Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(18), С. 13874 - 13874

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2023

Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic all plant cells and carried out with participation shikimate acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, various structures formed, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, oligomeric polymeric phenolic nature. number already exceeds 10,000. The diversity phenolics affects their biological activity functional role. Most representatives characterized by interaction reactive oxygen species, which manifests itself not only plants but also human body, where they enter through food chains. Having a high activity, successfully used medicines nutritional supplements for health population. accumulation depend on many factors, including physiological-biochemical, molecular-genetic, environmental factors. review, we present latest literature data structure classes compounds, antioxidant biosynthesis, molecular genetic aspects (genes transfactors). Since grow significant changes planet, response to action abiotic factors (light, UV radiation, temperature, heavy metals) at level composition these metabolites, well metabolic regulation, considered. Information given about important necessary components nutrition pharmaceutically valuable substances Proposals promising areas research development field presented.

Язык: Английский

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Phenolic metabolites as therapeutic in inflammation and neoplasms: Molecular pathways explaining their efficacy

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 193, С. 106812 - 106812

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2023

Polyphenols, also known as phenolic compounds, are chemical substances containing aromatic rings well at least two hydroxyl groups. Natural compounds exist widely in plants, which protect plants from ultraviolet radiation and other insults. Phenolic have superior pharmacological nutritional properties (antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-sclerosis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities), been paid more attention by the scientific community. Phenols can key cellular components reactive free radical damage, is mainly due to their property activate antioxidant enzymes alleviate oxidative stress inflammation. It inhibit or isolate oxygen species transfer electrons radicals, thereby avoiding cell damage. has a regulatory role glucose metabolism, promising prospect prevention intervention of diabetes. prevents cardiovascular disease regulating blood pressure lipids. Polyphenols proliferation affecting Erk1/2, CDK, PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. function enhancers intrinsic defense systems, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Simultaneously, they modulate multiple proteins transcription factors, making them candidates investigation anti-cancer medications. This review focuses on aspects substances, natural origins, production process, disinfection activity, functions, effects different tumors.

Язык: Английский

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Benefits and Implications of Resveratrol Supplementation on Microbiota Modulations: A Systematic Review of the Literature

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(7), С. 4027 - 4027

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2022

Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has been shown to possess many applications in different fields of medicine. This systematic review drawn attention the axis between resveratrol and human microbiota, which plays key role maintaining an adequate immune response can lead diseases when compromised. also be asset new technologies, such as gene therapy. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched find papers matched our topic dating from 1 January 2017 up 18 2022, with English-language restriction using following Boolean keywords: (“resveratrol” AND “microbio*”). Eighteen studies included relevant matching purpose investigation. Immune response, prevention thrombotic complications, therapy, bone regeneration retrieved main topics. The analyzed mostly involved supplementation its effects on microbiota by trials vitro, vivo, ex vivo. beneficial activity evident analyzing changes host’s genetic expression gastrointestinal microbial community administration. possibility identifying individual families may allow tailor therapeutic plans targeted polyphenolic diets associated dysbiosis, inflammatory tract, degenerative diseases, tumors, obesity, diabetes, tissue regeneration, metabolic syndrome.

Язык: Английский

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HIV–Host Cell Interactions

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(10), С. 1351 - 1351

Опубликована: Май 9, 2023

The development of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) was a great milestone in the management HIV infection. ARVs suppress viral activity host cell, thus minimizing injury to cells and prolonging life. However, an effective treatment has remained elusive for four decades due successful immune evasion mechanisms virus. A thorough understanding molecular interaction with cell is essential both preventive curative therapies This review highlights several inherent that promote its survival propagation, such as targeting CD4+ lymphocytes, downregulation MHC class I II, antigenic variation envelope complex minimizes antibody access, how they collaboratively render system unable mount response.

Язык: Английский

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The Promising Role of Polyphenols in Skin Disorders

Molecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4), С. 865 - 865

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

The biochemical characteristics of polyphenols contribute to their numerous advantageous impacts on human health. existing research suggests that plant phenolics, whether consumed orally or applied directly the skin, can be beneficial in alleviating symptoms and avoiding development many skin disorders. Phenolic compounds, which are both harmless naturally present, exhibit significant potential terms counteracting effects damage, aging, diseases, wounds, burns. Moreover, play a preventive role possess ability delay progression several disorders, ranging from small discomforting severe potentially life-threatening ones. This article provides concise overview recent therapeutic application for conditions. It specifically highlights studies have investigated clinical trials use polyphenol-based nanoformulations treatment different ailments.

