Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Март 28, 2024
The
human
intestinal
tract
constitutes
a
complex
ecosystem,
made
up
of
countless
gut
microbiota,
metabolites,
and
immune
cells,
with
hypoxia
being
fundamental
environmental
characteristic
this
ecology.
Under
normal
physiological
conditions,
delicate
balance
exists
among
these
“residents”,
disruptions
potentially
leading
to
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD).
core
pathology
IBD
features
disrupted
epithelial
barrier,
alongside
evident
microecological
disturbances.
Central
interconnected
networks
is
hypoxia-inducible
factor-1α
(HIF-1α),
which
key
regulator
in
cells
for
adapting
hypoxic
conditions
maintaining
homeostasis.
Short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
as
pivotal
serve
vital
mediators
between
the
host
significantly
influence
ecosystem.
Recent
years
have
seen
surge
research
on
roles
therapeutic
potential
HIF-1α
SCFAs
independently,
yet
reviews
HIF-1α-mediated
regulation
under
are
scarce.
This
article
summarizes
evidence
interplay
regulatory
relationship
IBD,
elucidating
disease’s
pathogenesis
offering
promising
strategies.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(17), С. 9715 - 9715
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2024
The
gut
microbiota
is
one
of
the
most
critical
factors
in
human
health.
It
involves
numerous
physiological
processes
impacting
host
health,
mainly
via
immune
system
modulation.
A
balanced
microbiome
contributes
to
gut’s
barrier
function,
preventing
invasion
pathogens
and
maintaining
integrity
lining.
Dysbiosis,
or
an
imbalance
microbiome’s
composition
disrupts
essential
various
diseases.
This
narrative
review
summarizes
key
findings
related
modern
multifactorial
inflammatory
conditions
such
as
ulcerative
colitis
Crohn’s
disease.
addresses
challenges
posed
by
antibiotic-driven
dysbiosis,
particularly
context
C.
difficile
infections,
development
novel
therapies
like
fecal
transplantation
biotherapeutic
drugs
combat
these
infections.
An
emphasis
given
restoration
healthy
through
dietary
interventions,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
approaches
for
managing
gut-related
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(14), С. 4130 - 4130
Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases,
such
as
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
and
Parkinson’s
(PD),
are
severe
age-related
disorders
with
complex
multifactorial
causes.
Recent
research
suggests
a
critical
link
between
neurodegeneration
the
gut
microbiome,
via
gut–brain
communication
pathway.
This
review
examines
role
of
trimethylamine
N-oxide
(TMAO),
microbiota-derived
metabolite,
in
development
AD
PD,
investigates
its
interaction
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
along
this
bidirectional
TMAO,
which
is
produced
from
dietary
metabolites
like
choline
carnitine,
has
been
linked
to
increased
neuroinflammation,
protein
misfolding,
cognitive
decline.
In
AD,
elevated
TMAO
levels
associated
amyloid-beta
tau
pathologies,
blood–brain
barrier
disruption,
neuronal
death.
can
cross
promote
aggregation
amyloid
proteins.
Similarly,
affects
alpha-synuclein
conformation
aggregation,
hallmark
PD.
also
activates
pro-inflammatory
pathways
NF-kB
signaling,
exacerbating
neuroinflammation
further.
Moreover,
modulates
expression
various
miRNAs
that
involved
neurodegenerative
processes.
Thus,
microbiome–miRNA–brain
axis
represents
newly
discovered
mechanistic
dysbiosis
neurodegeneration.
MiRNAs
regulate
key
oxidative
stress,
death,
contributing
progression.
As
direct
consequence,
specific
miRNA
signatures
may
serve
potential
biomarkers
for
early
detection
monitoring
PD
aims
elucidate
interrelationships
microbiota,
trimethylamine-N-oxide
(miRNAs),
central
nervous
system,
implications
these
connections
diseases.
context,
an
overview
current
neuroradiology
techniques
available
studying
animal
models
used
investigate
intricate
pathologies
will
be
provided.
summary,
bulk
evidence
supports
concept
modulating
pathway
through
changes,
manipulation
and/or
miRNA-based
therapies
offer
novel
approaches
implementing
treatment
debilitating
neurological
disorders.
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(16), С. 2657 - 2657
Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2024
Irritable
bowel
syndrome
(IBS)
is
a
prevalent
functional
gastrointestinal
disorder
characterized
by
abdominal
pain,
bloating,
diarrhea,
and
constipation.
Recent
studies
have
underscored
the
significant
role
of
gut
microbiota
in
pathogenesis
IBS.
Physical
exercise,
as
non-pharmacological
intervention,
has
been
proposed
to
alleviate
IBS
symptoms
modulating
microbiota.
Aerobic
such
running,
swimming,
cycling,
shown
enhance
diversity
abundance
beneficial
bacteria,
including
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium.
These
bacteria
produce
short-chain
fatty
acids
that
possess
anti-inflammatory
properties
support
barrier
integrity.
Studies
involving
patients
participating
structured
aerobic
exercise
programs
reported
improvements
their
microbiota's
composition
diversity,
alongside
an
alleviation
like
pain
bloating.
