The host-associated archaeome

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(11), С. 622 - 636

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Lifestyle and Horizontal Gene Transfer-Mediated Evolution of Mucispirillum schaedleri, a Core Member of the Murine Gut Microbiota

mSystems, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2017

Shifts in gut microbiota composition have been associated with intestinal inflammation, but it remains unclear whether inflammation-associated bacteria are commensal or detrimental to their host. Here, we studied the lifestyle of bacterium Mucispirillum schaedleri , which is inflammation widely used mouse models. We found that M. has specialized systems handle oxidative stress during inflammation. Additionally, expresses secretion and effector proteins can modify mucosal gene expression its This suggests undergoes intimate interactions host may play a role The insights presented here aid our understanding how be involved altering susceptibility disease.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity, diabetes, and the gut microbiome: an updated review

Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 13(1), С. 3 - 15

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2018

Introduction: Obesity and diabetes are two of the most prevalent health problems leading causes death globally. As research on intestinal microbiome increases, so does our understanding its intricate relationship to these diseases, although this has yet be fully elucidated.Areas covered: This review evaluates role gut in obesity diabetes, including influences internal environmental factors. Literature searches were performed using keywords 'diabetes,' 'insulin resistance,' 'gut microbiome,' microbes,' 'obesity,' 'weight gain.'Expert commentary: Highlights recent include new findings regarding effects caloric restriction, which expound importance diet shaping microbiome, studies reinforcing lasting implications antibiotic use for obesity, particularly repeated doses early childhood.Mechanistically, interactions between host innate immune system, mediated by TLR4-LPS signaling, have been shown meditate metabolic benefits restriction. Further, microbes haven now regulate oxygen availability via butyrate production, thus protecting against proliferation pathogens such as E. coli Salmonella. However, many microbial metabolites remain unidentified their roles determined.

Язык: Английский

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Association of Flavonifractor plautii, a Flavonoid-Degrading Bacterium, with the Gut Microbiome of Colorectal Cancer Patients in India

mSystems, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 4(6)

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2019

Recently, dysbiosis in the human gut microbiome and shifts relative abundances of several bacterial species have been recognized as important factors colorectal cancer (CRC). However, these studies carried out mainly developed countries where CRC has a high incidence, it is unclear whether host-microbiome relationships deduced from can be generalized to global population. To test if documented associations between are conserved distinct context, we performed metagenomic metabolomic association on fecal samples 30 patients healthy controls two different locations India, followed by comparison data available other populations. We confirmed Bacteroides taxa with that previously reported studies. Flavonifractor plautii Indian emerged novel finding. The plausible role F. appears linked degradation beneficial anticarcinogenic flavonoids, which was also found significantly correlated enzymes modules involved flavonoid within samples. Thus, hypothesize flavonoids might playing progression this cohort. identified 20 potential microbial taxonomic markers 33 gene discriminate microbiomes accuracy based machine learning approaches.IMPORTANCE This study provides insights CRC-associated unique cohort reveals new bacterium CRC, identifies cohort-specific biomarkers, potentially used noninvasive diagnosis CRC. gains additional significance, India among very low incidence diet lifestyle associated Indians compared study, relationship an

Язык: Английский

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Systematic analysis of gut microbiome reveals the role of bacterial folate and homocysteine metabolism in Parkinson’s disease

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 34(9), С. 108807 - 108807

Опубликована: Март 1, 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common progressive neurological disorder compromising motor functions. However, nonmotor symptoms, such as gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction, precede those affecting movement. Evidence of an early involvement GI tract and enteric nervous system highlights need for better understanding role gut microbiota in complications PD. Here, we investigate microbiome patients with PD using metagenomics serum metabolomics. We integrate these data metabolic modeling construct integrative correlation network giving insight into key microbial species linked severity, age Functional analysis reveals increased capability to degrade mucin host glycans Personalized community-level contribution folate deficiency hyperhomocysteinemia observed The approach could be applied uncover contributions pathophysiology.

Язык: Английский

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