Functional modulation of the human gut microbiome by bacteria vehicled by cheese

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Since cheese is one of the most commonly and globally consumed fermented foods, scientific investigations in recent decades have focused on determining impact this dairy product human health well-being. However, modulatory effect exerted by autochthonous microbial community taxonomic composition associated functional potential gut microbiota still far from being fully dissected or understood. Here, through use an vitro gut-simulating cultivation model combination with multi-omics approaches, we shown that minor rather than dominant bacterial players are responsible for modulation consumers. These include taxa genera Enterococcus , Bacillus Clostridium, Hafnia . Indeed, they contribute to expand intestinal ecosystem introducing genes production metabolites relevant biological activity, including involved synthesis vitamins, short-chain fatty acids, amino acids. Furthermore, tracing microbiota-associated strains fecal samples consumers provided evidence horizontal transmission events, enabling detection particular transferred humans. Moreover, transcriptomic metabolomic analyses a horizontally transmitted (cheese-to-consumer) strain, i.e., paralvei T10, cultivated environment-simulating medium, confirmed concept cheese-derived bacteria may arsenal consumer’s microbiota. This highlights biologically contributions food microbes acquired consumption health. IMPORTANCE Diet universally recognized as primary factor influencing modulating both taxonomically functionally. In context, cheese, its own microbiota, serves not only source nourishment humans, but also nutrients Additionally, it act vehicle food-associated microorganisms which undergo transfer consumer, potentially host The current study can be traced repertoire significant implications

Language: Английский

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Cancer and the Microbiome of the Human Body

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(16), P. 2790 - 2790

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Cancer remains a public health concern worldwide, with its incidence increasing worldwide and expected to continue growing during the next decades. The microbiome has emerged as central factor in human disease, demonstrating an intricate relationship between cancer. Although some microbiomes present within local tissues have been shown restrict cancer development, mainly by interacting cells or host immune system, microorganisms are harmful risk factors for development. This review summarizes recent evidence concerning of most common types (i.e., lung, head neck, breast, gastric, colorectal, prostate, cervix cancers), providing general overview future clinical approaches perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Dietary resistant starch protects against post-antibiotic intestinal damage by restoring microbial homeostasis and preserving intestinal barrier function in meat duck

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(7), P. 105213 - 105213

Published: April 24, 2025

Resistant starch (RS) is recognized as a nutritional strategy that supports gut and overall host health by modulating microbiota. To directly assess the effects of RS on microbiota its role in improving intestinal barrier function meat ducks, this study first established an antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis model, which was characterized reduced diversity, dysfunction, inflammatory outburst following antibiotic exposure. Whereafter, addition to control group, ducks treated with antibiotics for 7 consecutive days were further allocated two groups fed basal diet derived from 12 % raw potato until 21 d. The results demonstrated dietary supplementation reversed reduction diversity restored Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Additionally, inclusion enriched beneficial bacterial genera, including Coprobacter, Odoribacter, Faecalibacterium (LDA score > 3). Post-antibiotic intervention led villus density muscular thickness, accompanied significant downregulation (P < 0.05) zonula occludens-1 mucin-2 expression, along increased serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels 0.05). Notably, significantly enhanced expression glucagon-like peptide receptor anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2, while suppressing caspase transcription. This resulted height thickness ileum Furthermore, remarkably levels, particularly interleukin-1β tumor necrosis factor-α, both serum. These likely linked alterations cecal microbiota, abundances Barnesiella, Ruminiclostridium 9, Megamonas, Faecalitalea, Adlercreutzia, Coprobacter Collinsella. In conclusion, mitigated structure promoting enterocyte proliferation reducing apoptosis. Consequently, helped alleviate systemic inflammation treatment.

Language: Английский

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Drosophila symbionts in infection: when a friend becomes an enemy

Infection and Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

The insect microbiome is comprised of extracellular microbial communities that colonize the host surfaces and endosymbionts reside inside cells tissues. Both these participate in essential aspects biology, including immune response interactions with pathogens. In recent years, our knowledge about role infection has increased tremendously. While many studies have highlighted microbiome's protective effect against various natural enemies insects, unexpected discoveries shown some members microbiota can facilitate pathogenic infections. Here, we summarize fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, substantially progressed understanding host-pathogen-microbiome during infection. We on mechanisms gut microbiota, highlight examples exploitation by pathogens, detail endosymbiont-mediated protection. addition, delve into a previously neglected topic research-the crosstalk between microbiota. Finally, address how remain resilient to responses stably By examining influenced reciprocally affects outcomes, this review provides timely cohesive coverage roles

Language: Английский

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Snail coprophagy: the encounter filter, food preferences, and rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) prevalence

Parasite, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 76 - 76

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Understanding the factors driving infection prevalence among host species is crucial for effective disease mitigation. Angiostrongylus cantonensis , rat lungworm, causes neuroangiostrongyliasis and serves as an excellent model studying dynamics across hosts. This study investigates relative impact of encounter rates on A. in snail hosts by assessing their coprophagic tendencies. Multiple-choice feeding assays were conducted with four ( Parmarion martensi Laevicaulis alte Lissachatina fulica Veronicella cubensis ) differing A . prevalence. The snails offered romaine lettuce, hibiscus flowers, papaya, feces. intake ratios (RIR) calculated used to evaluate 1) feces preference species, 2) correlation between We also compared preferences from rats fed high-fat balanced diets; no significant difference was observed. Feces made up highest proportion diet P. (11.6%), followed V. (7.8%), L. (5.9%), (5.1%). Additionally, showed a significantly higher than all other species. weakly positive. These findings suggest that level coprophagy influences contributing variation However, may play role, only correlated. these can inform strategies managing spread mitigating its health impacts.

Language: Английский

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