Chrono-Nutrition: Circadian Rhythm and Personalized Nutrition

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2571 - 2571

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2023

The human circadian system has a period of approximately 24 h and studies on the consequences “chornodisruption” have greatly expanded. Lifestyle environmental factors modern societies (i.e., artificial lighting, jetlag, shift work, around-the-clock access to energy-dense food) can induce disruptions thereby adversely affect individual health. Growing evidence demonstrates complex reciprocal relationship between metabolism system, in which perturbations one other one. From nutritional genomics perspective, genetic variants clock genes both influence metabolic health modify response diet. Moreover, an interplay rhythm, gut microbiome, epigenome been demonstrated, with diet turn able modulate this link suggesting remarkable plasticity underlying mechanisms. In view, study impact timing eating by matching elements from research chrono-biology, that is, chrono-nutrition, could significant implications for personalized nutrition terms reducing prevalence burden chronic diseases. This review provides overview current interactions nutrition, highlighting how microbiome. addition, possible strategies manage circadian-aligned feeding are suggested.

Язык: Английский

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The Interplay of Dietary Fibers and Intestinal Microbiota Affects Type 2 Diabetes by Generating Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Foods, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(5), С. 1023 - 1023

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023

Foods contain dietary fibers which can be classified into soluble and insoluble forms. The nutritional composition of fast foods is considered unhealthy because it negatively affects the production short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Dietary fiber resistant to digestive enzymes in gut, modulates anaerobic intestinal microbiota (AIM) fabricates SCFAs. Acetate, butyrate, propionate are dominant gut generated via Wood–Ljungdahl acrylate pathways. In pancreatic dysfunction, release insulin/glucagon impaired, leading hyperglycemia. SCFAs enhance insulin sensitivity or secretion, beta-cell function, leptin release, mitochondrial gluconeogenesis human organs, positively type 2 diabetes (T2D). Research models have shown that either peptide YY (PYY) glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from L-cells (entero-endocrine), promotes hormone adipose tissues through G-protein receptors GPR-41 GPR-43. a component influences by AIM, may beneficial effects on T2D. This review focuses effectiveness producing colon AIM as well health-promoting

Язык: Английский

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Gut‐liver axis: Potential mechanisms of action of food‐derived extracellular vesicles

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract Food‐derived extracellular vesicles (FEVs) are nanoscale membrane obtained from dietary materials such as breast milk, plants and probiotics. Distinct other EVs, FEVs can survive the harsh degrading conditions in gastrointestinal tract reach intestines. This unique feature allows to be promising prebiotics health oral nanomedicine for gut disorders, inflammatory bowel disease. Interestingly, therapeutic effects of have recently also been observed non‐gastrointestinal diseases. However, mechanisms remain unclear or even mysterious. It is speculated that orally administered could enter bloodstream, remote organs, thus exert therein. emerging evidence suggests amount reaching organs beyond marginal may insufficient account significant achieved regarding diseases involving liver. Thus, we herein propose primarily act locally intestine by modulating intestinal microenvironments barrier integrity microbiota, thereby eliciting impact remotely on liver via gut‐liver axis. Likewise, drugs delivered system through As main metabolic hub, microenvironment implicated In fact, many patients with non‐alcoholic fatty disease, obesity, diabetes cardiovascular disease suffer a leaky dysbiosis. this review, provide an overview recent progress discuss their biomedical applications agents drug delivery systems, highlighting pivotal role axis action treatment disorders

Язык: Английский

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Short Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism in Relation to Gut Microbiota and Genetic Variability

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(24), С. 5361 - 5361

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2022

It is widely accepted that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune responses of their host. In recent years, host-microbiota interface has gained relevance understanding development many non-communicable chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, autoimmunity neurodegeneration. Importantly, dietary fibre (DF) associated compounds digested by resulting metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), were significantly with health beneficial effects, such as via proposed anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, SCFA metabolic pathways are not fully understood. Major steps include production microbiota, uptake colonic epithelium, first-pass effects at liver, followed biodistribution metabolism host's cellular level. As patterns do affect all individuals equally, host genetic makeup may play fate these addition to other factors might influence age, birth through caesarean, medication intake, alcohol tobacco consumption, pathogen exposure physical activity. this article, we review DF, from intake intracellular fibre-derived products, identify possible sources inter-individual variability related variation. Such be indicative phenotypic flexibility response diet, predictive long-term adaptations factors, maladaptation tissue damage, which develop into disease specific predispositions, thus allowing for better prediction potential following personalized intervention DF.

Язык: Английский

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Triangulating nutrigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics toward personalized nutrition and healthy living

Human Genomics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2023

Abstract The unique physiological and genetic characteristics of individuals influence their reactions to different dietary constituents nutrients. This notion is the foundation personalized nutrition. field nutrigenetics has witnessed significant progress in understanding impact variants on macronutrient micronutrient levels individual's responsiveness intake. These hold value facilitating development nutritional interventions, thereby enabling effective translation from conventional guidelines genome-guided Nevertheless, certain obstacles could impede extensive implementation individualized nutrition, which still its infancy, such as polygenic nature nutrition-related pathologies. Consequently, many disorders are susceptible collective multiple genes environmental interplay, wherein each gene exerts a moderate modest effect. Furthermore, it widely accepted that diseases emerge because intricate interplay between predisposition external influences. In context this specific paradigm, utilization advanced "omic" technologies, including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiome analysis, conjunction with comprehensive phenotyping, potential unveil hitherto undisclosed hereditary elements interactions environment. review aims provide up-to-date information regarding fundamentals specifically emphasizing complex triangulation among microbiota, metabolites, genes. highlights intestinal microbiota's makeup, nutrigenomics, tailoring suggestions. Finally, article provides an overview genotyping versus microbiomics, focusing investigating applications knowledge tailored plans aim improve human well-being overall health.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Dysbiosis in Common Skin Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(4), С. 1984 - 1984

