Unveiling the Secrets of Acinetobacter baumannii: Resistance, Current Treatments, and Future Innovations

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(13), С. 6814 - 6814

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024

represents a significant concern in nosocomial settings, particularly critically ill patients who are forced to remain hospital for extended periods. The challenge of managing and preventing this organism is further compounded by its increasing ability develop resistance due extraordinary genomic plasticity, response adverse environmental conditions. Its recognition as public health risk has provided impetus the identification new therapeutic approaches infection control strategies. Indeed, currently used antimicrobial agents gradually losing their efficacy, neutralized newer mechanisms bacterial resistance, especially carbapenem antibiotics. A deep understanding underlying molecular urgently needed shed light on properties that allow

Язык: Английский

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Phage therapy: an alternative treatment modality for MDR bacterial infections

Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56(10), С. 785 - 817

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

The increasing global incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections threatens public health and compromises various aspects modern medicine. Recognising the urgency this issue, World Health Organisation has prioritised development novel antimicrobials to combat ESKAPEE pathogens. Comprising

Язык: Английский

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Discovery, structural characteristics and evolutionary analyses of functional domains in Acinetobacter baumannii phage tail fiber/spike proteins

BMC Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

Abstract Background The global rise in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections poses a significant healthcare challenge. Bacteriophage offer promising alternative to antibiotics for treating A. infections. Phage tail fiber and spike proteins are essential host recognition, with some exhibiting depolymerase activity that aids degrading the bacterial cell wall, facilitating infection. Detailed studies of functional domains responsible receptor-binding phage fiber/spike crucial step toward developing effective treatments. Results A total 32 were identified across 313 from 204 publicly available phages using InterPro AlphaFold3. Domains associated function Pectin lyase-like domain (PLD), phage_tailspike_middle (PTMD), Transglycosidases (TGD), SGNH hydrolase (SHD). These primarily found Autographiviridae family, specifically within Friunavirus genus. predominant PLD displayed high variability, its sequence conserved only 25-amino-acid region among two closely related protein lineages. All enzymatic exhibit diversity yet retain structural stability, which is function. As domains, four types pyocin_knob (PKD) initially identified, characterized by unique β-sheet α-helix configurations. Each type PKD exhibited distinct potential sites, located region, was Obolenskvirus genus, as well Straboviridae families. G3DSA:2.60.40.3940 domain, minor variations, predominantly Additionally, novel Obo-β-sandwich structure, discovered genus cluster. these accounts their interactions various receptors. Conclusions This research deepens understanding relationship between genera proteins, emphasizing compatibility characteristics roles. data obtained could serve reference targeted modification or enhancing therapeutic applications.

Язык: Английский

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Bayesian Evaluation of Phage Therapy Efficacy Against Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107508 - 107508

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Isolation and Characterization of Novel Bacteriophages to Target Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(7), С. 610 - 610

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2024

The spread of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals and nursing homes poses serious healthcare challenges. Therefore, we aimed to isolate characterize lytic bacteriophages targeting carbapenem-resistant (CRAB). Of the 21 isolated A. phages, 11 exhibited potent activities against clinical isolates CRAB. Based on host spectrum RAPD-PCR results, phages were categorized into four groups. Three (vB_AbaP_W8, vB_AbaSi_W9, vB_AbaSt_W16) further characterized owing their antibacterial efficacy, morphology, whole-genome sequence found lyse 37.93%, 89.66%, respectively, 29 tested CRAB isolates. varied depending multilocus type (MLST) three contained linear double-stranded DNA genomes, with sizes 41,326–166,741 bp GC contents 34.4–35.6%. Genome-wide phylogenetic analysis single gene-based tree construction revealed no correlation among phages. Moreover, genes associated lysogeny, antibiotic resistance, or bacterial toxins. novel represent potential candidates for phage therapy infections.

