Macrophage-Derived Chemokine MDC/CCL22: An Ambiguous Finding in COVID-19

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(17), С. 13083 - 13083

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) is a of the C-C subfamily. It involved in T-cellular maturation and migration. Our previous research shows that plasma CCL22/MDC tends to show statistically significant depletion concentrations acute patients convalescents when compared healthy donors. In current work, we investigate existing views on MDC/CCL22 dynamics association with various pathologies, including respiratory diseases and, specifically, COVID-19. Additionally, present our explanations for observed decrease The first hypothesis provide implies viral products bind block its activity. Another explanation this phenomenon based dendritic cells population inhibition their function.

Язык: Английский

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Deep Immunophenotyping of Circulating T and B Cells in Relapsing Adult-Onset Still’s Disease

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(2), С. 1177 - 1191

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a complex systemic inflammatory disorder, categorized as an ‘IL-1 driven’ inflammasomapathy. Despite this, the interaction between T and B cells remains poorly understood. We conducted study, enrolling 7 patients with relapsing AOSD 15 healthy control subjects, utilizing deep flow cytometry analysis to examine peripheral blood T- B-cell subsets. T-cell subsets were significantly altered in AOSD. Within CD4+ cells, Th2 decreased. Additionally, Th17 cell follicular Th within CD45RA–CD62L+ CD45RA–CD62L– compared controls. identified changes CD8+ maturation ‘polarization’ patients, elevated presence of TEMRA subset. Furthermore, percentage Tc1 was decreased, while frequency CCR6–CXCR3– Tc2 elevated. Finally, we determined that CD5+CD27– dramatically decreased Further investigations on large group are required evaluate these adaptive immunity pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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Host factors of SARS-CoV-2 in infection, pathogenesis, and long-term effects

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Май 22, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus of devastating COVID-19 pandemic that results in an unparalleled global health and economic crisis. Despite unprecedented scientific efforts therapeutic interventions, fight against continues as rapid emergence different variants concern increasing challenge long COVID-19, raising a vast demand to understand pathomechanisms its long-term sequelae develop strategies beyond per se . Notably, addition itself, replication cycle clinical severity also governed by host factors. In this review, we therefore comprehensively overview pathogenesis from perspective factors host-virus interactions. We sequentially outline pathological implications molecular interactions between multi-organ multi-system summarize current agents targeting for treating these diseases. This knowledge would be key identification new pathophysiological aspects mechanisms, development actionable targets tackling sequelae.

Язык: Английский

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Role of IL-27 in COVID-19: A Thin Line Between Protection and Disease Promotion

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

: Cytokine storm is usually described as one of the main reasons behind COVID-associated mor-tality. Cytokines are essential protein molecules engaged in immune responses; they play a critical role protection against infections. However, also contribute to inflammatory reactions and tissue damage, becoming double-edged sword context COVID-19. Recent studies have suggested various cytokines chemokines that crucial response SARS-CoV-2 infection. One such cytokine Interleukin 27 (IL-27), which has been found be elevated blood plasma patients with Within this study, we will explore IL-27 responses address our own findings concerning It affects wide variety cells; regardless pathological process it involved in, for upholding necessary balance between damage cytotoxicity in-fectious agents and/or tumors. In COVID-19, multiple processes, including antiviral via CD8+ cells, IgG subclass switching, even activation Tregs.

Язык: Английский

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Circulating СD8+ T Cells Subsets in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2023

Currently, multiple studies have indicated that CD8+ T lymphocytes play a role in causing damage to the exocrine glands through acinar injury Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS). The aim of this research was assess imbalance subsets within cells peripheral blood. We examined blood samples from 34 patients with pSS and healthy individuals as controls. used flow cytometry enumerate cell maturation stages using markers CD62L, CD28, CD27, CD4, CD8, CD3, CD45RA, CD45. For immunophenotyping ‘polarized’ we following monoclonal antibodies:CXCR5, CCR6,CXCR3 CCR4. findings revealed both relative absolute numbers 'naïve' were higher compared volunteers. Conversely, proportions effector memory notably lower. Furthermore, our data suggested among pSS, levels cytotoxic Tc1 reduced, while frequencies regulatory cytokine-producing Tc2 Tc17 significantly elevated. Simultaneously, displayed negative correlation immunoglobulin G, Rheumatoid factor, Schirmer test, unstimulated saliva flow. On other hand, exhibited positive these parameters. In summary, study immune dysfunction cells, including alterations plays significant development pSS.

