Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2022

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(5), P. 409 - 436

Published: June 23, 2022

The number of cancer survivors continues to increase in the United States due growth and aging population as well advances early detection treatment. To assist public health community better serving these individuals, American Cancer Society National Institute collaborate triennially estimate prevalence using incidence survival data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results registries, vital statistics Centers for Disease Control Prevention's Center Health Statistics, projections US Census Bureau. Current treatment patterns based on information Database are presented most prevalent types by race, cancer-related treatment-related side-effects also briefly described. More than 18 million Americans (8.3 males 9.7 females) with a history were alive January 1, 2022. 3 cancers prostate (3,523,230), melanoma skin (760,640), colon rectum (726,450) among breast (4,055,770), uterine corpus (891,560), thyroid (823,800) females. one-half (53%) diagnosed within past 10 years, two-thirds (67%) aged 65 years or older. One largest racial disparities is rectal cancer, which 41% Black patients stage I disease receive proctectomy proctocolectomy compared 66% White patients. Surgical receipt substantially lower non-small cell lung 49% stages I-II 16% III versus 55% 22% patients, respectively. These exacerbated fact that continue be less likely cancers, some female (53% vs 68%) endometrial (59% 73%). Although there growing tools can caregivers, clinicians navigating various phases survivorship, further evidence-based strategies equitable access available resources needed mitigate communities color optimize care people cancer. CA J Clin. 2022;72:409-436.

Language: Английский

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Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73(3), P. 233 - 254

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of death in United States. Every 3 years, American Cancer Society provides an update CRC statistics based on incidence from population‐based registries and mortality National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, approximately 153,020 individuals will be diagnosed with 52,550 die disease, including 19,550 cases 3750 deaths younger than 50 years. The decline slowed 3%–4% annually during 2000s to 1% 2011–2019, driven partly by increase 55 years 1%–2% since mid‐1990s. Consequently, proportion among those increased 11% 1995 20% 2019. Incidence circa 2010 65 regional‐stage disease about 2%–3% distant‐stage 0.5%–3% annually, reversing overall shift earlier stage diagnosis that occurred through 2005. For example, 60% all new were advanced 2019 versus 52% mid‐2000s 57% 1995, before widespread screening. There also a left‐sided tumors, rectal increasing 27% 31% declined 2% 2011–2020 but Native Americans summary, despite continued declines, rapidly shifting at age, more stage, left colon/rectum. Progress against could accelerated uncovering etiology rising generations born 1950 access high‐quality screening treatment populations, especially Americans.

Language: Английский

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Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 11, 2023

Abstract Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process regulated by various pro- anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays crucial role in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis. With advances molecular cellular biology, biomolecules such as growth factors, chemokines, adhesion factors involved angiogenesis has gradually been elucidated. Targeted therapeutic research based on these molecules driven treatment to become promising strategy anti-tumor therapy. The most widely used agents include monoclonal antibodies tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) pathway. However, clinical benefit this modality still limited due several defects adverse events, acquired drug resistance, recurrence, lack validated biomarkers, impel further mechanisms angiogenesis, development multiple drugs combination therapy figure out how improve efficacy. Here, we broadly summarize signaling pathways discuss current challenges We also propose approaches efficacy provide perspective for

Language: Английский

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Clinical management of metastatic colorectal cancer in the era of precision medicine

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(4), P. 372 - 401

Published: April 26, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents approximately 10% of all cancers and is the second most common cause deaths. Initial clinical presentation as metastatic CRC (mCRC) occurs in 20% patients. Moreover, up to 50% patients with localized disease eventually develop metastases. Appropriate management these still a challenging medical issue. Major efforts have been made unveil molecular landscape mCRC. This has resulted identification several druggable tumor targets aim developing personalized treatments for each patient. review summarizes improvements mCRC emerging era precision medicine. In fact, stratification, on which current treatment algorithm based, although it does not completely represent complexity this disease, first significant step toward clinically informative genetic profiling implementing more effective therapeutic approaches. relevant increase control patient survival. The next steps will be integrate comprehensive knowledge gene alterations, microenvironment protein expression profiling, host immune competence well application resulting dynamic changes medicine-based continuum care approach could result individual prognostic predictive parameters, help clinician choosing appropriate program(s) throughout entire journey CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72:000-000.

