Associations Between Infant Screen Use, Electroencephalography Markers, and Cognitive Outcomes

JAMA Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 177(3), P. 311 - 311

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Importance Research evidence is mounting for the association between infant screen use and negative cognitive outcomes related to attention executive functions. The nature, timing, persistence of time exposure on neural functions are currently unknown. Electroencephalography (EEG) permits elucidation correlates associated with impairments. Objective To examine associations time, EEG markers, school-age using mediation analysis structural equation modeling. Design, Setting, Participants This prospective maternal-child dyad cohort study included participants from population-based Growing Up in Singapore Toward Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO). Pregnant mothers were enrolled their first trimester June 2009 through December 2010. A subset children who completed neurodevelopmental visits at ages 12 months 9 years had performed age 18 months. Data reported 3 points months, years. Mediation analyses used investigate how involved paths latent construct functioning. this collected November 2010 March 2020 analyzed October 2021 May 2022. Exposures Parent-reported Main Measures Power spectral density was Child measured teacher-reported questionnaires objective laboratory-based tasks Results In sample 437 children, mean (SD) follow-up 8.84 (0.07) years, 227 (51.9%) male. amount daily 2.01 (1.86) hours. Screen contributed multiple 9-year functioning measures (η 2 , 0.03-0.16; Cohen d 0.35-0.87). 157 months; relative theta power theta/beta ratio frontocentral parietal regions showed a graded correlation 12-month ( r = 0.35-0.37). model accounting household income, ratios partially mediated school (exposure-mediator β, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.22 0.59; mediator-outcome −0.38; −0.64 −0.11), forming an indirect path that accounted 39.4% association. Conclusions Relevance study, altered cortical activity before years; identified markers Further efforts urgently needed distinguish direct compared family factors predispose early function

Language: Английский

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Increased incidence of overweight and obesity among preschool Swedish children during the COVID-19 pandemic

European Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 127 - 131

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had wide effects on child health globally. Increased prevalence of childhood obesity been observed by a number countries during the pandemic. absence formal societal lockdown pandemic, made Sweden stand out compared to other countries. This study aims examine changes in BMI among preschool children before and Methods Retrospective population-based cross-sectional study, with longitudinal follow-up for portion children. included 25 049 from three Swedish regions, growth measures at 3- (n = 16 237), 4- 14 437) 5-years age 11 711). Care Need Index was used as socioeconomic parameter centre level. Results There an increase aged (P 0.028) four (P<0.001) Obesity 3-year-old girls increased 2.8% 3.9%. Four-year-olds obesity, overweight (girls) underweight decreased boys. No change 5-year-olds. Children areas low status higher risk obesity. Conclusions Overweight 4-year-old Sweden, findings that were accentuated attending centres lower status. is likely have affected behaviours negatively Our results expose need extended efforts directed prevent especially targeting areas.

Language: Английский

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US Adults Practicing Healthy Lifestyles Before and During COVID-19: Comparative Analysis of National Surveys

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. e45697 - e45697

Published: March 20, 2023

Practicing healthy lifestyles can reduce the risk to develop noncommunicable diseases and related mortality. Studies showed that practicing could enhance disease-free life expectancy preserve bodily functions. However, engagement in lifestyle behavior was suboptimal.This study aimed define individuals' characteristics before during COVID-19 determine factors associated with a lifestyle. This cross-sectional conducted using data from 2019 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.US individuals aged ≥18 years were interviewed via phone call. Healthy assessed through corresponding questions regarding maintenance of optimal body weight, physical activity, daily consumption at least five portions fruits vegetables, current smoking status, alcohol consumption. Missing imputed package R statistical software. The effects on cases without missing those imputation reported.There 550,607 respondents (272,543 278,064 2021, respectively) included this analysis. rates 4% (10,955/272,543) 3.6% (10,139/278,064) respectively. Although 36.6% (160,629/438,693) all had data, results logistic regression analysis for similar. Of imputation, women (odds ratio [OR] 1.87) residing urban areas (OR 1.24) high education levels 1.73) good or better health status 1.59) more likely practice healthier than young 0.51-0.67) low household income 0.74-0.78) chronic conditions 0.48-0.74).A should be strongly promoted community level. In particular, rate targeted.

