PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
18(5), С. e0285346 - e0285346
Опубликована: Май 24, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
that
causes
gradual
memory
loss.
AD
and
its
prodromal
stage
of
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI)
are
marked
by
significant
gut
microbiome
perturbations,
also
known
as
dysbiosis.
However,
the
direction
extent
dysbiosis
have
not
been
elucidated.
Therefore,
we
performed
meta-analysis
systematic
review
16S
studies
to
gain
insights
into
in
MCI.We
searched
MEDLINE,
Scopus,
EMBASE,
EBSCO,
Cochrane
for
published
between
Jan
1,
2010
Mar
31,
2022.
This
study
has
two
outcomes:
primary
secondary.
The
outcomes
explored
changes
α-diversity
relative
abundance
microbial
taxa,
which
were
analyzed
using
variance-weighted
random-effects
model.
secondary
focused
on
qualitatively
summarized
β-diversity
ordination
linear
discriminant
analysis
effect
sizes.
risk
bias
was
assessed
methodology
appropriate
included
case-control
studies.
geographic
cohorts'
heterogeneity
examined
subgroup
meta-analyses
if
sufficient
reported
outcome.
protocol
registered
with
PROSPERO
(CRD42022328141).Seventeen
679
MCI
patients
632
controls
identified
analyzed.
cohort
61.9%
female
mean
age
71.3±6.9
years.
shows
an
overall
decrease
species
richness
microbiome.
phylum
Bacteroides
consistently
higher
US
cohorts
(standardised
difference
[SMD]
0.75,
95%
confidence
interval
[CI]
0.37
1.13,
p
<
0.01)
lower
Chinese
(SMD
-0.79,
CI
-1.32
-0.25,
0.01).
Moreover,
Phascolarctobacterium
genus
shown
increase
significantly,
but
only
during
stage.Notwithstanding
possible
confounding
from
polypharmacy,
our
findings
show
relevance
diet
lifestyle
pathophysiology.
Our
presents
evidence
region-specific
Bacteroides,
major
constituent
subjects
initiated
stage.
can
facilitate
early
diagnosis
intervention
perhaps
other
disorders.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(3), С. 461 - 461
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024
Blastocystis
is
the
most
common
gastrointestinal
protist
found
in
humans
and
animals.
Although
clinical
significance
of
remains
unclear,
organism
increasingly
being
viewed
as
a
commensal
member
gut
microbiome.
However,
its
impact
on
microbiome
still
debated.
It
unclear
whether
promotes
healthy
directly
or
it
more
likely
to
colonize
persist
environment.
In
people,
frequently
associated
with
increased
bacterial
diversity
significant
differences
Based
current
knowledge,
not
possible
determine
are
cause
result
colonization.
that
some
aspects
this
eukaryote’s
role
intestinal
remain
unknown
effects
vary,
possibly
due
subtype
intra-subtype
variations
immune
modulation,
research
needed
characterize
these
mechanisms
greater
detail.
This
review
covers
recent
findings
autoimmune
diseases,
has
like
bacteria
gut–brain
axis,
relationship
probiotics.
Alzheimer s & Dementia,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
19(9), С. 4204 - 4225
Опубликована: Май 23, 2023
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Individuals
living
in
rural
communities
are
at
heightened
risk
for
Alzheimer's
disease
and
related
dementias
(ADRD),
which
parallels
other
persistent
place‐based
health
disparities.
Identifying
multiple
potentially
modifiable
factors
specific
to
areas
that
contribute
ADRD
is
an
essential
first
step
understanding
the
complex
interplay
between
various
barriers
facilitators.
METHODS
An
interdisciplinary,
international
group
of
researchers
convened
address
overarching
question
of:
“What
can
be
done
begin
minimizing
disparities
uniquely
ADRD?”
In
this
state
science
appraisal,
we
explore
what
known
about
biological,
behavioral,
sociocultural,
environmental
influences
on
settings.
RESULTS
A
range
individual,
interpersonal,
community
were
identified,
including
strengths
residents
facilitating
healthy
aging
lifestyle
interventions.
DISCUSSION
location
dynamics
model
ADRD‐focused
future
directions
offered
guiding
practitioners,
researchers,
policymakers
mitigating
HIGHLIGHTS
Rural
face
dementia
(ADRD)
risks
burdens
due
Defining
unique
facilitators
cognitive
yields
insight.
The
resilience
mitigate
ADRD‐related
challenges.
novel
“location
dynamics”
guides
assessment
rural‐specific
issues.
The
host-intestinal
microbiome
interaction
has
gained
much
scientific
attention
in
the
past
two
decades,
boosted
by
advances
DNA
sequencing
and
cultivation
techniques.
An
accumulating
amount
of
evidence
shows
that
gut
microbes
play
crucial
roles
homeostasis,
immune
system
education,
are
associated
with
quality-of-life
indicators.
Beneficial
health
factors
digestion
dietary
fibres
colon
subsequent
production
short-chain
fatty
acids,
including
acetate,
propionate,
butyrate.
Frontiers in Psychology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023
In
recent
years,
it
has
been
described
that
the
dysbiosis
of
intestinal
microbiota
plays
a
transcendental
role
in
several
pathologies.
this
sense,
importance
gut
gut-brain
axis,
with
bidirectional
communication,
demonstrated.
Furthermore,
linked
mood
disorders
and
neuropsychiatric
disorders.A
systematic
review
two
databases
-
PubMed
Scopus
was
carried
out
following
PRISMA
guidelines.
