Consequences of nano and microplastic exposure in rodent models: the known and unknown

Particle and Fibre Toxicology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2022

The ubiquitous nature of micro- (MP) and nanoplastics (NP) is a growing environmental concern. However, their potential impact on human health remains unknown. Research increasingly focused using rodent models to understand the effects exposure individual plastic polymers. In vivo data showed critical depending particle size, polymer, shape, charge, concentration, routes. Those included local inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic disruption, leading gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproduction disorders, neurotoxic effects. This review distillates current knowledge regarding exposed MP NP with different experimental designs assessing biodistribution, bioaccumulation, biological responses. Rodents accumulation in several tissues. Critical responses inflammation microbiota dysbiosis, metabolic, hepatic, reproductive diseases exacerbation. Most studies used commercially provided doses higher than found exposure. Hence, standardized sampling techniques improved characterization are needed may help toxicity assessments relevant mixtures, filling gaps literature.

Язык: Английский

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The role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiovascular diseases

Molecular Biomedicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2022

Abstract The gut microbiota is critical to human health, such as digesting nutrients, forming the intestinal epithelial barrier, regulating immune function, producing vitamins and hormones, metabolites interact with host. Meanwhile, increasing evidence indicates that has a strong correlation occurrence, progression treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In patients CVDs corresponding risk factors, composition ratio have significant differences compared their healthy counterparts. Therefore, dysbiosis, microbiota-generated metabolites, related signaling pathway may serve explanations for some mechanisms about occurrence development CVDs. Several studies also demonstrated many traditional latest therapeutic treatments are associated its generated pathways. Given information, we summarized advances in current research regarding effect on main CVDs, highlighted roles several introduced promising microbiota. this review mainly focuses exploring role potential which eventually provide better solutions well prevention

Язык: Английский

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Inflamm-ageing: how cytokines and nutrition shape the trajectory of ageing

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Population ageing is increasing in prevalence most developed countries. Ageing the decline of functional properties at cellular, tissue, and organ level. Biochemical changes that occur all organisms experience biological are referred to as "Hallmarks ageing". Inflammation a common denominator hallmarks ageing, being mechanistically involved age-related health consequences. Inflamm-ageing refers inflammatory immune systems which somehow drive process towards healthy or unhealthy ageing. Current evidences, support that, reversing pro-inflammatory status inflamm-ageing, able modulate associated with increased levels molecules (e.g. cytokines, chemokines), ultimately producing chronic low-grade state typically observed older individuals. It commonly accepted balance between pro- anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines one factors determining whether occurs. Malnutrition nutritional imbalances, highly prevalent elderly, playing role driving immunoactive molecules. In particular, malnutrition major risk factor for sarcopenia, phenomenon characterized by loss muscle mass, often basis frailty. Given close relationship there also evidence link Indeed, cytokine/chemokine elderly patients were demonstrated. The demonstration specific cytokines play modulating appetite nutrient sensing taste reception, provided further existence nutrition shaping trajectory present review will overview current supporting circulating chemokines inflammation, malnutrition.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota - An Unmissable Bridge to Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2022

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), one of the most serious abdominal emergencies in general surgery, is characterized by and rapid onset as well high mortality, which often leads to multiple organ failure (MOF). Acute lung injury (ALI), earliest accompanied dysfunction, common cause death patients following SAP onset. The exact pathogenesis ALI during SAP, however, remains unclear. In recent years, advances microbiota-gut-lung axis have led a better understanding SAP-associated (PALI). addition, bidirectional communications between intestinal microbes are becoming more apparent. This paper aims review mechanisms an imbalanced microbiota contributing development PALI, mediated disruption physical, chemical, immune barriers intestine, promotes bacterial translocation, results activation abnormal responses severe pancreatitis. pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) immunol occurrence PALI via binding with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) through focused this study. Moreover, potential therapeutic strategies for alleviating regulating composition or function discussed review. aim study provide new ideas tools patients.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol on Inflammatory Mediators: Consequences on Inflammaging