Language: Английский

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Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Mental Health

Current Psychiatry Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 493 - 501

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Determinants of Outdoor Time in Children and Youth: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 1328 - 1328

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Spending more time outdoors can improve children’s social and cognitive development, physical activity, vision. Our systematic review summarized the determinants of outdoor (OT) based on social-ecological model. We searched nine databases: MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Web Science, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, SocINDEX, ProQuest Dissertations Theses. To be included, studies needed to quantitative longitudinal, include ≥1 potential determinant OT among 0- 17-year-olds, published in English, French, Japanese, or Spanish. extracted authors, publication year, country, design, sample size, measures, follow-up period, determinants, main results, moderators mediators. Fifty-five examining 119 met inclusion criteria. was consistently higher warmer seasons participants reporting at baseline. All three interventions that included both parent sessions additional resources promote (e.g., specific advice community guides) were effective. COVID-19 restrictions sun safety discouraging midday activities led less OT. The quality evidence rated as weak for 46 studies. Most examined ≤3 studies; thus, longitudinal are enable stronger conclusions about consistency meta-analyses.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Policies, Pandemic Disruptions, and Changes in Child Mental Health and Sleep in the United States

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. e232716 - e232716

Published: March 13, 2023

Importance The adverse effects of COVID-19 containment policies disrupting child mental health and sleep have been debated. However, few current estimates correct biases these potential effects. Objectives To determine whether financial school disruptions related to unemployment rates were separately associated with perceived stress, sadness, positive affect, COVID-19–related worry, sleep. Design, Setting, Participants This cohort study was based on the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study Rapid Response Release used data collected 5 times between May December 2020. Indexes state-level (restrictive, supportive) county-level plausibly address confounding through 2-stage limited information maximum likelihood instrumental variables analyses. Data from 6030 US children aged 10 13 years included. analysis conducted 2021 January 2023. Exposures Policy-induced (lost wages or work due economic impact); policy-induced (switches online partial in-person schooling). Main Outcomes Measures Perceived stress scale, National Institutes Health (NIH)–Toolbox NIH-Toolbox (latency, inertia, duration). Results In this study, included in sample (weighted median [IQR] age, [12-13] years; 2947 [48.9%] females, 273 [4.5%] Asian children, 461 [7.6%] Black 1167 [19.4%] Hispanic 3783 [62.7%] White 347 [5.7%] other multiracial ethnicity). After imputing missing data, experiencing disruption a 205.2% [95% CI, 52.9%-509.0%] increase 112.1% 22.2%-268.1%] 32.9% 3.5%-53.4%] decrease 73.9 13.2-134.7] percentage-point moderate-to-extreme worry. There no association health. Neither nor Conclusions Relevance our knowledge, presents first bias-corrected linking policy-related outcomes. School did not affect indices children’s These findings suggest public policy should consider impact families pandemic measures, part protect until vaccines antiviral drugs become available.

Language: Английский

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Reduced Physical Activity and Increased Weight Status in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Children, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 178 - 178

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lifestyles of children and adolescents because restrictions imposed to contain infection. This systematic review examined possible reduction in children’s adolescents’ physical activity changes their BMI weight status. Methods: A (PROSPERO: CRD42024589208) English-language studies published up 1 October 2024 individuals with a mean age between 6 18 years that investigated data before during or after focused on status according age, sex, country making use PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, identified 1040 articles. Results: Following PRISMA statement, 26 articles whole set 138,737 were enclosed review. majority included moderate quality, as determined by Newcastle–Ottawa Scale adapted for observational studies. found decrease PA, an increase sedentary activities during/after lockdown, prevalence overweight obesity, especially males 8–11-year-olds. Conclusions: interruption restriction outdoor sports resulted more lifestyle among adolescents, contributing overall alarming implications related health risks other noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, adverse effects restrictive measures should be assessed when implementing public strategies pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Effects of outdoor play on body composition and physical performance in children: the Yamanashi Adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0317925 - e0317925

