Cannabis Use, Cannabis Use Disorder, and Comorbid Psychiatric Illness: A Narrative Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 15 - 15

Published: Dec. 23, 2020

Background: The landscape of attitudes, legal status and patterns use cannabis is rapidly changing in the United States elsewhere. Therefore, primary aim this narrative review to provide a concise overview literature on comorbidity disorder (CUD) with other substance psychiatric disorders, information accurately guide future directions for field. Methods: A PubMed was conducted studies relating use, CUD, co-occurring disorder. To an representative data, focused national-level, population-based work from National Epidemiologic Survey Alcohol Related Conditions (NESARC) Drug Use Health (NSDUH) surveys. Considering laws, recent (past five-year) were addressed. Results: strong body shows associations between CUD drug psychosis, mood anxiety personality disorders. strongest evidence potential causal relationship exists psychotic While some directionality results are inconsistent. Studies have established higher rates among those but little about specifics understood. Conclusions: Although general population increasingly perceives be harmless substance, empirical that associated both comorbid illness. However, there mixed regarding role etiology, course, prognosis across all categories Future research should expand existing representative, longitudinal order better understand acute long-term effects

Language: Английский

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Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(6), P. e2113025 - e2113025

Published: June 22, 2021

Importance

During the past decade, cannabis use among US adults has increased markedly, with a parallel increase in suicidality (ideation, plan, attempt, and death). However, associations between young are poorly understood.

Objective

To determine whether disorder (CUD) associated higher prevalence of or without depression to assess these vary by sex.

Design, Setting, Participants

This survey study examined data from 281 650 aged 18 34 years who participated National Surveys on Drug Use Health. Data were collected January 1, 2008, December 31, 2019.

Exposures

Prevalence past-year daily near-daily (≥300 days year), CUD, major depressive episode (MDE). Past-year CUD MDE based onDSM-IVdiagnostic criteria.

Main Outcomes Measures

suicidal ideation, attempt.

Results

Among (men, 49.9% [95% CI, 49.6%-50.2%]; women, 50.1% 49.8%-50.4%]) included analysis, ideation plan along all sociodemographic subgroups (except current high-school students), suicide attempt most subgroups. trends adjusted varied nondaily MDE. After controlling for MDE, status, potential confounding factors, 1.4 1.6 times 2008-2009 2018-2019 periods (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] 1.3-1.5]; ARR 1.5-1.9]; 1.2-1.7]), 2008 2009 as reference period. use, both sexes (eg, individuals those vs was 13.9% 3.5% women 9.9% 3.0% men;P< .001), but significantly more so than men 52% [23.7%] [15.6%];P < .001).

Conclusions Relevance

From 2019, 40% 60% over increases ascribed Future research is needed examine this it due overlapping factors.

Language: Английский

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Nondisordered Cannabis Use Among US Adolescents

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. e2311294 - e2311294

Published: May 3, 2023

Importance Cannabis use is increasingly viewed by adolescents as not harmful. Youths with cannabis disorder (CUD) are recognized clinicians being at risk for adverse outcomes, yet little known about the associations between subclinical (ie, nondisordered [NDCU]) and psychosocial events. Objective To describe prevalence demographics of NDCU to compare events among no use, NDCU, CUD. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used a nationally representative sample derived from 2015 2019 National Survey on Drug Use Health. were aged 12 17 years, separated into 3 distinct groups: nonuse (no recent use), (recent below diagnostic threshold), Analysis was conducted January May 2022. Exposures CUD, or nonuse. defined endorsing but meeting Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders ( Fifth Edition ) DSM-5 CUD criteria. using Main Outcomes Measures The main outcomes criteria adjusted sociodemographic characteristics. Results 68 263 respondents (mean [SD] age, 14.5 [1.7] years; 34 773 [50.9%] males) included in analysis represented an estimated yearly mean 25 million US during 2019. Among respondents, 1675 (2.5%) had 6971 (10.2%) 59 617 (87.3%) reported Compared nonusers, individuals approximately 2 4 times greater odds all examined, including major depression (adjusted ratio [aOR], 1.86; 95% CI, 1.67-2.08), suicidal ideation (aOR, 2.08; 1.88-2.29), slower thoughts 1.76; 1.58-1.96), difficulty concentrating 1.81; 1.65-2.00), truancy 1.90; 1.67-2.16), low grade point average 1.80; 1.62-2.00), arrest 4.15; 3.17-5.43), fighting 2.04; 1.80-2.31), aggression 2.16; 1.79-2.62). Prevalence greatest (range, 12.6% 41.9%), followed 5.2% 30.4%), then 0.8% 17.3%). Conclusions Relevance In this adolescents, past-year prevalent A stepwise gradient association observed adolescent context normalization prospective research necessary.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis use and mood disorders: a systematic review

