Early childhood appetitive traits and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence: a 10-year longitudinal follow-up study in the Netherlands and the UK

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(4), С. 270 - 279

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024

BackgroundObesity and eating disorders commonly co-occur might share common risk factors. Appetite avidity is an established neurobehavioural factor for obesity from early life, but the role of appetite in disorder susceptibility unclear. We aimed to examine longitudinal associations between appetitive traits childhood symptoms adolescence.MethodsIn this cohort study, we used data Generation R (based Rotterdam, Netherlands) Gemini England Wales). Appetitive at age 4–5 years were measured using parent-reported Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. At 12–14 years, adolescents self-reported on overeating (binge symptoms, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating) restrictive (compensatory behaviours restrained eating). Missing covariates imputed Multivariate Imputation via Chained Equations. Ordinal binary logistic regressions performed each separately adjusted confounders. Pooled results obtained by meta-analyses. Sensitivity analyses complete cases inverse probability weighting.FindingsThe final study sample included 2801 participants 869 Gemini. findings after meta-analyses showed that higher food responsiveness increased odds binge (odds ratio [OR]pooled 1·47, 95% CI 1·26–1·72), (1·33, 1·21–1·46), (1·26, 1·13–1·41), (1·16, 1·06–1·27), compensatory (1·18, 1·08–1·30) adolescence. Greater 1·06–1·33). By contrast, greater satiety decreased adolescence (0·89, 0·81–0·99) (0·86, 0·78–0·95) Slower (0·91, 0·84–0·99) (0·90, 0·83–0·98) No other observed.InterpretationIn was associated with a likelihood adolescence, whereas sensitivity slower lower some symptoms. children be factors for, or markers of, subsequent symptoms.FundingMQ Mental Health Research, Rosetrees Trust, ZonMw.

Язык: Английский

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Eating disorders in medical students: prevalence, risk factors, comparison with the general population

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

The main objectives were to investigate the prevalence of ED and associated risk factors among medical students in Romania, as well determine which variables may predict explore differences between general population. Eating Disorders Inventory questionnaire (EDI-3) was applied. Also, body mass index calculated, socio-demographic information regarding personal family history collected (mental chronic diseases, self-reported sleep difficulties past 6 months, obesity) potentially risky events (history ridicule, major negative events, social pressure be thin from family, friends, media). 37.1% are at eating disorders, 41% females 23% males, according EDI-3. 14.42% underweight, 65.05% normal weight, 16.99% overweight 3.53% obese. Compared nationally representative sample had significantly higher scores for all other psychological factors. Medical have a high developing ED, even than Several with risk, including female gender, experiencing sleeping difficulties, feelings media pressure, prior history, BMI, mental illness. regression analysis showed that is strong predictor risk.

Язык: Английский

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The current clinical approach to feeding and eating disorders aimed to increase personalization of management

World Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1), С. 4 - 31

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) are a heterogeneous grouping of at the mind-body interface, with typical onset from childhood into emerging adulthood. They occur along spectrum disordered compensatory weight management behaviors, low to high body weight. Psychiatric comorbidities norm. In contrast other major psychiatric disorders, first-line treatments for FEDs mainly psychological and/or nutrition-focused, medications playing minor adjunctive role. Patients, carers clinicians all have identified personalization treatment as priority. Yet, FEDs, evidence base supporting this is limited. Importantly, related behaviors can serious physical consequences may put patient's life risk. these cases, immediate safety risk considerations least period need be prioritized over efforts care. This paper systematically reviews several key domains that relevant characterization individual patient FED aimed management. These include symptom profile, clinical subtypes, severity, staging, complications consequences, antecedent concomitant conditions, social functioning quality life, neurocognition, cognition emotion, dysfunctional cognitive schemata, personality traits, family history, early environmental exposures, recent stigma, protective factors. Where possible, validated assessment measures use in practice identified. The limitations current pointed out, possible directions future research highlighted. also novel approaches providing more fine-grained sophisticated ways personalize such those utilize neurobiological markers. We additionally outline remote measurement technologies designed delineate patients' illness recovery trajectories facilitate development intervention approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Mitigating Harms of Social Media for Adolescent Body Image and Eating Disorders: A Review

Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 17, С. 2587 - 2601

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract: Social media has negative effects on adolescent body image and disordered eating behaviors, yet adolescents are unlikely to discontinue engaging with these platforms. Thus, it is important identify strategies that can reduce the harms of social mental health. This article reviews research image, discusses risks associated use. Topics covered include interventions aimed at mitigating media's impacts, body-positivity movement, policies regulating adolescents' Overall, this review highlights specific factors (such as staffing, duration, modality, facilitator training, cultural sensitivity) consider when designing implementing targeting adolescents. also psychosocial outcomes positivity media. Finally, policy efforts impact behaviors described. In sum, there a strong need conduct further identifying optimal approaches for behavior. Keywords: media, disorders, adolescent,

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiome Changes in Anorexia Nervosa: A Comprehensive Review

Pathophysiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(1), С. 68 - 88

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Anorexia nervosa (AN) remains a challenging condition in psychiatric management and its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. An imbalance the gut microbiota composition may contribute to pathophysiology. This review aims explore link between human AN (objective 1) or refeeding syndrome 2). The online databases MEDLINE PsycINFO were searched for relevant studies. A total of 14 studies met inclusion exclusion criteria only answered objective 1. 476 patients, 554 healthy-weight (HC) controls, 0 patients with other disorders included. Compared HC, there consistently reduced abundances Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Roseburia inulinivorans, increased Methanobrevibacter smithii, patients. Changes alpha diversity inconsistent, while beta four six Our model suggests that an leads short-chain fatty acids, contributing proinflammatory state AN, which also common comorbidities. Microbial changes semistarvation through endocrine altered energy utilization.