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Introduction Childhood is a pivotal developmental stage that substantially affects lifelong habits. Recent research has emphasized the vital role of outdoor play in children’s mental and physical well-being. Despite World Health Organization recommending 1 hour daily activity for children, knowledge gap exists regarding specific link between performance, body composition (evaluated through bioelectrical impedance analysis [BIA]), Methods Utilizing data from Japan Environment Children’s Study, national birth cohort study, this study included 494 eight-year-old participants. The assessment (height, weight, fat percentage, predicted muscle phase angle using BIA) performance (50 m sprint, standing long jump, 20 shuttle run, handgrip strength). Parents provided information on playtime. Results group with more demonstrated superior sports test results, particularly among boys. Girls engaged increased exhibited higher weights, whereas boys showed greater angles lower limbs. Handgrip strength correlated weight. Notably, association results was pronounced than girls, exhibiting stronger links to running jumping. Conclusion This pioneering explored relationship play, composition, children. Outdoor positively improved revealing sex disparities changes. Unlike previous studies focusing general development, scrutinized functions, uncovering correlations quality. Findings suggest impacts quality, especially boys, contributing enhanced Understanding these effects imperative promoting health.

Language: Английский

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Asia–Pacific consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for the early years

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32, P. 100641 - 100641

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Early childhood is a vital period for development and growth. Promoting beneficial lifestyle behaviours in early can help optimise children's health, learning, shape their adulthood offer the best protection against future non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In Asia-Pacific region, NCDs are significant causes of healthcare burden mortality. Furthermore, there also high prevalence adverse metabolic risk factors unhealthy among these children.Representatives from 19 nations and/or jurisdictions developed consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines years using GRADE-ADOLOPMENT framework.These apply to all infants, toddlers pre-schoolers below 5 age. The aim provide holistic practical approach activities by framing physical activity, sedentary behaviour sleep within period. Dietary patterns were included as they play an integral role health energy balance.Aligned with World Health Organization's Global Action Plan Prevention Control through promotion interventions life, cultivating healthy years, we children start life reduce region.Funded Integrated platform research advancing outcomes women children.

Language: Английский

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Physical fitness among children with diverse weight status during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-wide, cohort study based on the Slovenian physical fitness surveillance system (SLOfit)

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 100748 - 100748

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

COVID-19 public health crisis has exerted immediate negative impacts on children's physical fitness, but the longer-term effects are not clear, and impact children with excess weight is yet unknown. We examined changes in multiple components of fitness response to imposed restrictions, also a year after restrictions were terminated, compared these trends groups boys girls normal weight, overweight, or obesity before pandemic.Information was gathered through Slovenia's national surveillance system, included 41,330 (19,890 girls), aged 5-17, who had their levels measured yearly from 2019 2022. Multilevel linear mixed models, fitted separately for girls, used model individual-level over time centile score each test across 3 groups.Overall decreased markedly all categories between 2020, largest decreases Total Fitness Index observed overweight (-8.4 -7.7 centiles -8.3 -8.8 respectively, p < 0.001). While there some recovery overall level 2020 2022, it remained much lower 2022 most groups, apart obesity. that general cardiorespiratory body power, core, upper strength.A severe decline come close returning pre-pandemic population youth begs urgent population-wide initiatives will provide additional opportunities activity youth. Among vulnerable deserve special focus policies.Horizon (Grant no. 774548), Slovenian National Research Agency P5-0142), Croatian Science Foundation DOK-2020-01-3728).

Language: Английский

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