Drug
resistance
remains
the
greatest
challenge
in
improving
outcomes
for
cancer
patients
who
receive
chemotherapy
and
targeted
therapy.
Surmounting
evidence
suggests
that
a
subpopulation
of
cells
could
escape
intense
selective
drug
treatment
by
entering
drug-tolerant
state
without
genetic
variations.
These
(DTCs)
are
characterized
with
slow
proliferation
rate
reversible
phenotype.
They
reside
tumor
region
may
serve
as
reservoir
resistant
phenotypes.
The
survival
DTCs
is
regulated
epigenetic
modifications,
transcriptional
regulation,
mRNA
translation
remodeling,
metabolic
changes,
antiapoptosis,
interactions
microenvironment,
activation
signaling
pathways.
Thus,
targeting
regulators
opens
new
avenue
therapy-resistant
tumors.
In
this
review,
we
first
provide
an
overview
common
characteristics
regulating
networks
development.
We
also
discuss
potential
therapeutic
opportunities
to
target
DTCs.
Last,
current
challenges
prospects
DTC-targeting
approach
overcome
acquired
resistance.
Reviewing
latest
developments
DTC
research
be
essential
discovering
methods
eliminate
DTCs,
which
represent
novel
strategy
preventing
future.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024
Abstract
Cancer
treatment
faces
many
hurdles
and
resistance
is
one
among
them.
Anti-cancer
strategies
are
evolving
due
to
innate
acquired
capacity,
governed
by
genetic,
epigenetic,
proteomic,
metabolic,
or
microenvironmental
cues
that
ultimately
enable
selected
cancer
cells
survive
progress
under
unfavorable
conditions.
Although
the
mechanism
of
drug
being
widely
studied
generate
new
target-based
drugs
with
better
potency
than
existing
ones.
However,
broader
flexibility
in
resistance,
advanced
therapeutic
options
efficacy
need
be
explored.
Combination
therapy
an
alternative
a
success
rate
though
risk
amplified
side
effects
commonplace.
Moreover,
recent
groundbreaking
precision
immune
ways
overcome
has
revolutionized
anticancer
greater
extent
only
limitation
individual-specific
needs
further
attention.
This
review
will
focus
on
challenges
opted
withstand
current
therapies
at
molecular
level
also
highlights
emerging
-like
immunological,
stem
cell-based
may
prove
have
potential
challenge
problem
resistance.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2023
Abstract
The
advent
of
immunotherapy,
a
groundbreaking
advancement
in
cancer
treatment,
has
given
rise
to
the
prominence
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
as
critical
area
research.
clinical
implications
an
improved
understanding
TME
are
significant
and
far-reaching.
Radiomics
been
increasingly
utilized
comprehensive
assessment
prognosis.
Similarly,
pathomics,
which
is
based
on
pathological
images,
can
offer
additional
insights
into
panoramic
view
microscopic
information
tumors.
combination
pathomics
radiomics
revolutionized
concept
“digital
biopsy”.
As
genomics
transcriptomics
continue
evolve,
integrating
with
genomic
transcriptomic
datasets
further
heterogeneity
establish
correlations
biological
significance.
Therefore,
synergistic
analysis
digital
image
features
(radiomics,
pathomics)
genetic
phenotypes
(genomics)
comprehensively
decode
characterize
well
predict
This
review
presents
summary
research
important
biomarkers
for
predicting
TME,
emphasizing
interplay
between
radiomics,
genomics,
transcriptomics,
application
multiomics
decoding
Finally,
we
discuss
challenges
opportunities
In
conclusion,
this
highlights
crucial
role
associations
combined
promising
direction
substantial
significance
value
evaluation
prognosis
assessment.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(13), С. 2478 - 2478
Опубликована: Июль 7, 2024
The
rise
of
drug
resistance
in
cancer
cells
presents
a
formidable
challenge
modern
oncology,
necessitating
the
exploration
innovative
therapeutic
strategies.
