Global Regulation of Genetically Modified Crops Amid the Gene Edited Crop Boom – A Review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2021

Products derived from agricultural biotechnology is fast becoming one of the biggest trade commodities globally, clothing us, feeding our livestock, and fueling eco-friendly cars. This exponential growth occurs despite asynchronous regulatory schemes around world, ranging moratoriums prohibitions on genetically modified (GM) organisms, to regulations that treat both conventional biotech novel plant products under same framework. Given enormous surface area being cultivated, there no longer a question acceptance or outright need for crop varieties. Recent recognition researchers development genome editing technique using CRISPR/Cas9 by Nobel Prize committee another step closer developing cultivating new varieties crops. By employing precise, efficient, yet affordable techniques, edited crops are entering country commercialization. Countries which currently dominate in exporting GM quickly recognizing different types gene-edited comparing conventionally bred nuanced legislative development, first implemented Argentina, soon followed many, shows considerable shifts landscape products. The evolution law gene demonstrates not static must adjust mores society, informed experiences 25 years cultivation regulation crux this review consolidation global crops, as it stands, building earlier works specifically addressing how will fit into existing frameworks. work its kind synthesize applicable documents across globe, with focus cultivation, provides links original legislation

Язык: Английский

---

Rhizosphere microbiome: Engineering bacterial competitiveness for enhancing crop production

Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 24, С. 337 - 352

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2020

Plants in nature are constantly exposed to a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses which limits their growth production. Enhancing crop yield production feed exponentially growing global population sustainable manner by reduced chemical fertilization agrochemicals will be big challenge. Recently, the targeted application beneficial plant microbiome cocktails counteract stress is gaining momentum becomes an exciting frontier research. Advances next generation sequencing (NGS) platform, gene editing technologies, metagenomics bioinformatics approaches allows us unravel entangled webs interactions holobionts core microbiomes for efficiently deploying increase crops nutrient acquisition resistance stress. In this review, we focused on shaping rhizosphere susceptible host from resistant comprises specific type microbial community with multiple potential benefits CRISPR/Cas9 based strategies manipulation susceptibility genes plants improving health. This review significant providing first-hand information improve fundamental understanding process helps microbiome.

Язык: Английский

---

Molecular and genetic bases of heat stress responses in crop plants and breeding for increased resilience and productivity

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 71(13), С. 3780 - 3802

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2020

To ensure the food security of future generations and to address challenge 'no hunger zone' proposed by FAO (Food Agriculture Organization), crop production must be doubled 2050, but environmental stresses are counteracting this goal. Heat stress in particular is affecting agricultural crops more frequently severely. Since discovery physiological, molecular, genetic bases heat responses, cultivated plants have become subject intense research on how they may avoid or tolerate either using natural variation creating new with DNA technologies, mutational breeding, genome editing. This review reports current understanding molecular together recent approaches heat-tolerant varieties. Research close a breakthrough global relevance, breeding fitter face biggest our time.

Язык: Английский

---

Novel CRISPR–Cas Systems: An Updated Review of the Current Achievements, Applications, and Future Research Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(7), С. 3327 - 3327

Опубликована: Март 24, 2021

According to Darwin’s theory, endless evolution leads a revolution. One such example is the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)–Cas system, an adaptive immunity system in most archaea and many bacteria. Gene editing technology possesses crucial potential dramatically impact miscellaneous areas of life, CRISPR–Cas represents suitable strategy. The has ignited revolution field genetic engineering. ease, precision, affordability this akin Midas touch for researchers genomes. Undoubtedly, applications are endless. extensively employed treatment infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, curing cancer, developing sustainable methods fuel production chemicals, improving quality quantity food crops, thus catering global demands. Future will provide benefits everyone save countless lives. evolving rapidly; therefore, overview continuous improvement important. In review, we aim elucidate current state tailor-made format from its discovery exciting breakthroughs at application level further upcoming trends related opportunities challenges including ethical concerns.

Язык: Английский

---

Drought Stress in Brassica napus: Effects, Tolerance Mechanisms, and Management Strategies

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(1), С. 21 - 45

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Genome-edited crops for improved food security of smallholder farmers

Nature Genetics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 54(4), С. 364 - 367

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

The Classification, Molecular Structure and Biological Biosynthesis of Flavonoids, and Their Roles in Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(8), С. 3599 - 3599

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

With the climate constantly changing, plants suffer more frequently from various abiotic and biotic stresses. However, they have evolved biosynthetic machinery to survive in stressful environmental conditions. Flavonoids are involved a variety of biological activities plants, which can protect different (plant-parasitic nematodes, fungi bacteria) stresses (salt stress, drought UV, higher lower temperatures). contain several subgroups, including anthocyanidins, flavonols, flavones, flavanols, flavanones, chalcones, dihydrochalcones dihydroflavonols, widely distributed plants. As pathway flavonoid biosynthesis has been well studied, many researchers applied transgenic technologies order explore molecular mechanism genes associated with biosynthesis; as such, shown stress tolerance through regulation content. In present review, classification, structure flavonoids were summarized, roles under forms also included. addition, effect applying on enhancement plant was discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Salt-Tolerant Crops: Time to Deliver

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 74(1), С. 671 - 696

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Despite the numerous advances made in our understanding of physiology and molecular genetics salinity tolerance, there have been relatively few applications these to improve salt tolerance crops. The most significant historically utilized intraspecific variation, introgression traits from close crop wild relatives, or, less frequently, more distant relatives. Advanced lines often fail due difficulties or tracking yield penalties associated with alleles nonsaline environments. However, greatest limitation is that not a primary trait for breeders. We must gap between research delivery, especially farmers who precious alternatives. These efforts should include reassessment old techniques such as grafting current crops salt-tolerant hybrid rootstocks. Alternatively, future can be produced via domestication species—an approach now feasible lifetime.

Язык: Английский

---

Research progress on the physiological response and molecular mechanism of cold response in plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Low temperature is a critical environmental stress factor that restricts crop growth and geographical distribution, significantly impacting quality yield. When plants are exposed to low temperatures, series of changes occur in their external morphology internal physiological biochemical metabolism. This article comprehensively reviews the alterations regulatory mechanisms indices, such as membrane system stability, redox system, fatty acid content, photosynthesis, osmoregulatory substances, response low-temperature plants. Furthermore, we summarize recent research on signal transduction pathways, phytohormones, epigenetic modifications, other molecular mediating temperatures higher In addition, outline cultivation practices improve plant cold resistance highlight cold-related genes used breeding. Last, discuss future directions, potential application prospects breeding, significant breakthroughs mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

---

Navigating Climate Change: Exploring the Dynamics Between Plant–Soil Microbiomes and Their Impact on Plant Growth and Productivity

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Understanding the intricate interplay between plant and soil microbiomes their effects on growth productivity is vital in a rapidly changing climate. This review explores interconnected impacts of climate change plant-soil profound agricultural productivity. The ongoing rise global temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns extreme weather events significantly affect composition function microbial communities rhizosphere. Changes diversity activity due to rising temperatures impact nutrient cycling, enzyme synthesis, health pest disease management. These changes also influence dynamics microbe capability promote health. As changes, plants' adaptive capacity partners become increasingly crucial for sustaining agriculture. Mitigating adverse requires comprehensive understanding mechanisms driving these processes. It highlights various strategies mitigating adapting environmental challenges, including management, stress-tolerant crops, cover cropping, sustainable land water crop rotation, organic amendments development climate-resilient varieties. emphasises need further exploration within broader context change. Promising mitigation strategies, precision agriculture targeted microbiome modifications, offer valuable pathways future research practical implementation food security

Язык: Английский

---