and also shown to have antimicrobial anticancer efficacy. Production of from microbial resources mainly yeast has attracted commercial interest. Breast cancer the highest incidence among women, therapy resistance lack effective therapeutic strategies major treatment bottlenecks, particularly triple-negative subtypes. Yeast recently being evaluated affordable, non-toxic, natural product-based therapies. In present study, we an environment-friendly inexpensive method carotenoid production yeasts, utilizing “mandi” wastes, investigated biomedical properties carotenoids, antineoplastic properties. Methods Vegetable waste was used prepare hydrolysate, a culture medium, in which oleaginous red Rhodosporidium sp. grown. Carotenoid pigments were extracted using solvent extraction analyzed by UV spectroscopy, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid (HPLC). Antimicrobial, antioxidant, activities extract evaluated, followed silico docking absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion/toxicity (ADME/T) studies. Results found be composed three main pigments-β-carotene, torulene, torularhodin. Extract exhibited significant antimicrobial, anti-breast vitro while biocompatible. Interestingly, better efficacy breast (TNBC) cells than ER+PR+ cells. evaluation predicted binding with cancer-specific molecular targets, specifically components showed good energy toward VEGF receptors drug likeliness properties, as less toxicity. Discussion This is first report on activities, targeting TNBC (β-carotene, torularhodin) produced via sustainable bioprocess hydrolysate.

Язык: Английский

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Antifungal therapy: Novel drug delivery strategies driven by new targets

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 199, С. 114967 - 114967

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Genetic Engineering in Bacteria, Fungi, and Oomycetes, Taking Advantage of CRISPR

DNA, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(4), С. 427 - 454

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Genetic engineering has revolutionized our ability to modify microorganisms for various applications in agriculture, medicine, and industry. This review examines recent advances genetic techniques bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, with a focus on CRISPR-Cas systems. In CRISPR-Cas9 enabled precise genome editing, enhancing antibiotic production metabolic engineering. For despite challenges associated their complex cell structures, CRISPR/Cas9 advanced the of enzymes secondary metabolites. significant plant pathogens, modified Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, CRISPR/Cas12a have contributed developing disease-resistant crops. provides comparative analysis efficiencies across these addresses ethical regulatory considerations. Future research directions include refining tools improve efficiency expand applicability non-model organisms. comprehensive overview highlights transformative potential microbiology its implications addressing global biotechnology.

Язык: Английский

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