Metabolism of Dietary and Microbial Vitamin B Family in the Regulation of Host Immunity

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2019

Vitamins are micronutrients that have physiological effects on various biological responses, including host immunity. Therefore, vitamin deficiency leads to increased risk of developing infectious, allergic, and inflammatory diseases. Since B vitamins synthesized by plants, yeasts, bacteria, but not mammals, mammals must acquire from dietary or microbial sources, such as the intestinal microbiota. Similarly, some bacteria unable synthesize them diet other for their growth survival. This suggests composition function microbiota may affect usage and, extension, Here, we review immunological functions metabolism with respect control

Язык: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transplantation protects rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease mice via suppressing inflammation mediated by the lipopolysaccharide-TLR4 signaling pathway through the microbiota-gut-brain axis

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, displaying not only well-known motor deficits but also gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Consistently, it has been increasingly evident that gut microbiota affects the communication between and brain in PD pathogenesis, known as microbiota-gut-brain axis. As an approach to re-establishing normal community, fecal transplantation (FMT) exerted beneficial effects on recent studies. Here, this study, we established chronic rotenone-induced mouse model evaluate protective of FMT treatment explore underlying mechanisms, which proves involvement dysbiosis pathogenesis via axis.We demonstrated induced by rotenone administration caused function impairment poor behavioral performances mice. Moreover, 16S RNA sequencing identified increase bacterial genera Akkermansia Desulfovibrio samples By contrast, remarkably restored microbial thus ameliorating dysfunctions Further experiments revealed alleviated intestinal inflammation barrier destruction, reducing levels systemic inflammation. Subsequently, attenuated blood-brain (BBB) suppressed neuroinflammation substantia nigra (SN), further decreased damage dopaminergic neurons. Additional mechanistic investigation discovered reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) colon, serum, SN, thereafter suppressing TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway its downstream pro-inflammatory products both SN colon.Our current study demonstrates can correct ameliorate model, suppression mediated LPS-TLR4 possibly plays significant role. Further, prove involved genesis Video abstract.

Язык: Английский

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Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in Parkinson’s Disease

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 45, С. 53 - 61

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics Regulate Gut Microbiota: An Effective Method to Improve Immunity

Molecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(19), С. 6076 - 6076

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2021

Probiotics are beneficial active microorganisms that colonize the human intestines and change composition of flora in particular parts host. Recently, use probiotics to regulate intestinal improve host immunity has received widespread attention. Recent evidence shown play significant roles gut microbiota composition, which can inhibit colonization pathogenic bacteria intestine, help build a healthy mucosa protective layer, enhance immune system. Based on close relationship between immunity, it become an extremely effective way by regulating microbiome with probiotics. In this review, we discussed influence probiotics, microbiota, life quality. We further emphasized regulation microflora through thereby enhancing improving people’s lives.

Язык: Английский

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Precision Nutrition and the Microbiome, Part I: Current State of the Science

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(4), С. 923 - 923

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2019

The gut microbiota is a highly complex community which evolves and adapts to its host over lifetime. It has been described as virtual organ owing the myriad of functions it performs, including production bioactive metabolites, regulation immunity, energy homeostasis protection against pathogens. These activities are dependent on quantity quality alongside metabolic potential, dictated by number factors, diet genetics. In this regard, microbiome malleable varies significantly from host. two features render candidate ‘organ’ for possibility precision microbiomics—the use biomarker predict responsiveness specific dietary constituents generate diets interventions optimal health. With in mind, two-part review investigates current state science terms influence components subsequent consequences health status, along with opportunities modulate improved potential components. particular, Part I, we examine development birth role We investigate poor-quality relation infection inflammation discuss diet-derived microbial metabolites negatively impact look at shaping components, namely protein, fat carbohydrates, composition.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal Flora and Disease Mutually Shape the Regional Immune System in the Intestinal Tract

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2020

The intestinal tract is the largest digestive organ in human body. It colonized by, and consistently exposed to, a myriad of microorganisms, including bifidobacteria, lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, enterococcus, clostridium perfringens, pseudomonas. To protect body from potential pathogens, has evolved regional immune characteristics. These characteristics are defined by its unique structure, function, microenvironment, which differ drastically those common central peripheral organs. microenvironment created flora products significantly affects function region. In turn, specific diseases regulate influence composition flora. A constant interplay occurs between system. Further, can be reconstructed probiotic use or microbiota transplantation, functioning to recalibrate homeostasis, while also contributing treatment amelioration diseases. this review, we summarize relationship occurrence development as an in-turn effect on immunity. We discuss improved it relates non-specific proliferation, differentiation secretion cells, within region following remodeling means ameliorate treat Finally, suggest strategies for utilization

Язык: Английский

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Microplastics and the gut microbiome: How chronically exposed species may suffer from gut dysbiosis

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 143, С. 193 - 203

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Interplay among gut microbiota, intestinal mucosal barrier and enteric neuro-immune system: a common path to neurodegenerative diseases?

Acta Neuropathologica, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 136(3), С. 345 - 361

Опубликована: Май 24, 2018

Язык: Английский

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The Immunomodulatory Functions of Butyrate

Journal of Inflammation Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер Volume 14, С. 6025 - 6041

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2021

Abstract: The gastrointestinal (GI) system contains many different types of immune cells, making it a key organ in the human body. In last decade, our knowledge has substantially expanded regarding understanding gut microbiome and its complex interaction with system. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA), specifically butyrate, play an important role mediating effects on local systemic immunity. Gut microbial alterations depletion luminal butyrate have been well documented literature for number GI inflammatory disorders. Although substantial gap exists requiring need further investigations to determine cause effect, there is heightened interest developing immunomodulatory therapies by means reprogramming or supplementing beneficial metabolites, such as butyrate. current review, we discuss endogenous response maintaining homeostasis within intestine. We also present experimental models studies which explore therapeutic potential supplementation conditions associated depletion. Keywords: short acids, microbiome, microbiota, dysbiosis, inflammation, immunity, innate adaptive epithelial barrier, bowel disease

Язык: Английский

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Interactions between probiotics and pathogenic microorganisms in hosts and foods: A review

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 95, С. 205 - 218

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2019

Язык: Английский

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