We
included
original
studies
humans
control
group
published
last
11
which
were
assessed
by
Critical
Appraisal
Skills
Program
(CASP)
to
confirm
their
quality.
Eighteen
articles
met
all
selection
criteria.A
revealed
an
association
between
psychiatric
different
bacterial
phyla.
The
we
have
reviewed
demonstrated
differences
subjects
controls
highlight
clear
relationship
depression,
stress,
autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD),
psychotic
episodes,
eating
disorders,
anxiety
brain
function
composition.A
reduction
fermentative
taxa
observed
resulting
decrease
production
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
increase
pro-inflammatory
taxa,
both
may
be
consequences
exacerbation
these
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
29(S1), С. 98 - 114
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023
Abstract
Aims
Clear
roles
and
mechanisms
in
explaining
gut
microbial
dysbiosis
metabolites
short‐chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
alterations
chronic
cerebral
ischemic
pathogenesis
have
yet
to
be
explored.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
hypoperfusion
(CCH)‐induced
microbiota
metabolic
profiles
of
SCFAs
as
well
the
effects
fecal
transplantation
(FMT)
treatment
on
CCH‐induced
hippocampal
neuronal
injury.
Methods
Bilateral
common
carotid
artery
occlusion
(BCCAo)
was
used
establish
CCH
model.
Gut
feces
hippocampus
were
evaluated
by
16S
ribosomal
RNA
sequencing
gas
chromatography–mass
spectrometry.
analysis
performed
tissues.
The
potential
molecular
pathways
differential
genes
verified
through
western
blot,
immunoprecipitation,
immunofluorescence,
ELISA.
Cognitive
function
assessed
via
Morris
water
maze
test.
Ultrastructures
mitochondria
synapses
tested
a
transmission
electron
microscope.
Results
Chronic
induced
decreased
acetic
propionic
acid
reduced
acid,
which
reversed
after
FMT
administration
changing
community
structure
compositions.
Furthermore,
hippocampus,
replenishment
exerted
anti‐neuroinflammatory
inhibiting
microglial
astrocytic
activation
switching
phenotype
from
M1
toward
M2.
Moreover,
alleviated
loss
microglia‐mediated
synaptic
maintained
normal
process
vesicle
fusion
release,
resulting
improvement
plasticity.
addition,
supplement
prevented
oxidative
phosphorylation
dysfunction
mitochondrial
reprogramming.
above
led
inhibition
cognitive
impairment.
Conclusion
Our
findings
highlight
would
feasible
microbiota‐based
strategy
mitigate
ischemia‐induced
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
211, С. 111787 - 111787
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
that
affects
millions
of
people
worldwide.
Growing
evidence
suggests
the
gut
microbiome
(GM)
plays
pivotal
role
in
pathogenesis
AD
through
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
(MGB).
Alterations
GM
composition
and
diversity
have
been
observed
both
animal
models
human
patients
with
AD.
dysbiosis
has
implicated
increased
intestinal
permeability,
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
impairment,
neuroinflammation
development
hallmarks
Further
elucidation
could
pave
way
for
holistic
predictive
methods
determining
risk
progression
disease.
Furthermore,
accumulating
modulation
alleviate
adverse
symptoms
or
serve
as
preventive
measure.
In
addition,
increasing
shows
Type
2
Diabetes
Mellitus
(T2DM)
often
comorbid
AD,
common
alterations
inflammatory
response,
which
chart
GM-related
treatment
interventions
diseases.
We
conclude
by
exploring
therapeutic
potential
alleviating
reducing
risk.
we
also
propose
future
directions
research,
namely
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
precision
medicine.
Experimental Gerontology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
194, С. 112497 - 112497
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024
The
gut
microbiome
plays
a
crucial
role
in
host
health
throughout
the
lifespan
by
influencing
brain
function
during
aging.
microbial
diversity
of
human
decreases
aging
process
and,
as
consequence,
several
mechanisms
increase,
such
oxidative
stress,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
inflammatory
response,
and
dysbiosis.
Moreover,
evidence
indicates
that
neurodegeneration
are
closely
related;
consequently,
may
serve
novel
marker
elderly.
In
this
narrative
study,
we
investigated
how
changes
composition
occur
influence
to
various
neuropathological
disorders,
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI),
dementia,
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD);
which
possible
govern
relationship
between
impairment.
addition,
studies
suggest
be
potential
target
improve
hallmarks
promote
healthy
cognition;
therefore,
current
future
therapeutic
interventions
have
been
also
reviewed.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2023
Humans
and
animals
are
evolved
to
have
instinctive
physiological
responses
threats.
The
perception
of
threat
by
the
brain
triggers
a
multitude
changes
across
body.
A
large
body
research
demonstrated
that
our
hardwired
survival
instinct,
stress
response,
can
become
maladaptive
promote
major
depressive
disorders
other
neuropsychiatric
impairments.
However,
gaps
in
understanding
how
chronic
contributes
depression
mental
suggest
we
also
need
consider
factors
beyond
biology
host.
unravelling
structure
function
microorganisms
humans
host
driven
paradigm
shift
individual
as
collective
network
composed
plus
microbes.
Well
over
90%
bacteria
reside
intestines,
these
microbes
lower
gut
almost
like
an
organ
way
it
interacts
with
Importantly,
bidirectional
interactions
between
microbiota
(i.e.,
two-way
microbiota-gut-brain
axis)
been
implicated
pathophysiology
including
depression.
Here,
summarizing
emerging
literature,
envisage
further
particularly
on
efferent
brain-gut-microbiota
axis
will
uncover
transformative
links