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 9, 2024

Background Problematic cannabis use is highly prevalent among people with mood disorders. This underscores the need to understand effects of and cannabinoids in this population, especially considering legalization recreational use. Objectives We aimed (1) systematically evaluate cross-sectional longitudinal studies investigating interplay between use, disorder (CUD), occurrence disorders symptoms, a focus on major depressive (MDD) bipolar (BD) and; (2) examine prognosis treatment outcomes MDD BD. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted an extensive search for English-language potential impact development published from inception through November 2023, using EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE databases. Results Our literature identified 3,262 studies, 78 meeting inclusion criteria. found that associated increased manic symptoms general population addition elevated likelihood developing Furthermore, observed linked unfavorable both or Discussion findings suggest may negatively influence development, course, Future well-designed type, amount, frequency while addressing confounding factors, are imperative comprehensive understanding relationship. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023481634 .

Language: Английский

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Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Background There are well-established literatures documenting the associations between mental disorders and unhealthy behaviors such as poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, cannabis tobacco use. Few studies have attempted to understand respective findings in light of each other, however. Objective The purpose this review was assemble comparable data for behavior-disorder association assess terms their overall strength. aimed include a representative, but not exhaustive, range that would allow explorative comparisons. Methods Eligible were identified via Pubmed searches citation searching, restricted publications no older than 2015 written English. To obtain data, only reported odds ratios included, risk bias related study samples, behavioral measurement disparities, control variables assessed sensitivity analyses. Findings disorder compared on basis different measures central tendency. Results From 3,682 records, 294 included. found evidence four psychosis, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), post-traumatic stress (PTSD), while personality investigated relation In comparison, generally similar strength, use exceptional being significantly stronger its counterparts across behaviors. Analyses some influence from disparities lack adequate statistical control, robust Conclusion This comparative about equally strongly associated with disorders. Given general nature these associations, we should probably them reflect shared etiology. However, be regarded tentative until confirmed by more comprehensive investigations.

Language: Английский

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Associations between cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, and mood disorders: longitudinal, genetic, and neurocognitive evidence

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 239(5), P. 1231 - 1249

Published: Nov. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Associations between tobacco and cannabis use and anxiety and depression among adults in the United States: Findings from the COVID-19 citizen science study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. e0289058 - e0289058

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Background Little is known about whether people who use both tobacco and cannabis (co-use) are more or less likely to have mental health disorders than single substance users non-users. We aimed examine associations between of and/or with anxiety depression. Methods analyzed data from the COVID-19 Citizen Science Study, a digital cohort study, collected via online surveys during 2020–2022 convenience sample 53,843 US adults (≥ 18 years old) nationwide. Past 30-day was self-reported at baseline categorized into four exclusive patterns: tobacco-only use, cannabis-only co-use substances, non-use. Anxiety depression were repeatedly measured in monthly surveys. To account for multiple assessments outcomes within participant, we used Generalized Estimating Equations patterns each outcome. Results In total (mean age 51.0 old, 67.9% female), 4.9% reported 6.9% 1.6% co-use, 86.6% Proportions reporting highest group (26.5% 28.3%, respectively) lowest non-use (10.6% 11.2%, respectively). Compared non-use, adjusted odds ( : OR = 1 . 89 , 95%CI 64–2 18; Depression 77 46–2 16 ), followed by use. (OR 35 08–1 69) 17 00–1 37 ) associated higher anxiety, but not Daily (vs. non-daily use) cigarettes, e-cigarettes, Conclusions Use cannabis, particularly poor health. Integrating support cessation may address this co-morbidity.

Language: Английский

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Medicinal cannabis for psychiatry-related conditions: an overview of current Australian prescribing

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 6, 2023

Objective: Evidence is accumulating that components of the Cannabis sativa plant may have therapeutic potential in treating psychiatric disorders. Medicinal cannabis (MC) products are legally available for prescription Australia, primarily through Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) Special Access Scheme B (SAS-B). Here we investigated recent prescribing practices indications under SAS-B by Australian doctors. Methods: The dataset, obtained from TGA, included information on MC applications made doctors process between 1st November 2016 and 30th September 2022 inclusive. Details primary conditions treated, patient demographics, prescriber location, product type (e.g., oil, flower or capsule) general cannabinoid content products. treated were categorized according to Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders, 5th edition, text revision (DSM-5-TR). Trends over time analyzed via polynomial regression, relationships categorical variables determined correspondence analyses. Results: Approximately 300,000 approvals prescribe had been issued period investigation. This 38 different DSM-5-TR defined (33.9% total approvals). majority anxiety disorders (66.7% psychiatry-related prescribing), sleep-wake (18.2%), trauma- stressor-related (5.8%), neurodevelopmental (4.4%). Oil most prescribed (53.0%), followed (31.2%) other inhaled (12.4%). CBD-dominant comprised around 20% particularly prevalent treatment autism spectrum disorder. largest proportion was patients aged 25-39 years (46.2% Recent dramatic increases attention deficit hyperactivity disorder identified. Conclusion: A significant Australia indications. often appears somewhat "experimental", given it involves ADHD, depression) which definitive clinical evidence efficacy lacking. high prevalence THC-containing being possible concern problems associated with this drug. Evidence-based guidance use psychiatry lacking would clearly be benefit prescribers.

