Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment

Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 375(6580)

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2022

Over the past several years, term PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) has grown to be emblematic of environmental contamination, garnering public, scientific, regulatory concern. are synthesized by two processes, direct fluorination (e.g., electrochemical fluorination) oligomerization fluorotelomerization). More than a megatonne is produced yearly, thousands wind up in end-use products. Atmospheric aqueous fugitive releases during manufacturing, use, disposal have resulted global distribution these compounds. Volatile facilitate long-range transport, commonly followed complex transformation schemes recalcitrant terminal PFAS, which do not degrade under conditions thus migrate through environment accumulate biota multiple pathways. Efforts remediate PFAS-contaminated matrices still their infancy, with much current research targeting drinking water.

Язык: Английский

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Short-chain per- and polyfluoralkyl substances (PFAS) effects on oxidative stress biomarkers in human liver, kidney, muscle, and microglia cell lines

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 223, С. 115424 - 115424

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic Signatures of Youth Exposure to Mixtures of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: A Multi-Cohort Study

Environmental Health Perspectives, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 131(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is ubiquitous has been associated with an increased risk of several cardiometabolic diseases. However, the metabolic pathways linking PFAS exposure human disease are unclear.

Язык: Английский

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Occurrences and fates of per- and polyfluoralkyl substances in textile dyeing wastewater along full-scale treatment processes

Water Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 242, С. 120289 - 120289

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Organoids and organoids-on-a-chip as the new testing strategies for environmental toxicology-applications & advantages

Environment International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 184, С. 108415 - 108415

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

An increasing number of harmful environmental factors are causing serious impacts on human health, and there is an urgent need to accurately identify the toxic effects mechanisms these factors. However, traditional toxicity test methods (e.g., animal models cell lines) often fail provide accurate results. Fortunately, organoids differentiated from stem cells can more accurately, sensitively specifically reflect body. They also suitable for specific studies frequently used in toxicology nowadays. As a combination organ-on-a-chip technology, organoids-on-a-chip has great potential toxicology. It controllable physicochemical microenvironment not easy be contaminated. higher homogeneity size shape organoids. In addition, it achieve vascularization exchange nutrients metabolic wastes time. Multi-organoids-chip simulate interactions different organs. These advantages facilitate better function maturity organoids, which make up shortcomings common certain extent. This review firstly discussed limitations testing platforms, leading introduction new platforms: organoids-on-a-chip. Next, applications were summarized prospected. Since platforms have been sufficiently considered previous literature, we particularly emphasized them. Finally, this opportunities challenges faced by organoids-on-a-chip, with expectation that readers will gain deeper understanding their value field

Язык: Английский

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Environmental behavior of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and the potential role of biochar for its remediation: a review

Biochar, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Abstract Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), commonly known as ‘‘forever chemicals’’, are persistent organic pollutants that widely distributed in the environment. Due to their toxicity resistance degradation, PFASs classified emerging contaminants, increasing attention is being paid remediation. Biochar, an environmentally friendly cost-effective adsorbent, shows potential for remediating contamination. The application of biochar remediation has garnered growing interest. Compared other adsorbents, more economical raw materials its preparation readily available. However, there currently no comprehensive review summarizing effects on environmental behavior PFASs. This aims fill gap by providing in-depth discussion synthesis existing literature this area. It focuses PFASs, specifically addressing adsorption mechanisms factors influencing effectiveness A proposed mechanism which photodegrades through generation free radicals, addition conventional (such pore filling, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions), explored. Furthermore, discusses ability reduce likelihood entering food chain water soil evaluates feasibility limitations using removal. Finally, we identify future research directions support safe effective use remediation, so promote advancement green technologies. Graphic

Язык: Английский

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Advances in kidney disease: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue characterized by progressive loss of function, which end-stage (ESKD) the last stage. The increase in prevalence CKD linked to increasing traditional risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, as well metabolic particularly insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia. Mortality comorbidities, such cardiovascular complications, rise steadily function deteriorates. Patients who progress ESKD require long-term replacement therapy, transplantation or hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis. It currently understood that crucial aspect involves persistent, low-grade inflammation. In addition, increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, vascular calcification from poor calcium phosphate metabolism, difficulties with coagulation are some complex molecular pathways underlying CKD-related ESKD-related issues. Novel mechanisms, microbiome dysbiosis apolipoprotein L1 gene mutation, have improved our understanding mechanisms. High Africa has been APOL1 high-risk alleles. 3-fold African Americans compared European mainly attributed variants chromosome 22q12 locus. Additionally, role new therapies SGLT2 inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, channel inhibitors offers therapeutic targets slowing down progression chronic disease. This review describes recent mechanisms emerging targets.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative chronic toxicities of PFOS and its novel alternatives on the immune system associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in adult zebrafish

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 425, С. 127950 - 127950

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2021

Язык: Английский

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High-content analysis shows synergistic effects of low perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOA) mixture concentrations on human breast epithelial cell carcinogenesis

Environment International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 172, С. 107746 - 107746

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with cancer, but the potential underlying mechanisms need to be further elucidated and include studies of PFAS mixtures. This mechanistic study revealed that very low concentrations (500 pM) binary PFOS PFOA mixture induced synergistic effects on human epithelial breast cell (MCF-10A) proliferation. The proliferation was mediated by pregnane X receptor (PXR) activation, an increase in cyclin D1 CDK6/4 levels, decrease p21 p53 regulation phosphor-Akt β-catenin. also altered histone modifications, epigenetic implicated tumorigenesis, promoted migration invasion reducing levels occludin. High-content screening using painting assay, hundreds features were affected even at lowest concentration tested (100 pM). detailed phenotype profiling demonstrated morphology, mostly parameters related intensity texture mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleoli. Exposure higher (≥50 µM) caused death through interactions oxidative stress, DNA/RNA damage, lipid peroxidation, illustrating complexity toxicology. Increased knowledge about mixture-induced is important for better understanding PFAS' possible role cancer etiology, may impact risk assessment these other compounds. shows image-based multiplexed fluorescence assays high-content development new approach methodologies

Язык: Английский

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Persistent organic pollutants and β-cell toxicity: a comprehensive review

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 322(5), С. E383 - E413

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2022

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a diverse family of contaminants that show widespread global dispersion and bioaccumulation. Humans continuously exposed to POPs through diet, air particles, household commercial products; consistently detected in human tissues, including the pancreas. Epidemiological studies modest but consistent correlation between exposure increased diabetes risk. The goal this review is provide an overview epidemiological evidence in-depth evaluation vivo vitro cause β-cell toxicity. We for six classes POPs: dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate (OPPs), flame retardants, per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). available data convincing implicating as contributing factor driving impaired glucose homeostasis, dysfunction, altered metabolic oxidative stress pathways islets. These findings emphasize need consider endocrine pancreas toxicity assessments. Our also highlights significant gaps literature assessing islet-specific endpoints after both POP exposure. In addition, most rodent do not impact biological sex or secondary stressors mediating effects on homeostasis function. discuss key limitations should be assessed future studies.

Язык: Английский

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