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Dermatoses are an increasingly common problem, particularly in developed countries. The causes of this phenomenon include genetic factors and environmental elements. More more scientific reports suggest that the gut microbiome, specifically its dysbiosis, also plays important role induction progression diseases, including dermatological diseases. microbiome is recognised as largest endocrine organ, has a key function maintaining human homeostasis. In review, authors will take close look at link between gut-skin axis pathogenesis dermatoses such atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, acne. focus on probiotics remodelling alleviation dermatoses.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling the Microbiome–Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(10), С. 5561 - 5561

Опубликована: Май 20, 2024

This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between microbiome and human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions far-reaching implications. The microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of health disease. Through an extensive examination current research, this elucidates dynamic interactions host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include establishment maintenance microbiota diversity, influence factors on composition, bidirectional communication pathways cells. Furthermore, we delve into functional implications dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing role shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, neurological functions. Additionally, discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating to restore host–microbe homeostasis promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents groundbreaking approach management dysbiosis-related diseases, offering promising avenue for restoring balance within gut ecosystem. innovative therapy involves transfer from healthy donor individual suffering dysbiosis, aiming replenish beneficial populations mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings fields, offers valuable insights complex relationship highlighting avenues future research clinical interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Role of the Gut Microbiota in Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Spondylarthritis: An Update on the Gut–Joint Axis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(6), С. 3242 - 3242

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Dysregulation of the gut microbiota and their metabolites is involved in pathogenic process intestinal diseases, several pieces evidence within current literature have also highlighted a possible connection between unfolding inflammatory pathologies joints. This dysregulation defined as "gut-joint axis" based on joint-gut interaction. It widely recognized that produce variety compounds, including enzymes, short-chain fatty acids, metabolites. As consequence, these proinflammatory compounds bacteria produce, such lipopolysaccharide, move from "leaky gut" to bloodstream, thereby leading systemic inflammation which then reaches joints, with consequences osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, spondylarthritis. In this state-of-the-art research, authors describe connections dysbiosis Moreover, diagnostic tools, outcome measures, treatment options are elucidated. There accumulating proof suggesting play an important part not only immune-mediated, metabolic, neurological illnesses but According authors, future studies should concentrate developing innovative microbiota-targeted treatments effects joint pathology well organizing screening protocols predict onset disease dysbiosis.

Язык: Английский

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Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(15), С. 8250 - 8250

Опубликована: Июль 28, 2024

The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores significance developing strategies to modulate GI microbiota for promoting human health. administration probiotics prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances population beneficial bacteria in intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has positive impact on In addition, dietary fibers serve as significant energy source inhabiting cecum colon. Research articles reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases keywords investigate these relationships. There is clear association fiber intake improved colon function, gut motility, reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, state health reflected reciprocal bidirectional relationships among food, antioxidants, inflammation, body composition. They are known their antioxidant properties ability inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote survival, immune inflammatory responses, inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute role prevention. different investigations, supplements containing vitamins have been shown lower risk types. contrast, some evidence suggests taking can increase cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, dietitians imperative designing well-structured nutritional trials corroborate clinical efficacy therapy managing inflammation preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks explore interrelationships fiber, microbiome, with particular focus potential implications

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Ketogenic and Mediterranean Diets on Gut Microbiota Profile and Clinical Outcomes in Drug-Naïve Patients with Diabesity: A 12-Month Pilot Study

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1), С. 22 - 22

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Background/Objectives: Managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity requires a multidimensional, patient-centered approach including nutritional interventions (NIs) physical activity. Changes in the gut microbiota (GM) have been linked to metabolic alterations typical of T2DM obesity, they are strongly influenced by diet. However, few studies evaluated effects on GM very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) patients with T2DM, especially mid-term long-term. This longitudinal study is aimed at evaluating long-term impact VLCKD Mediterranean (MD) anthropometric, metabolic, lifestyle parameters 11 (diabesity). extends previously published results short-term (three months) these NIs same patients. Methods: At baseline, were randomly assigned either (KETO group) or (MEDI group). After two months, KETO group gradually shifted (VLCKD-MD), according current guidelines. From fourth month until end both groups followed similar MD. Previous showed that had more beneficial than MD several variables for 3 months NI. In this study, analyses extended six (T6) twelve (T12) NI comparing data prospectively against baseline (T0). The analysis was performed through next-generation sequencing. Results: Improvements anthropometric pronounced T6, particularly body mass index (−5.8 vs. −1.7 kg/m2; p = 0.006) waist circumference (−15.9 −5.2 cm; 0.011). significant improvement HbA1c (6.7% 5.5% 0.02) triglyceride (158 95 mg/dL 0.04) values compared T0 observed only group, which maintained achieved T3. VLCKD-MD phenotype. A substantial positive modulatory effect up sixth due progressive increase bacterial markers human health. month, most health decreased, though still increased baseline. Among them, Verrucomicrobiota phylum identified as main biomarker together its members Verrucomicrobiae, Akkermansiaceae, Verrucomicrobiales, Akkermansia T6 Conclusions: Both dietary approaches ameliorated status, but VLCKD, support MD, has shown greater improvements parameters, well profile,

Язык: Английский

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