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(1), С. 380 - 380

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2022

Aging is associated with a low-grade, systemic inflammatory state defined as “inflammaging”, ruled by the loss of proper regulation immune system leading to accumulation pro-inflammatory mediators. Such condition closely connected an increased risk developing chronic diseases. A number studies demonstrate that olive oil phenolic compound oleuropein and its derivative hydroxytyrosol contribute modulating tissue inflammation oxidative stress, thus becoming attractive potential candidates be used in context nutraceutical interventions, order ameliorate aging subjects. In this review, we aim summarize available data about anti-inflammatory properties hydroxytyrosol, discussing them light molecular pathways involved synthesis release mediators inflammaging.

Язык: Английский

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Baicalin Attenuates H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress by Regulating the AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in IPEC-J2 Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(11), С. 9435 - 9435

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

Oxidative stress can adversely affect the health status of body, more specifically by causing intestinal damage disrupting permeability barrier. This is closely related to epithelial cell apoptosis caused mass production reactive oxygen species (ROS). Baicalin (Bai) a major active ingredient in Chinese traditional herbal medicine that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. The purpose this study was explore underlying mechanisms which Bai protects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury vitro. Our results indicated H2O2 treatment IPEC-J2 cells, resulting their apoptosis. However, attenuated H2O2-induced up-regulating mRNA protein expression ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin1. Besides, prevented ROS MDA increased activities antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-PX). Moreover, also cells down-regulating Caspase-3 Caspase-9 FAS Bax, are involved inhibition mitochondrial pathways. Nrf2 after with H2O2, alleviate phenomenon. Meanwhile, down-regulated ratio phosphorylated AMPK unphosphorylated AMPK, indicative abundance antioxidant-related genes. In addition, knockdown short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) significantly reduced levels Nrf2, percentage apoptotic abrogated Bai-mediated protection oxidative stress. Collectively, our through improving capacity stress-mediated AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Язык: Английский

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AHR activation relieves deoxynivalenol-induced disruption of porcine intestinal epithelial barrier functions

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 480, С. 136095 - 136095

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Contemporary Perspectives on the Role of Vitamin D in Enhancing Gut Health and Its Implications for Preventing and Managing Intestinal Diseases

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(14), С. 2352 - 2352

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2024

Vitamin D, a crucial fat-soluble vitamin, is primarily synthesized in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation and widely recognized as bone-associated hormone. However, recent scientific advancements have unveiled its intricate association with gut health. The intestinal barrier serves vital component, safeguarding milieu maintaining overall homeostasis. Deficiencies vitamin D been implicated altering microbiome composition, compromising integrity of mucosal barrier, predisposing individuals various pathologies. exerts regulatory function by binding receptors (VDR) present immune cells, thereby modulating production pro-inflammatory cytokines influencing function. Notably, numerous studies reported lower serum levels among patients suffering from diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable syndrome, celiac highlighting growing significance health maintenance. This comprehensive review delves into latest understanding mechanistic role function, emphasizing pivotal regulation. Furthermore, we consolidate relevant findings pertaining therapeutic potential management diseases.

Язык: Английский

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The relevance of intestinal barrier dysfunction, antimicrobial proteins and bacterial endotoxin in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 54(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

Abstract Background Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading cause of end‐stage associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular disease. Obesity diabetes are the most important risk factors MASLD. It well‐established that obesity‐associated insulin resistance leads to situation tissue lipotoxicity characterized by an accumulation excess fat in non‐fat tissues such as liver, promoting development MASLD, its progression into metabolic steatohepatitis. Methods Here, we aimed review impact disrupted intestinal permeability, antimicrobial proteins bacterial endotoxin Results Conclusion Recent studies demonstrated obesity‐ obesogenic diets‐associated alterations microbiota along disruption barrier integrity, alteration and, consequence, enhanced translocation bloodstream might contribute this pathological process through impacting metabolism inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Progress in Intestinal Homeostasis and Mechanisms of Pancreatic Cancer

Phenomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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