Language: Английский

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Targeting m⁶A reader YTHDF1 augments antitumour immunity and boosts anti-PD-1 efficacy in colorectal cancer

Gut, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(8), P. 1497 - 1509

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

The role of N

Language: Английский

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The current understanding on the impact of KRAS on colorectal cancer

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 140, P. 111717 - 111717

Published: May 24, 2021

KRAS (kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene) is a member of the RAS family. mutations are one most dominant in colorectal cancer (CRC). The impact on prognosis and survival CRC patients drives many research studies to explore potential therapeutics or target therapy for mutant CRC. This review summarizes current understanding pathological consequences development CRC; response sensitivity front-line chemotherapy. therapeutic strategies treating CRC, difficulties challenges will also be discussed.

Language: Английский

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Metabolism and Colorectal Cancer

Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 467 - 492

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC cells are geared toward rapid proliferation, requiring nutrients and the removal cellular waste in nutrient-poor environments. Intestinal stem (ISCs), primary cell origin for CRCs, must adapt their along adenoma-carcinoma sequence to unique features complex microenvironment that include interactions with intestinal epithelial cells, immune stromal commensal microbes, dietary components. Emerging evidence implicates modifiable risk factors related environment, such as diet, important pathogenesis. Here, we focus on describing ISCs, diets influence initiation, genetics metabolism, tumor microenvironment. The mechanistic links between environmental factors, metabolic adaptations, enhancing or supporting tumorigenesis becoming better understood. Thus, greater knowledge holds promise improved prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Identification of novel protein biomarkers and drug targets for colorectal cancer by integrating human plasma proteome with genome

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Abstract Background The proteome is a major source of therapeutic targets. We conducted proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify candidate protein markers and targets for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) were derived from seven published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on plasma proteome, summary-level data extracted 4853 circulating markers. Genetic associations with CRC obtained large-scale GWAS meta-analysis (16,871 cases 26,328 controls), the FinnGen cohort (4957 304,197 UK Biobank (9276 477,069 controls). Colocalization summary-data-based MR (SMR) analyses performed sequentially verify causal role proteins. Single cell-type expression analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI), druggability evaluation further detect specific cell type enrichment prioritize potential Results Collectively, genetically predicted levels 13 proteins associated risk. Elevated two (GREM1, CHRDL2) decreased 11 an increased risk CRC, among which four CLSTN3, CSF2RA, CD86) prioritized most convincing evidence. These protein-coding genes are mainly expressed in tissue stem cells, epithelial monocytes colon tumor tissue. Two interactive pairs (GREM1 CHRDL2; MMP2 TIMP2) identified be involved osteoclast differentiation tumorigenesis pathways; (POLR2F, CD86, MMP2) have been targeted drug development autoimmune diseases other cancers, potentials being repurposed as CRC. Conclusions This several biomarkers provided new insights into etiology promising screening drugs

Language: Английский

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Microenvironmental ammonia enhances T cell exhaustion in colorectal cancer

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 134 - 149.e6

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Acetyltransferase fromAkkermansia muciniphilablunts colorectal tumourigenesis by reprogramming tumour microenvironment

Gut, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(7), P. 1308 - 1318

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

The protein post-translational modification (PTM) in host cells can be rewritten by bacterial enzymes and represents an unprecedented mechanism the communication between intestinal flora host. Although Akkermansia muciniphila has been widely investigated as a probiotic blunts colitis-associated tumourigenesis mice, there is little understanding regarding whether A. involved PTM of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigates how engages CRC.The secreting extracellular vesicles from purified Amuc_2172 were used for different mice models. Amuc_2172-induced immune activity CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) evaluated vitro vivo. acetyltransferase downstream target genes investigated.Amuc_2172, general control non-derepressible 5-related muciniphila, was accessible to macropinocytosis functioned Lys14 on histone H3 (H3K14ac). Elevated H3K14ac Hspa1a loci promoted transcription secretion heat-shock 70 (HSP70) cells. High level HSP70 CTLs Moreover, bioengineered nanoparticles provided safe reliable drug delivery strategy CRC treatment allograft model.Amuc_2172 reprogrammed tumour microenvironment inducing promoting CTL-related response process tumourigenesis.

Language: Английский

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