Additionally,
positively
influences
mental
health
reducing
stress
improving
mood,
which
can
further
relieve
via
gut-brain
axis.
Long-term
interventions
provide
sustained
benefits,
maintaining
stability,
supporting
immune
functions,
systemic
inflammation.
However,
must
be
tailored
individual
needs
avoid
exacerbating
symptoms.
Personalized
plans
starting
with
low-to-moderate
intensity
gradually
increasing
maximize
benefits
minimize
risks.
This
review
examines
impact
various
types
intensities
physical
on
patients,
highlighting
need
for
explore
optimal
protocols.
Future
research
should
include
larger
sample
sizes,
longer
follow-up
periods,
examine
synergistic
effects
other
lifestyle
modifications.
Integrating
into
comprehensive
management
symptom
control
improve
patients'
quality
life.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(15), С. 8250 - 8250
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2024
The
intricate
relationship
between
the
gastrointestinal
(GI)
microbiome
and
progression
of
chronic
non-communicable
diseases
underscores
significance
developing
strategies
to
modulate
GI
microbiota
for
promoting
human
health.
administration
probiotics
prebiotics
represents
a
good
strategy
that
enhances
population
beneficial
bacteria
in
intestinal
lumen
post-consumption,
which
has
positive
impact
on
In
addition,
dietary
fibers
serve
as
significant
energy
source
inhabiting
cecum
colon.
Research
articles
reviews
sourced
from
various
global
databases
were
systematically
analyzed
using
specific
phrases
keywords
investigate
these
relationships.
There
is
clear
association
fiber
intake
improved
colon
function,
gut
motility,
reduced
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
risk.
Moreover,
state
health
reflected
reciprocal
bidirectional
relationships
among
food,
antioxidants,
inflammation,
body
composition.
They
are
known
their
antioxidant
properties
ability
inhibit
angiogenesis,
metastasis,
cell
proliferation.
Additionally,
they
promote
survival,
immune
inflammatory
responses,
inactivate
pro-carcinogens.
These
actions
collectively
contribute
role
prevention.
different
investigations,
supplements
containing
vitamins
have
been
shown
lower
risk
types.
contrast,
some
evidence
suggests
taking
can
increase
cancer.
Ultimately,
collaborative
efforts
immunologists,
clinicians,
nutritionists,
dietitians
imperative
designing
well-structured
nutritional
trials
corroborate
clinical
efficacy
therapy
managing
inflammation
preventing
carcinogenesis.
This
review
seeks
explore
interrelationships
fiber,
microbiome,
with
particular
focus
potential
implications
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 558 - 558
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
common
form
of
dementia
and
characterized
by
memory
impairment
that
significantly
interferes
with
daily
life.
Therapeutic
options
for
AD
substantively
modify
progression
remain
a
critical
unmet
need.
In
this
regard,
gut
microbiota
crucial
in
maintaining
human
health
regulating
metabolism
immune
responses,
increasing
evidence
suggests
probiotics,
particularly
beneficial
bacteria,
can
enhance
cognitive
functions.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
positive
effects
Bifidobacterium
breve
MCC1274
(B.
MCC1274)
on
individuals
mild
(MCI)
schizophrenia.
Additionally,
oral
supplementation
B.
has
been
shown
to
effectively
prevent
decline
AppNL–G–F
mice.
relation
pathology,
found
reduce
amyloid-β
(Aβ)
accumulation
tau
phosphorylation
both
wild-type
(WT)
It
also
decreases
microglial
activation
increases
levels
synaptic
proteins.
review,
we
examine
AD,
exploring
potential
mechanisms
action
how
probiotic
strain
may
aid
preventing
or
treating
disease.
Furthermore,
discuss
broader
implications
improving
overall
host
provide
insights
into
future
research
directions
promising
therapy.
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(2), С. 387 - 387
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
Background:
Short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
which
are
produced
by
the
microbial
fermentation
of
undigested
carbohydrates,
play
an
important
role
in
metabolism
and
physiology
host.
SCFAs
involved
regulation
maternal
during
pregnancy
influence
weight
gain,
glucose
metabolism,
metabolic
hormones.
Methods:
In
2017,
women
who
were
treated
for
gestational
diabetes
mellitus
(GDM)
at
University
Medical
Centre
Ljubljana
invited
to
participate
a
longitudinal
study.
A
total
45
included
this
study
comprehensively
phenotyped.
During
second
third
trimester
pregnancy,
with
GDM
provided
fecal
samples
SCFA
analysis.
The
analyzed
high-performance
liquid
chromatography
simultaneous
determination
acetate,
propionate,
butyrate.
Results:
concentrations
feces
differed
between
overweight/obese
normal-weight
GDM.
Acetate
propionate
significantly
higher
pregnant
overweight
or
obese
before
compared
but
butyrate
not.
Butyrate
was
elevated
group
excessive
gain.
Conclusions:
relationship
obesity
is
complex,
association
remains
be
clarified.
Regardless
conflicting
publications
on
SCFAs,
our
showed
that
acetate
levels
associated
categories