Язык: Английский

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Designing structure and <i>E. coli</i> strain-producer bearing SARS-CoV-2 N, S, M, E protein-related sequence antigen

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(4), С. 653 - 662

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2023

T-cell immune response is extremely important in protecting human body from diverse viral infections. It known that it can ensure clearance and complete recovery patients with humoral immunodeficiency. COVID-19 were found to have primarily directed against SARS-CoV-2 structural S, M, N, E proteins, nucleocapsid protein being most conserved. To assess immunity coronavirus infection evaluate an effectiveness of vaccine candidates, necessary develop optimal diagnostic antigen arising antigenic determinants. A test determine host specific susceptibility should target conserved regions global variants. The study was aimed a structure bearing immunogenic sequences derived proteins obtain Escherichia coli producer strain containing recombinant be subsequently used for assessing antiviral immunity. Developing the performed silico: TepiTool NetMHCIIpan predict identify high affinity epitopes spanning E, S MHC II binding. Several variants constructed, which one selected based on its physicochemical properties: isoelectric point, hydrophobicity index aliphatic index, as well 3D representation built by using I-TASSER. sequence synthesized cloned into pET24a(+) vector. resulting plasmid pCorD_PS transformed E. DH5 followed Rosetta (DE3). strain-producer CorD_PS assessed presence stability IPTG-induced expression elimination antigen-bearing plasmid. Based data, developed consisting proteins. 53 kDa predicted stable aqueous solutions point 9.56 potentially allowing simplify purification cells. Plasmid DNA (6695 bp) encoding final vector obtained. stable, productive obtained move design technique further SARS-CoV-2-specific system.

Язык: Английский

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Features of Myocarditis: Morphological Differential Diagnosis in Post-COVID-19 Children

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(15), С. 2499 - 2499

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2023

Myocarditis is characterized by dysfunction and destruction of cardiomyocytes, infiltrative inflammation, development fibrosis. Late diagnosis myocarditis has been a serious global health problem, especially due to the spread new coronavirus infection. The aim this review identify differences between viral etiology, including SARS-CoV-2 lesions, based on instrumental pathomorphological findings. Material Methods: We analyzed publications covering period from December 2019 May 2023, published in publicly accessible international databases (“Medline”, “PubMed”, “Scopus”), with queries for keywords “myocarditis”, “children”, “cardiovascular inflammation”, “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “severe acute respiratory syndrome 2”, “differential diagnosis”. Results: It was found that no unambiguous morphological criteria coupled lesions were identified. However, detected histopathological changes such as virus-associated degeneration, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte necrosis, moderate interstitial hyperemia, myocardial tissue oedema, capillary endothelial cell major markers Conclusion: necessary further reconsider diagnose SARS-CoV-2-caused myocarditis, rather than solely relying detecting RNA PCR sole evidence-based criterion. Similar issues accompany diagnostics associated other infections. Evidence an etiological can be provided comprehensive analysis diagnostic obtained, confirming virus exposure, followed distinct clinical symptoms, MRI CT changes, criteria.

Язык: Английский

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Prospective and Longitudinal Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Pneumonia: Potential Role of Decreased Naïve CD8+ in COVID-19 Patients

Viruses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1), С. 41 - 41

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024

Background: During the acute phase of COVID-19, a number immunological abnormalities have been reported, but few studies longitudinally analyzed specific subsets peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods: In this observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, adult patients developing pneumonia during COVID-19 pandemic followed up for 12 months. Peripheral lymphocyte were assessed (with focus on memory markers) at 6 time points after disease onset until Results: A total 76 with (characterized by prevalently interstitial pattern lung inflammation) hospital admission (who completed 12-month follow-up period) recruited in study. They divided into two groups, namely positive (n = 31) negative 45) SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. phase, general immunophenotyping profile was comparable most parameters between these except B cells. When T cells according to expression markers, significant decrease naïve CD8+ observed SARS-CoV-2-positive group phase. Notably, aspect maintained period least 9 Conclusions: seems be associated lower compared virus. This alteration can persist convalescent

Язык: Английский

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Imbalance of SARS-CoV-2-specific CCR6+ and CXCR3+ CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ + CD8+ T cells in patients with Long-COVID

Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 264, С. 110267 - 110267

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Alterations in the CD56− and CD56+ T Cell Subsets during COVID-19

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(10), С. 9047 - 9047

Опубликована: Май 20, 2023

The effectiveness of the antiviral immune response largely depends on activation cytotoxic T cells. heterogeneous group functionally active cells expressing CD56 molecule (NKT-like cells), that combines properties lymphocytes and NK cells, is poorly studied in COVID-19. This work aimed to analyze differentiation both circulating NKT-like CD56- during COVID-19 among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, moderate severity (MS) convalescents. A decreased proportion CD56+ was found ICU patients with fatal outcome. Severe accompanied by a decrease CD8+ mainly due cell death, redistribution subset composition predominance more differentiated process an increase proportions KIR2DL2/3+ NKp30+ Decreased percentages NKG2D+ NKG2A+ increased PD-1 HLA-DR expression levels were can be considered as indicators progression. In fraction, CD16 observed MS lethal outcome, suggesting negative role for CD56-CD16+ Overall, our findings suggest

Язык: Английский

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