Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
Microbial
biofilms
are
complex
three‐dimensional
structures
where
sessile
microbes
embedded
in
a
polymeric
extracellular
matrix.
Their
resistance
toward
the
host
immune
system
as
well
to
diverse
range
of
antimicrobial
treatments
poses
serious
health
and
development
threat,
being
top
10
global
public
threats
declared
by
World
Health
Organization.
In
an
effort
combat
biofilm‐related
microbial
infections,
several
strategies
have
been
developed
independently
eliminate
or
complement
conventional
antibiotic
therapies.
However,
their
limitations
leave
room
for
other
treatment
alternatives,
application
nanotechnology
biofilm
eradication
has
gained
significant
relevance
recent
years.
small
size,
penetration
efficiency,
design
flexibility
that
they
present
makes
them
promising
alternative
infection
treatment,
although
also
set‐backs.
This
review
aims
describe
main
possibilities
nanomedicine
against
biofilms,
while
covering
aspects
formation
study,
current
therapies
treatment.
article
is
categorized
under:
Therapeutic
Approaches
Drug
Discovery
>
Nanomedicine
Infectious
Disease
Toxicology
Regulatory
Issues
Nanomaterials
Policy
ACS Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(3), С. 394 - 422
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023
In
a
previous
development
stage,
mostly
individual
antibacterial
activity
was
target
in
the
optimization
of
biologically
active
compounds
and
antiseptic
agents.
Although
this
targeting
is
still
valuable,
new
trend
has
appeared
since
discovery
superhigh
resistance
bacterial
cells
upon
their
aggregation
into
groups.
Indeed,
it
now
well
established
that
great
majority
pathogenic
germs
are
found
environment
as
surface-associated
microbial
communities
called
biofilms.
The
protective
properties
biofilms
resistance,
even
to
high
concentrations
biocides,
cause
many
chronic
infections
medical
settings
lead
serious
economic
losses
various
areas.
A
paradigm
shift
from
also
affecting
more
complex
cellular
frameworks
taking
place
involves
multiple
strategies
for
combating
with
effective
at
different
stages
microbiome
formation.
Quaternary
ammonium
(QACs)
play
key
role
these
treatments
prophylactic
techniques
on
basis
both
use
agents
combination
technologies.
review,
we
summarize
literature
data
effectiveness
using
commercially
available
newly
synthesized
QACs,
synergistic
treatment
based
them.
As
an
important
focus,
developing
applying
antimicrobial
coatings
prevent
formation
surfaces
over
time
discussed.
information
analyzed
review
will
be
useful
researchers
engineers
working
fields,
including
generation
applied
materials;
understanding
biofilm
surface
growth;
conducting
research
medical,
pharmaceutical,
materials
sciences.
regular
studies
widely
conducted,
promising
evaluate
antibiofilm
comprehensive
study
order
meet
current
requirements
highly
needed
practical
applications.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023
Biofilms
are
ubiquitous
in
healthcare
settings.
By
nature,
biofilms
less
susceptible
to
antimicrobials
and
associated
with
healthcare-associated
infections
(HAI).
Resistance
of
biofilm
is
multifactorial
the
presence
a
matrix
composed
extracellular
polymeric
substances
eDNA,
being
major
contributing
factor.
The
usual
multispecies
composition
environmental
can
also
impact
on
antimicrobial
efficacy.
In
settings,
two
main
types
present:
hydrated
biofilms,
for
example,
drains
parts
some
medical
devices
equipment,
dry
(DSB)
surfaces
possibly
devices.
act
as
reservoir
pathogens
including
multi-drug
resistant
organisms
their
elimination
requires
different
approaches.
control
(drain)
should
be
informed
by
reduction
or
microbial
bioburden
together
measuring
regrowth
time.
DSB
measured
combination
decrease
bacterial
transfer
post-intervention.
Failure
increases
risk
HAI,
but
not
solely
responsible
disinfection
failure
shortcoming.
limited
number
standardised
efficacy
tests
hindrance
end
users
manufacturers,
whilst
Europe
there
no
approved
standard
protocols.
Education
stakeholders
about
ad
hoc
tests,
often
academic
thus
paramount,
achieve
better
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2023
The
rise
of
multi-drug
resistant
(MDR)
pathogens
poses
a
significant
challenge
to
the
field
infectious
disease
treatment.
To
overcome
this
problem,
novel
strategies
are
being
explored
enhance
effectiveness
antibiotics.
Antibiotic
adjuvants
have
emerged
as
promising
approach
combat
MDR
by
acting
synergistically
with
This
review
focuses
on
role
antibiotic
synergistic
tool
in
fight
against
pathogens.