Язык: Английский

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Resveratrol Activates Antioxidant Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Inflammation

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 177 - 177

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound with known benefits against neurodegeneration. We analyzed in vitro the protective mechanisms of resveratrol proinflammatory monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP). mCRP increases risk AD after stroke and we previously demonstrated that intracerebral induces AD-like dementia mice. Here, used BV2 microglia treated for 24 h presence or absence resveratrol. Cells conditioned media were collected analysis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has also been implicated progression so LPS was as resveratrol-sensitive reference agent. at concentration 50 µg/mL activated nitric oxide pathway NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Furthermore, induced cyclooxygenase-2 release cytokines. effectively inhibited these changes increased expression antioxidant enzyme genes Cat Sod2. As central defense, hub Sirt1 Nfe2l2 nuclear translocation signal transducer NF-ĸB. Proinflammatory by primary mixed glial cultures protected This work provides mechanistic insight into preventing agents.

Язык: Английский

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Relationship between Immune Cells, Depression, Stress, and Psoriasis: Could the Use of Natural Products Be Helpful?

Molecules, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(6), С. 1953 - 1953

Опубликована: Март 17, 2022

Psoriasis is one of the most widespread chronic inflammatory skin diseases, affecting about 2%–3% worldwide adult population. The pathogenesis this disease quite complex, but an interaction between genetic and environmental factors has been recognized with essential modulation immune responses in affected patients. Psoriatic plaques generally represent clinical psoriatic feature resulting from abnormal proliferation differentiation keratinocytes, which cause dermal hyperplasia, infiltration cells, increased capillarity. Some scientific pieces evidence have reported that psychological stress may play a key role psoriasis, itself conditions patients, thus reproducing vicious cycle. present review aims at examining cell involvement psoriasis relationship depression its development. In addition, contains focus on possible use natural products, pointing out their mechanism action order to counteract symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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The Importance of Natural Antioxidants in Female Reproduction

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(4), С. 907 - 907

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

Oxidative stress (OS) has an important role in female reproduction, whether it is ovulation, endometrium decidualization, menstruation, oocyte fertilization, or development andimplantation of embryo the uterus. The menstrual cycle regulated by physiological concentration reactive forms oxygen and nitrogen as redox signal molecules, which trigger regulate length individual phases cycle. It been suggested that decline fertility modulated pathological OS. excess OS compared to antioxidants triggers many disorders reproduction could lead gynecological diseases infertility. Therefore, are crucial for proper reproductive function. They play a part metabolism oocytes; maturation via activation antioxidant signaling pathways Nrf2 NF-κB; hormonal regulation vascular action. Antioxidants can directly scavenge radicals act cofactor highly valuable enzymes cell differentiation development, enhance activity enzymes. Compensation low levels through their supplementation improve fertility. This review considers selected vitamins, flavonoids, peptides, trace elements with effects mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in the formation and identification of nanoparticle protein coronas and their effects on the digestion and absorption of polyphenols

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 146, С. 104418 - 104418

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Histological and Chemical Analysis of Heavy Metals in Kidney and Gills of Boops boops: Melanomacrophages Centers and Rodlet Cells as Environmental Biomarkers

Toxics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(5), С. 218 - 218

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2022

Industrialization has resulted in a massive increase garbage output, which is frequently discharged or stored waterways like rivers and seas. Due to their toxicity, durability, bioaccumulation, biomagnification, heavy metals (such as mercury, cadmium, lead) have been identified strong biological poisons. Their presence the aquatic environment potential affect water quality parameters life general. Teleosts' histopathology provides sensitive indicator of pollutant-induced stress, because organs central role transformation different active chemical compounds environment. In particular, gills, kidneys, liver are placed at center toxicological studies. The purpose this study examine morphological changes caused by kidney gills Boops boops, with focus on melanomacrophages centers (MMCs) rodlet cells (RCs) environmental biomarkers, using histological histochemical stainings (hematoxylin/eosin, Van Gieson trichrome, Periodic Acid Schiff reaction, Alcian Blue/PAS 2.5), immunoperoxidase methods. Our findings show an MMCs RCs linked higher exposure metals, confirming these aggregates reliable biomarkers reflected fish fauna. cytological could be important gaining better understanding complicated immune systems teleosts.

Язык: Английский

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