Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(5), С. 393 - 393

Опубликована: Май 8, 2024

Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, implantation of these is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% nosocomial infections (NIs) linked biofilms. The main complication ability microorganisms adhere surfaces form biofilms which protect them help persist host. Indeed, crossing skin barrier, insertion VC inevitably allows flora or accidental environmental contaminants access underlying tissues cause fatal complications like bloodstream (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate 12 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated tract (CA-UTIs) most commonlyhospital-acquired (HAIs) worldwide.These represent up 40% NIs.In this review, we present summary biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview two important clinical settings medical devices, namely catheter-asociated (CA-BSIs) (CA-UTIs), highlight also multidrug resistant bacteria implicated infections. Furthermore, draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, advanced antimicrobial antifouling approaches developed reduce bacterial colonization on catheter incidence catheter-related

Язык: Английский

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Ampicillin-resistant bacterial pathogens targeted chitosan nano-drug delivery system (CS-AMP-P-ZnO) for combinational antibacterial treatment

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 237, С. 124129 - 124129

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Update on Urinary Tract Infection Antibiotic Resistance—A Retrospective Study in Females in Conjunction with Clinical Data

Life, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1), С. 106 - 106

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a frequent pathology among the female population that has become more and difficult to treat in past decade, considering increase antibiotic resistance—a serious global public health problem. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted for six months report an update regarding rates of resistance susceptibility uropathogens necessary optimal treatment. total 5487 patients were screened, which 524 (9.54%) who met criteria inclusion study. Escherichia coli most common pathogen, representing 290 cases (55.34%), followed by Enterococcus spp. 82 (15.64%). presented highest amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (R = 33.1%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 32.41%) levofloxacin 32.06%). The sensitivity observed fosfomycin (S 96.55%), imipenem 93.1%). showed 50.0%), penicillin 39.02%). 90.24%), linezolid 89.02%), nitrofurantoin 86.58%). second Gram-negative uropathogen represented Klebsiella spp., had 35.89%), 25.64) trimethoprim-suflamethoxazole 24.35%). frequently associated episode UTI previous year, diabetes chronic kidney disease. Antibiotic is problem all clinicians UTIs. An up-to-date knowledge major necessity stop its evolution. Overall, aminopenicillins, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. best fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, carbapenems. Our aims guide whenever they are forced prescribe antibiotics empirically.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence, regional distribution, and trends of antimicrobial resistance among female outpatients with urine Klebsiella spp. isolates: a multicenter evaluation in the United States between 2011 and 2019

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance research in uncomplicated urinary tract infection typically focuses on the main causative pathogen, Escherichia coli ; however, little is known about antimicrobial burden of Klebsiella species, which can also cause infections. This retrospective cohort study assessed prevalence and geographic distribution among species trends for K. pneumoniae United States (2011–2019). Methods oxytoca urine isolates (30-day, non-duplicate) female outpatients (aged ≥ 12 years) with presumed uUTI at 304 centers were classified by phenotype(s): not susceptible to nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, or fluoroquinolone, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive/not susceptible; multidrug-resistant based 2 3 phenotypes. census division age, as well over time using generalized estimating equations. Results 270,552 evaluated (250,719 19,833 ). The most frequent phenotypes 2019 nitrofurantoin ( species: 54.0%; : 57.3%; 15.1%) trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 10.4%; 10.6%; 8.6%). Extended-spectrum was 5.4%, 5.3%, 6.8%, respectively. phenotype varied p < 0.0001) geographically increased (except phenotype, stable > 50% throughout). Conclusions There a high increasing from infection. Awareness helps optimize empiric treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Beta-lactamase determinants and molecular typing of carbapenem-resistant classic and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from southwest of Iran

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2022

This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant classic

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Portugal

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(11), С. 1613 - 1613

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2022

While antibiotic resistance is rising to dangerously high levels, mechanisms are spreading globally among diverse bacterial species. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, mainly due the production antibiotic-inactivating enzymes, currently responsible for most treatment failures, threatening effectiveness classes antibiotics used decades. This study assessed presence genetic determinants β-lactam in 102 multi-drug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae isolates from patients admitted two central hospitals northern Portugal 2010 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed a rate (>90%) antibiotics, except carbapenems and cephamycins, which showed antimicrobial rates range 23.5−34.3% 40.2−68.6%, respectively. A pool determinants, including carbapenemases- (i.e., blaKPC-like blaOXA-48-like), extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL; i.e., blaTEM-like, blaCTX-M-like blaSHV-like), AmpC β-lactamases-coding genes blaCMY-2-like blaDHA-like) were found isolates. (72.5%) ESBL (37.3−74.5%) detected, with approximately 80% presenting or more genes. As optimal β-lactamase-producing infections remains problematic, co-occurrence multiple must be seen as serious warning problem resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Bacteriogenic synthesis of morphologically diverse silver nanoparticles and their assessment for methyl orange dye removal and antimicrobial activity