Adjuvants
refer
compounds
or
agents
that
activity
antibiotics,
either
potentiating
their
effects
targeting
mechanisms
resistance.
utilization
offers
several
advantages.
Firstly,
they
can
restore
existing
antibiotics
strains.
inhibit
confer
resistance,
making
susceptible
action
Secondly,
improving
penetration
into
bacterial
cells,
increasing
stability,
inhibiting
efflux
pumps
expel
from
cells.
Various
types
been
investigated,
including
pump
inhibitors,
resistance-modifying
agents,
and
disrupt
biofilms.
These
act
resulting
increased
antibacterial
overcoming
resistance
mechanisms.
In
conclusion,
potential
revolutionize
treatment
By
enhancing
efficacy
offer
strategy
growing
threat
Further
research
development
crucial
harness
full
bring
them
closer
clinical
application.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(5), С. 2655 - 2655
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024
One
of
the
key
mechanisms
enabling
bacterial
cells
to
create
biofilms
and
regulate
crucial
life
functions
in
a
global
highly
synchronized
way
is
communication
system
called
quorum
sensing
(QS).
QS
cell-to-cell
process
that
depends
on
population
density
mediated
by
small
signalling
molecules
autoinducers
(AIs).
In
bacteria,
controls
biofilm
formation
through
regulation
gene
expression
involved
extracellular
polymeric
matrix
(EPS)
synthesis,
virulence
factor
production,
stress
tolerance
metabolic
adaptation.
Forming
one
antimicrobial
resistance
(AMR).
A
common
feature
human
pathogens
ability
form
biofilm,
which
poses
serious
medical
issue
due
their
high
susceptibility
traditional
antibiotics.
Because
associated
with
formation,
there
belief
inhibition
activity
quenching
(QQ)
may
provide
alternative
therapeutic
methods
for
treating
microbial
infections.
This
review
summarises
recent
progress
research,
focusing
biofilms,
especially
those
formed
pathogenic
become
resistant
antibiotic
treatment.
Subsequently,
potential
approach
highlighting
innovative
non-antibiotic
strategies
control
AMR
bacteria
has
been
discussed.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
655, С. 124046 - 124046
Опубликована: Март 29, 2024
Typical
antibiotic
treatments
are
often
ineffectual
against
biofilm-related
infections
since
bacteria
residing
within
biofilms
have
developed
various
mechanisms
to
resist
antibiotics.
To
overcome
these
limitations,
antimicrobial-loaded
liposomal
nanoparticles
a
promising
anti-biofilm
strategy
as
they
demonstrated
improved
delivery
and
eradication
of
in
biofilms.
Antibiotic-loaded
revealed
remarkably
higher
antibacterial
activities
than
free
drugs
experimental
settings.
Moreover,
can
be
used
efficaciously
for
the
combinational
antibiotics
other
antimicrobial
compounds/peptide
which
facilitate,
instance,
significant
breakdown
biofilm
matrix,
increased
bacterial
elimination
from
depletion
metabolic
activity
pathogens.
Drug-loaded
liposomes
mitigated
recurrent
considered
tool
address
challenges
associated
resistance.
Furthermore,
it
has
been
that
surface
charge
polyethylene
glycol
modification
notable
impact
on
their
activity.
Future
investigations
should
tackle
persistent
hurdles
with
development
safe
effective
clinical
application
investigate
novel
treatments,
including
CRISPR-Cas
gene
editing,
natural
compounds,
phages,
nano-mediated
approaches.
Herein,
we
emphasize
significance
inhibition
biofilms,
challenges,
recent
advances,
future
perspectives.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(7), С. 1259 - 1259
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2022
Biofilm
is
the
trigger
for
majority
of
infections
caused
by
ability
microorganisms
to
adhere
tissues
and
medical
devices.
Microbial
cells
embedded
in
biofilm
matrix
are
highly
tolerant
antimicrobials
escape
host
immune
system.
Thus,
refractory
nature
biofilm-related
(BRIs)
still
represents
a
great
challenge
physicians
serious
health
threat
worldwide.
Despite
its
importance,
microbiological
diagnosis
BRI
difficult
not
routinely
assessed
clinical
microbiology.
Moreover,
bacteria
up
100-1000
times
less
susceptible
antibiotics
than
their
planktonic
counterpart.
Consequently,
conventional
antibiograms
might
be
representative
bacterial
drug
susceptibility
vivo.
The
timely
recognition
crucial
step
directing
most
appropriate
biofilm-targeted
antimicrobial
strategy.
Antibiotics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(5), С. 875 - 875
Опубликована: Май 8, 2023
All
currently
approved
antibiotics
are
being
met
by
some
degree
of
resistance
the
bacteria
they
target.
Biofilm
formation
is
one
crucial
enablers
bacterial
resistance,
making
it
an
important
process
to
target
for
overcoming
antibiotic
resistance.