Язык: Английский

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Phage therapy: A renewed approach against oral diseases caused by Enterococcus faecalis infections

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 189, С. 106574 - 106574

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic Antimicrobial Effects of Phage vB_AbaSi_W9 and Antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii Infection

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(7), С. 680 - 680

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024

Acinetobacter baumannii is a challenging multidrug-resistant pathogen in healthcare. Phage vB_AbaSi_W9 (GenBank: PP146379.1), identified our previous study, shows lytic activity against 26 (89.66%) of 29 carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) strains with various sequence types (STs). It promising candidate for CRAB treatment; however, its efficiency insufficient complete bacterial lysis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the clinical utility phage by identifying antimicrobial agents that show synergistic effects when combined it. The A. ATCC17978 strain was used as host vB_AbaSi_W9. Adsorption and one-step growth assays were performed at MOIs 0.001 0.01, respectively. Four belonging different types, KBN10P04948 (ST191), LIS2013230 (ST208), KBN10P05982 (ST369), KBN10P05231 (ST451), phage-antibiotic synergy. Five antibiotics tested following concentration: meropenem (0.25-512 µg/mL); colistin, tigecycline, rifampicin (0.25-256 ampicillin/sulbactam (0.25/0.125-512/256 µg/mL). vitro effect verified through an vivo mouse infection model. demonstrated 90% adsorption cells 1 min, 20 min latent period, burst size 114 PFU/cell. Experiments combining pronounced tigecycline rifampicin. In model infected group treated (100 μg/mL) (MOI 1) achieved 100% survival rate-a significant improvement over phage-only treatment (8.3% rate) or antibiotic-only (25% groups. bacteriophage excellent synergy rifampicin, suggesting potential candidates combination therapy treating infections.

Язык: Английский

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Structural diversity among Acinetobacter baumannii K-antigens and its implication in the in silico serotyping

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging opportunistic pathogen. It exhibits multi-, extreme-, and pan-drug resistance against several classes of antibiotics. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS or K-antigen) one the major virulence factors which aids A. in evading host immune system. K-antigens exploit Wzx/Wzy-dependent pathway that involves 13 different proteins for its assembly transport onto outer membrane. A total 64 (out 237 K-locus(KL) types) known K-antigen sugar repeating structures are discussed here classified into seven groups based on their initial sugars, QuiNAc4NAc, GalNAc, GlcNAc, Gal, QuiNAc/FucNAc, FucNAc, GlcNAc along with Leg5Ac7Ac/Leg5Ac7R. Thus, corresponding initializing glycosyltransferases (ItrA1, ItrA2, ItrA3, ItrA4, ItrB1, ItrB3, ItrA3 ItrB2) exhibit serotype specificity. The modeled 3D-structural repository can be accessed at https://project.iith.ac.in/ABSD/k_antigen.html . topology further reveals presence 2-6 0-4 monomers main side chains, respectively. negatively (predominant) neutrally charged observed Such diversity composition provides K-typing specificity ( viz ., 18–69% terms reliability) Wza, Wzb, Wzc, Wzx, Wzy involved pathway. Interestingly, degree uniqueness these among K-types estimated to 76.79%, considering reference sequences. This article summarizes structural creation a digital systematic analysis transportation marker proteins.

Язык: Английский

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Selection and validation of reference genes suitable for gene expression analysis by Reverse Transcription Quantitative real-time PCR in Acinetobacter baumannii

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacterium considered an emerging multi-drug-resistant pathogen. Furthermore, this can survive in extreme environmental conditions, which makes it frequent cause of nosocomial infection outbreaks. Gene expression analyses by Reverse Transcription Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) depend on reference gene, also called endogenous used to normalize the generated data and thus ensure accurate analysis with minimal errors. Currently, gene A. are compromised, as there no reports literature describing identification validated genes for use RT-qPCR analyses. For reason, we selected twelve candidate assessed their profile under different experimental culture conditions. The stability was evaluated using statistical algorithms such BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder, Delta C T , RefFinder, order identify most suitable indicated rpoB rpoD fabD adequate normalization . accuracy proposed them ompA encoding outer membrane protein A, sensible resistant antibiotic polymyxin. present work provides precise future studies

Язык: Английский

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Isolation and genome-wide analysis of the novel Acinetobacter baumannii bacteriophage vB_AbaM_AB3P2

Archives of Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 169(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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