Language: Английский

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Access to mental health support, unmet need and preferences among adolescents during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic

Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 182 - 190

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread effects on adolescent mental health. However, little is known about support-seeking, unmet need and preferences for health care among adolescents.The Youth Development Instrument (YDI) a school-administered survey of adolescents (N = 1928, mean age 17.1, SD 0.3) across British Columbia, Canada. In this cohort, we assessed the characteristics accessed supports, prevalence in-person versus internet-based services.Overall, 40% obtained support health, while 41% experienced need. most commonly supports were family doctors or pediatricians (23.1%) adults at school (20.6%). preferred mode was counselling (72.4%), followed by chat-based services (15.0%), phone call (8.1%) video (4.4%). adjusted accessing elevated with anxiety (adjusted ratio [aPR] 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10-1.51), those who used alcohol (1.14, 1.01-1.29), gender minorities (1.28, 1.03-1.58) sexual 1.03-1.45). depression (1.90, 1.67-2.18), (1.78, 1.56-2.03), females (1.43, 1.31-1.58), (1.45, 1.23-1.70) (1.15, 1.07-1.23).Adolescents minority status more likely than others to have discussed concerns also reported common sources primary providers school, least modes services, respectively.La pandémie de eu des effets importants sur la santé mentale adolescents. Toutefois, en sait peu recherche soutien, les besoins non comblés et préférences matière soins mentale.L’instrument YDI (Youth Instrument, ou mesure du développement jeunes) est une enquête menée auprès d’adolescents 1 928; âge moyen 17,1; écart-type [ET] 0,3) dans écoles Colombie-Britannique (Canada). Nous avons évalué, cohorte l’enquête, caractéristiques ressources soutien consultées, prévalence préférence pour offerts personne Internet.Dans l’ensemble, 40 % ont déclaré avoir consulté ressource 41 vu leurs comblés. Les le plus souvent consultées été médecins famille pédiatres (23,1 %) adultes à l’école (20,6 %). Le prestation préféré par était counseling (72,4 %), suivi clavardage (15,0 téléphone (8,1 appel vidéo (4,4 La ajustée l’accès élevée chez souffrant d’anxiété (ratio ajusté [RPa] 1,29; intervalle confiance [IC] 95 : 1,10 1,51), consommant l’alcool (RPa 1,14; IC 1,01 1,29), minorités genre 1,28; 1,03 1,58) sexuelles 1,45). dépression (1,90; 1,67 2,18), 1,78; 1,56 2,03), adolescentes 1,43; 1,31 1,58), (1,45; 1,23 1,70) 1,15; 1,07 1,23).Les faisant partie d’une minorité sexuelle susceptibles que autres d’avoir parlé préoccupations lien avec leur également fait état courantes fournisseurs primaires l’école, tandis moins aimé, vidéo.Among adolescents, during pandemic, school. counselling, calling. There particular depression, anxiety, minorities. Future interventions should target these underserved groups, emphasizing role care, school-based service options.Chez pendant COVID-19, l’école. celui qu’ils vidéo. appartenant nombreux mentale. futures devraient cibler ces groupes mal desservis mettre l’accent rôle primaires, milieu scolaire personne.

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The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ideation in Adults: A Population-based Analysis of the NHANES from 2005 to 2018

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 67(4), P. 260 - 268

Published: March 1, 2021

Objective: With the increasing prevalence of cannabis use, there is a growing concern about its association with depression and suicidality. The aim this study was to examine relationship between recent use suicidal ideation using nationally representative data set. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis adults undertaken National Health Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 2018. Participants were dichotomized by whether or not they had used in past 30 days. primary outcome ideation, secondary outcomes having recently seen mental health professional. Multiple logistic regression adjust for potential confounders, survey sample weights considered model. Results: Compared those no ( n = 18,599), users 3,127) more likely have experienced 2 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.54, 95% CI, 1.19 2.00, P 0.001), be depressed (aOR 1.53, 1.29 1.82, < professional 12 months 1.28, 1.04 1.59, 0.023). Conclusions: Cannabis days associated thinking adults. This multifactorial but highlights need specific guidelines policies prescription medical psychiatric therapy. Future research should continue characterize effects general population.

Language: Английский

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