Accordingly,
several
drug
delivery
systems
that
biofilm
have
been
developed.
One
these
based
on
lipid-based
nanocarriers
(liposomes),
which
shown
strong
efficacy
against
biofilms
pathogens.
Liposomes
come
in
various
types,
namely
conventional
(charged
or
neutral),
stimuli-responsive,
deformable,
targeted,
and
stealth.
This
paper
reviews
studies
employing
liposomal
formulations
medically
salient
gram-negative
gram-positive
species
reported
recently.
When
comes
species,
types
were
be
efficacious
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa,
Escherichia
coli,
Acinetobacter
baumannii,
members
genera
Klebsiella,
Salmonella,
Aeromonas,
Serratia,
Porphyromonas,
Prevotella.
A
range
also
effective
biofilms,
including
mostly
Staphylococcal
strains,
Staphylococcus
aureus,
epidermidis,
saprophyticus
subspecies
bovis,
followed
Streptococcal
strains
(pneumonia,
oralis,
mutans),
Cutibacterium
acnes,
Bacillus
subtilis,
Mycobacterium
avium,
avium
subsp.
hominissuis,
abscessus,
Listeria
monocytogenes
biofilms.
review
outlines
benefits
limitations
using
as
means
combat
different
multidrug-resistant
bacteria,
urging
investigation
effects
gram-stain
efficiency
inclusion
pathogenic
previously
unstudied.
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(3), С. 396 - 396
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
The
opportunistic
bacteria
growing
in
biofilms
play
a
decisive
role
the
pathogenesis
of
chronic
infectious
diseases.
Biofilm-dwelling
behave
differently
than
planktonic
and
are
likely
to
increase
resistance
tolerance
antimicrobial
therapeutics.
Antimicrobial
adjuvants
have
emerged
as
promising
strategy
combat
(AMR)
restore
efficacy
existing
antibiotics.
A
combination
antibiotics
potential
adjuvants,
(e.g.,
extracellular
polymeric
substance
(EPS)-degrading
enzymes
quorum
sensing
inhibitors
(QSI)
can
improve
effects
potentially
reduce
bacterial
resistance).
In
addition,
encapsulation
antimicrobials
within
nanoparticulate
systems
their
stability
delivery
into
biofilms.
Lipid
nanocarriers
(LNCs)
been
established
having
with
adjuvants.
Among
them,
liquid
crystal
nanoparticles
(LCNPs),
liposomes,
solid
lipid
(SLNs),
nanostructured
carriers
(NLCs)
due
superior
properties
compared
traditional
formulations,
including
greater
biocompatibility,
higher
drug
loading
capacity,
protection
from
chemical
or
enzymatic
degradation,
controlled
release,
targeted
delivery,
ease
preparation,
scale-up
feasibility.
This
article
reviews
recent
advances
developing
various
LNCs
co-deliver
some
well-studied
combined
different
classes.
treatments
is
against
biofilms,
synergistic
therapeutics
that
deserve
further
investigation
also
highlighted.
review
identifies
for
therapies
development.
It
discusses
how
LNC-enabled
co-delivery
advance
current
clinical
treatments,
leading
innovative
products,
enabling
reuse
antibiotics,
providing
opportunities
saving
millions
lives
infections.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2024
The
development
of
antibiotic
resistance
compromises
the
effectiveness
our
most
effective
defenses
against
bacterial
infections,
presenting
a
threat
to
global
health.
To
date,
large
number
research
articles
exist
in
literature
describing
case
reports
associated
with
extensively
drug-resistant
(XDR)
and
multidrug-resistant
(MDR)
strains.
However,
these
findings
are
scattered,
making
it
time-consuming
for
researchers
locate
promising
results
there
remains
need
comparative
study
compile
from
various
geographical
regions
including
Kingdom
Saudi
Arabia.
Additionally,
no
has
yet
been
published
that
compares
genetic
variations
MDR
XDR
strains
identified
Arabia,
Middle
East,
Central
Europe,
Asian
countries.
This
attempts
provide
analysis
several
Arabia
alongside
other
Furthermore,
purpose
this
work
is
demonstrate
genes
underlying
mechanisms
seen
have
reported
cover
gap,
comprehensive
review
explores
complex
trends
growing
risk
posed
by
superbugs.
We
context
on
concerning
spread
bacteria
analyzing
fundamental
looking
into
individual
reports.
In
article,
we
compiled
cases
stories
countries
China,
Egypt,
India,
Poland,
Pakistan,
Taiwan.
will
serve
as
basis
highlighting
MDR,
poses
urgent
national
action
plans,
stewardship
programs,
preventive
measures,
novel
antibiotics
Kingdom.