This
review
investigates
latest
advancements
overcoming
mechanisms
employed
by
cells,
focusing
on
emerging
modalities.
intricate
molecular
insights
into
resistance,
including
genetic
mutations,
efflux
pumps,
altered
signaling
pathways,
and
microenvironmental
influences,
are
discussed.
Furthermore,
promising
avenues
offered
targeted
therapies,
combination
treatments,
immunotherapies,
precision
medicine
approaches
highlighted.
Specifically,
synergistic
effects
combining
traditional
cytotoxic
agents
with
molecularly
inhibitors
to
circumvent
pathways
examined.
Additionally,
evolving
landscape
immunotherapeutic
interventions,
immune
checkpoint
adoptive
cell
is
explored
terms
bolstering
anti-tumor
responses
evasion
mechanisms.
Moreover,
significance
biomarker-driven
strategies
for
predicting
monitoring
treatment
underscored,
thereby
optimizing
outcomes.
For
future
direction
paradigms,
current
focused
prevailing
challenges
improving
patient
outcomes,
through
an
integrative
analysis
these
Colitis-associated
colorectal
cancer
(CAC)
frequently
develops
in
patients
with
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD)
who
have
been
exposed
to
a
prolonged
state
of
chronic
inflammation.
The
investigation
pharmacological
agents
and
their
mechanisms
prevent
precancerous
lesions
inhibit
progression
remains
significant
focus
challenge
CAC
research.
Previous
studies
demonstrated
that
vitexin
effectively
mitigates
CAC,
however,
its
precise
mechanism
action
warrants
further
exploration.
This
study
reveals
the
absence
Vitamin
D
receptor
(VDR)
accelerates
from
colitis
cancer.
Our
findings
indicate
can
specifically
target
VDR
protein,
facilitating
translocation
into
cell
nucleus
exert
transcriptional
activity.
Additionally,
through
co-culture
model
macrophages
cells,
we
observed
promotes
polarization
towards
M1
phenotype,
process
is
dependent
on
VDR.
Furthermore,
ChIP-seq
analysis
revealed
regulates
activation
phenazine
biosynthesis-like
domain
protein
(PBLD)
via
ChIP
assays
dual
luciferase
reporter
were
employed
identify
functional
PBLD
regulatory
region,
confirming
VDR/PBLD
pathway
critical
for
vitexin-mediated
regulation
macrophage
polarization.
Finally,
mouse
myeloid
gene
knockout,
found
protective
effects
abolished
mid-stage
CAC.
In
summary,
our
establishes
targets
modulates
pathway,
thereby
alleviating
transition
Clinical Epigenetics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024
Abstract
DNA
methylation
is
a
pivotal
epigenetic
modification
that
affects
gene
expression.
Tumor
immune
microenvironment
(TIME)
comprises
diverse
cells
and
stromal
components,
creating
complex
landscape
can
either
promote
or
inhibit
tumor
progression.
In
the
TIME,
has
been
shown
to
play
critical
role
in
influencing
cell
function
evasion.
regulates
differentiation,
responses,
TIME
composition
Targeting
offers
various
potential
avenues
for
enhancing
cytotoxicity
reducing
immunosuppression.
Recent
studies
have
demonstrated
of
patterns
infiltration
function.
However,
challenges
persist
understanding
precise
mechanisms
underlying
developing
selective
therapies,
effectively
integrating
these
therapies
with
other
antitumor
strategies.
conclusion,
both
interacts
thus
clinical
efficacy.
The
regulation
within
holds
significant
promise
advancement
immunotherapy.
Addressing
crucial
harnessing
full
interventions
enhance
responses
improve
patient
outcomes.
Metabolic
alterations,
a
hallmark
of
cancer,
enable
tumor
cells
to
adapt
their
environment
by
modulating
glucose,
lipid,
and
amino
acid
metabolism,
which
fuels
rapid
growth
contributes
treatment
resistance.