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12, С. e17328 - e17328

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Nanotechnology and nanoparticles have gained massive attention in the scientific community recent years due to their valuable properties. Among various AgNPs synthesis methods, microbial approaches offer distinct advantages terms of cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, eco-friendliness. In present research work, investigators synthesized three different types silver (AgNPs), namely AgNPs-K, AgNPs-M, AgNPs-E, by using Klebsiella pneumoniae (MBC34), Micrococcus luteus (MBC23), Enterobacter aerogenes (MBX6), respectively. The morphological, chemical, elemental features were analyzed UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) energy-dispersive (EDX). absorbance peaks obtained at 475, 428, 503 nm for XRD analysis confirmed crystalline nature AgNPs, having 26.2°, 32.1°, 47.2°. At same time, FTIR showed bands 599, 963, 1,693, 2,299, 2,891, 3,780 cm −1 all indicating presence bacterial biomolecules with developed AgNPs. size morphology varied from 10 several microns exhibited spherical porous sheets-like structures. percentage Ag 37.8% (wt.%) 61.6%, i.e ., highest AgNPs-K lowest AgNPs-M. Furthermore, potential environmental remediation, AgNPs-M exhibiting removal efficiency (19.24% 120 min) methyl orange dye simulated wastewater. Further, evaluated wastewater, where was 19.24% min Antibacterial assessment against both Gram-positive (GPB) Bacillus subtilis B. cereus (MBC24), Gram-negative bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MBP13) revealed promising results, largest zone inhibition (12 mm) GPB megaterium . Such investigation exhibits diverse applications remediation antibacterial therapy-based

Язык: Английский

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Interactions and Implications of Klebsiella pneumoniae with Human Immune Responses and Metabolic Pathways: A Comprehensive Review

Infection and Drug Resistance, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 17, С. 449 - 462

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K. ), a significant contributor to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance, is not only ubiquitous component human microbiome but also potent pathogen capable causing spectrum diseases. This review provides thorough analysis intricate interactions between and immune system, elucidating its substantial impact on metabolic processes. We explore mechanisms employed by evade manipulate responses, including molecular mimicry, modulation, biofilm formation. The further investigates bacterium ' s influence pathways, particularly glycolysis, highlighting how these exacerbate disease severity. emergence multidrug-resistant extremely drug-resistant strains within Enterobacteriaceae family has heightened public health crisis, underscoring urgency for comprehensive research. investigate roles host's complement autophagy, cell death mechanisms, various cytokines in combating infections, shedding light areas that warrant academic investigation. Additionally, discusses challenges posed K1- K2-capsule polysaccharides vaccine development due their complex structures adhesive properties. Acknowledging limited availability effective antimicrobials, this advocates exploring alternative approaches such as immunotherapeutics, vaccinations, phage therapy. consolidate current knowledge , covering classical non-classical subtypes, antimicrobial resistance-mediated genes, virulence factors, epidemiological trends isolation resistance rates. advances our understanding underscores imperative ongoing research collaborative efforts develop new prevention treatment strategies against formidable pathogen. Keywords: pathogenic mechanism, drug-resistant, strategy

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates in a Multi-Profile Hospital over 5 Years (2017–2021)

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(6), С. 2414 - 2414

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

In recent years, we have witnessed a growing drug resistance among bacteria, which is associated with the use and availability of an increasing number broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, as well their irrational excessive use. The present study aims to analyze changes in Gram-negative Enterobacterales: Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae, isolated from infections multi-profile hospital over five years (from 2017 2021). Among practical outcomes evaluation these data will be possibility determining susceptibility antibiotics used hospital. turn, this help propose new therapeutic options, especially for empirical therapy that necessary severe infections. analysis individual groups allowed identification causes bacilli. highest whose etiological agent was K. pneumoniae ESBL(+) E. observed 2018. analyzed five-year period, multi-resistant (MDR) strains increased successively, seems related use, pandemic antibiotics, mainly penicillins inhibitors, third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems.

Язык: Английский

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Classification and prediction of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with different MLST allelic profiles via SERS spectral analysis

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11, С. e16161 - e16161

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023

The Gram-negative non-motile Klebsiella pneuomoniae is currently a major cause of hospital-acquired (HA) and community-acquired (CA) infections, leading to great public health concern globally, while rapid identification accurate tracing the pathogenic bacterium essential in facilitating monitoring controlling K. pneumoniae outbreak dissemination. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) commonly used approach with low cost that able distinguish bacterial isolates based on allelic profiles several housekeeping genes, despite resolution labor intensity method. Core-genome MLST scheme (cgMLST) recently proposed sub-type monitor outbreaks strains high reliability, which uses hundreds or thousands genes conserved all most members species. However, method complex requires whole genome sequencing costs. Therefore, it urgently needed develop novel methods for typing. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) rapid, sensitive cheap identification. Previous studies confirmed classification prediction via SERS spectral analysis correlated well results. there no similar comparative strains. In this pilot study, 16 different typings (STs) were selected phylogenetic tree was constructed core analysis. spectra (N = 45/each strain) generated strains, then comparatively classified predicted six representative machine learning (ML) algorithms. According results, technique coupled ML algorithm support vector (SVM) could achieve highest accuracy (5-Fold Cross Validation 100%) terms differentiating predicting consistent corresponding MLSTs. sum, we show study SERS-SVM accurately predict types, has application potential clinical settings dissemination hospitals communities costs rapidity.

Язык: Английский

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