Язык: Английский

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The Relationship and Effects of Self-Esteem and Body Shape on Eating Disorder Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Chinese University Students

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(10), С. 1034 - 1034

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

Eating disorders (EDs) have become a global public health concern among adolescents and young adults. However, Chinese university students exhibit high prevalence of eating disorders. This study aims to investigate the effects self-esteem (SE) body shape (BS) on ED behaviors students. Using random sampling, 946 (aged 18 24, M = 19.94, SD 1.04) participated in survey comprising Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food Questionnaire (SCOFF-Q), Body Shape (BS-Q), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RS-S) assess their disorder or non-eating (NED) behavior. There was significant positive correlation between (r 0.19, p < 0.01), while there negative -0.14, 0.001 0.01). Gender moderating factor relationship (t 3.14, 0.002 parents' marital status behavior 2.72, 0.007 (z 6.47, -2.81, 0.005 0.05), gender 3.06, 0.01) significantly influenced aged 18-24 years. direct effect Alarmingly, female are becoming susceptible external influences shape, leading at an increasingly younger age China.

Язык: Английский

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New perspectives in functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: beyond late onset hypogonadism

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (FHH) is an increasingly frequent condition, whose pathological mechanisms are not yet fully clarified. The concept of FHH has now completely replaced that late onset hypogonadism, only concerned the ageing man. result impairment hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis (HPG-A) function, resulting in decreased testosterone concentrations associated with low or inappropriately normal gonadotropin levels and infertility; it can be diagnosed once organic causes excluded. growing occurrence derives from its association widespread conditions, such as obesity diabetes mellitus, but also to increasing ease frequency use several drugs, opioids, glucocorticoids, sex steroids. Moreover, given tendency many subjects excessive physical activity drastic reduction caloric intake, may secondary energy availability. Finally, HIV infection should overlooked. Therefore, there important variability diseases lead FHH. Despite heterogeneity underlying pathologies, leading would seem quite similar, initial event represented by at HPG-A level. Nevertheless, different biological pathways involved pathogenesis FHH, therefore aim current paper provide overview main relevant mechanisms, through a detailed analysis literature, focusing specifically on clinical, diagnostic therapeutic aspects.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of night eating syndrome and food addiction in esports players

European Journal of Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(5), С. 1695 - 1704

Опубликована: Март 23, 2024

Abstract Purpose Esports players’ training takes long periods and they sit for a time during competitions, which increases their risk of obesity urges them to develop inappropriate eating behaviors. In this study, we aimed investigate the night-eating syndrome food addiction in esports players. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 248 players who were members university’s community. The data collected using an online questionnaire consisting descriptive information form, Night Eating Questionnaire, Yale Food Addiction Scale. Results mean age sports participating 22.19 ± 5.97 years. Of them, 55.6% had normal body weight, 13.4% obese, 54.4% played 3 years or more, 13.3% experienced night syndrome, 21.4% addiction. While weekly duration playing skipping meals associated smoking ( p < 0.05). Additionally, although there no statistically significant difference, 2.12 times higher those poor perceived sleep quality. Conclusion We observed that very common these individuals at terms Since has more sedentary structure than traditional sports, suggest should be evaluated unhealthy behaviors disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Guided self-help treatment for children and young people with threshold and subthreshold eating disorders: A pilot study protocol

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(4), С. e0301606 - e0301606

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024

Background Prompt access to evidence-based treatment for children and young people with eating disorders is important outcomes, yet the gap in service provision remains pervasive. Record levels of are waiting disorder care limited. Guided self-help interventions that brief require minimal clinician support have potential meet unprecedented demand quickly effectively. Objective To examine feasibility, acceptability proof concept a novel, CBT guided intervention threshold subthreshold disorders. Methods A single-arm, proof-of-concept pilot study will be conducted. Children (aged 11–19) receive covering core components CBT, supported by 8 weekly guidance sessions delivered remotely. Clinical outcomes (eating-related psychopathology associated impairment, changes weight, depression, anxiety, behavioural difficulties) assessed at baseline post-intervention (12 weeks). Feasibility measured using various including adherence to, engagement intervention, rates recruitment retention, measure completion satisfaction. Qualitative data also collected future refinement. Discussion If shown produce clinical benefits this study, fully powered randomised warranted ultimate goal increasing psychological Administrative information This protocol (S1 File) adheres guidelines outlined Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) checklist trial protocols [1, 2] which can found S1 Checklist. The numbers parentheses correspond item SPIRIT checklist. order items has been modified group similar items.

Язык: Английский

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Disordered eating behaviors among a sample of final-year medical students at Cairo University and its relationship with alexithymia and social cognition

Middle East Current Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 32(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Abstract Background This study aims to estimate the risk of eating disorders and their related factors among final-year medical students. Additionally, present is assessing disordered behaviors relationship with alexithymia social cognition. Methods An approved descriptive cross-sectional was carried out at Cairo University’s Faculty Medicine from August 2021 December 2022. The participants were categorized into two distinct groups: Group A (students for disorders) B not disorders). All evaluated using Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Emotion Identification Test Ekman Program, Reading Mind in Eyes Test-revised version (RMET). Results total 370 students, both male female, participated study. included 136 students (37%), while consisted 234 (63%). Female exhibited a greater developing an disorder ( p = < 0.001). Students classified as displayed significantly elevated scores diminished cognition when compared counterparts without Conclusion Medical are more susceptible eating-related problems. Deficits potentiate disorders.

Язык: Английский

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