In
primary
breast
metabolic
shifts
such
as
the
Warburg
effect
enhanced
lipid
synthesis
are
closely
linked
chemotherapy
failure.
Similarly,
metastatic
lesions
often
display
distinct
profiles
that
not
only
sustain
but
also
confer
resistance
targeted
therapies
immunotherapies.
The
review
emphasizes
two
major
aspects:
mechanisms
driving
in
both
how
unique
environments
sites
further
complicate
treatment.
By
targeting
vulnerabilities
at
stages,
new
strategies
could
improve
efficacy
existing
provide
better
outcomes
for
cancer
patients.
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
42(1)
Опубликована: Май 23, 2023
Abstract
Cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
are
the
key
“seeds”
for
tumor
initiation
and
development,
metastasis,
recurrence.
Because
of
function
CSCs
in
development
progression,
research
this
field
has
intensified
viewed
as
a
new
therapeutic
target.
Exosomes
carrying
wide
range
DNA,
RNA,
lipids,
metabolites,
cytosolic
cell-surface
proteins
released
outside
originating
through
fusion
multivesicular
endosomes
or
bodies
with
plasma
membrane.
It
become
evident
that
CSC‐derived
exosomes
play
significant
role
almost
all
“hallmarks”
cancer.
For
example,
from
can
maintain
steady
state
self-renewal
microenvironment
regulate
microenvironmental
distant
to
help
cancer
escape
immune
surveillance
induce
tolerance.
However,
value
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
still
largely
undefined.
To
provide
an
overview
possible
targeting
strategies,
we
summarize
relevant
progress,
highlight
potential
impact
detecting
on
treatment,
discuss
opportunities
challenges
based
our
experience
insights
area.
A
more
thorough
understanding
characteristics
may
open
avenues
clinical
diagnostic/prognostic
tools
therapies
prevent
resistance
relapse.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2023
Oral
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(OSCC)
is
the
most
prevalent
malignancy
among
Head
and
Neck
cancer.
OSCCs
are
highly
inflammatory,
immune-suppressive,
aggressive
tumors.
Recent
sequencing
based
studies
demonstrated
involvement
of
different
oral
microbiota
in
cavity
diseases
leading
OSCC
carcinogenesis,
initiation
progression.
Researches
showed
that
can
activate
inflammatory
pathways
cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
associated
stemness
for
tumor
We
speculate
CSCs
their
niche
may
interact
with
microbiotas
to
promote
progression
stemness.
Certain
reported
be
involved
dysbiosis,
pre-cancerous
lesions,
development.
Identification
these
specific
including
Human
papillomavirus
(HPV),
Porphyromonas
gingivalis
(PG),
Fusobacterium
nucleatum
(FN)
provides
us
a
new
opportunity
study
bacteria/stem
cell,
as
well
bacteria/OSCC
interaction
initiation,
Importantly,
evidences
enabled
develop
in-vitro
in-vivo
models
defense
CSC
defense.
Thus
this
review,
role
has
been
explored
special
focus
on
how
induces
by
modulating
mucosal
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(2), С. 470 - 470
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024
Melanoma
is
the
third
most
common
type
of
skin
cancer,
characterized
by
its
heterogeneity
and
propensity
to
metastasize
distant
organs.
a
heterogeneous
tumor,
composed
genetically
divergent
subpopulations,
including
small
fraction
melanoma-initiating
cancer
stem-like
cells
(CSCs)
many
non-cancer
stem
(non-CSCs).
CSCs
are
their
unique
surface
proteins
associated
with
aberrant
signaling
pathways
causal
or
consequential
relationship
tumor
progression,
drug
resistance,
recurrence.
Melanomas
also
harbor
significant
alterations
in
functional
genes
(BRAF,
CDKN2A,
NRAS,
TP53,
NF1).
Of
these,
BRAF
NRAS
oncogenes,
50%
melanomas
demonstrating
mutation
(BRAF
