Global resilience analysis of water distribution systems

Water Research, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 383 - 393

Published: Oct. 9, 2016

Evaluating and enhancing resilience in water infrastructure is a crucial step towards more sustainable urban management. As prerequisite to resilience, detailed understanding required of the inherent underlying system. Differing from traditional risk analysis, here we propose global analysis (GRA) approach that shifts objective analysing multiple unknown threats identifiable measurable system responses extreme conditions, i.e. potential failure modes. GRA aims evaluate system's possible mode regardless causal threat(s) (known or unknown, external internal). The method applied test four distribution systems (WDSs) with various features three typical modes (pipe failure, excess demand, substance intrusion). study reveals provides an overview For each mode, it identifies range corresponding impacts scenarios (e.g. complete loss supply only 5% pipe still meeting 80% demand despite over 70% pipes failing). also increased one may decrease another increasing capacity delay recovery some situations. It shown selecting appropriate level detail for hydraulic models great importance analysis. can be used as comprehensive diagnostic framework interventions improving future studies.

Language: Английский

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A Graph-Theoretic Framework for Assessing the Resilience of Sectorised Water Distribution Networks

Water Resources Management, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 1685 - 1699

Published: Feb. 13, 2016

Water utilities face a challenge in maintaining good quality of service under wide range operational management and failure conditions. Tools for assessing the resilience water distribution networks are therefore essential both maintenance optimization. In this paper, novel graph-theoretic approach assessment large scale is presented. This great importance systems, most models containing up to hundreds thousands pipes nodes. The proposed framework mainly based on quantifying redundancy capacity all possible routes from demand nodes their supply sources. works well with network sizes since it does not rely precise hydraulic simulations, which require complex calibration processes computation, while remaining meaningful physical topological point view. proposal also tailored analysis sectorised through multiscale method analysing connectivity, successfully tested utility made more than 100,000 110,000 pipes.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Criticality in Water Distribution Networks via Complex Network Theory

Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 408 - 408

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Water distribution networks (WDNs), which are responsible for delivering water of adequate quantity and quality, vulnerable to threats such as leaks, pipe breaks, contaminant intrusions. Hence, it is important identify critical network elements develop more assertive maintenance strategies systems. This paper aims perform a risk assessment on leaks breaks support the identification in supply To this end, complex theory (CNT) applied an alternative conventional approaches that rely multiple hydraulic simulations. Metrics robustness, redundancy, centrality, connectivity used analyze graphs representing WDNs. Failures modeled using simulations evaluate their impact parameters pressure flow. CNT metrics then applied, including shortest path calculations between sources demand vertices assess importance, vertex centrality node influence network. The results compared with outcomes CNT-based analyses. Multi-criteria analysis employed determine asset priority, considering failures associated impacts system. highlight novel approach shifts focus from state-based assessments topology-driven analysis, reducing uncertainties inherent models.

Language: Английский

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Vulnerability Assessment of Water Distribution Networks under Seismic Actions

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 141(6)

Published: Sept. 8, 2014

A methodology to analyze the vulnerability of water distribution networks (WDNs) earthquakes by means risk assessment is presented. The consequences multiple pipe failures due are investigated in terms unsupplied demand customers. To this aim steady-state WDN analysis performed considering system topology changes closing isolation valves order separate network segments where occur. failure probability calculated using fragility curves from American Lifelines Association (ALA). identification worst scenarios as trade-offs between and occurring formulated a multiobjective combinatorial problem solved genetic algorithm optimization strategy. applied Exnet network. Results show that seismic depends also on segmentation existing valve system. allows analyzing ranking scenarios, being valuable decision support for improving preparedness allowing planning appropriate asset enhancements mitigation measures improve resilience.

Language: Английский

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Network structure classification and features of water distribution systems

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 53(4), P. 3407 - 3423

Published: March 28, 2017

Abstract The network connectivity structure of water distribution systems (WDSs) represents the domain where hydraulic processes occur, driving emerging behavior such systems, for example with respect to robustness and vulnerability. In complex theory (CNT), a common way classifying is association nodal degree specific probability models, during last decades, researchers classified many real networks using Poisson or Pareto distributions. spite fact that degree‐based classification could play crucial role assess WDS vulnerability, this task not easy because WDSs strongly constrained by spatial characteristics environment they are constructed. consequence these constraints spans very small ranges in hindering reliable standard approach based on distribution. This work investigates 22 WDSs, built different environments, demonstrating generally models distributions well. order overcome problem degree, we define “neighborhood” equal sum degrees nearest topological neighbors (i.e., adjacent nodes). definition consistent single node significant analysis WDSs.

Language: Английский

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Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Water Utility Operations and Vulnerability

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 148(6)

Published: April 15, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the operation of water utilities across world. In context utilities, new protocols were needed to ensure that employees can work safely, and service is not interrupted. This study reports on how operations 27 worldwide by pandemic. Interviews conducted between June October 2020; respondents represent varied in population size, location, customer composition (e.g., residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, university customers). Survey questions focused effects system operation, demand, revenues, vulnerabilities, use development emergency response plans (ERPs). Responses indicate significant changes implemented utility could continue working while maintaining safe social distancing or alternatively from home. A total 23 reported small demand volumes patterns, which lead some infrastructure quality. Utilities experienced a range impacts finances, where most discussed decreases with few reporting more drastic impacts. revealed including supply chain management, capacity staff perform certain functions remotely, finances. Some applied existing guidance developed through ERPs slight modifications, other specifically address unique conditions induced pandemic, did reference their change operations. Many suggested lessons learned would be used future ERPs, such as personnel training risk management annual mock exercises for preparing better respond emergencies.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Framework to Evaluate Hydraulic and Water Quality Impacts of Pipe Breaks on Water Distribution Systems

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 54(10), P. 8174 - 8195

Published: Sept. 4, 2018

Abstract Pipe breaks have significant impacts on the hydraulic and water quality performance of distribution systems (WDSs). Therefore, it is important to evaluate these for developing effective strategies ultimately minimize consequences events. However, there has been surprisingly limited research focusing impact evaluation pipe so far. To address this gap, paper proposes a framework comprehensively WDS using six quantitative metrics. These metrics primarily focus identifying (i) break outflow volume, (ii) shortage, (iii) nodes with reduced service quality, (iv) pipes affected pressures, (v) reversed flow directions, (vi) significantly increased velocities, each breaking event within WDS. Statistical behaviors, spatial properties, rankings metric results are analyzed reveal underlying characteristics induced by breaks. We illustrate proposed three WDSs different properties. Results show that not only vary diameters but also influenced locations, when occurs, specific considered. The greatly enhances fundamental understanding properties WDSs, as well ranking based Such offers guidance develop management, resource planning, restoration events WDSs.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Performance of Surrogate Measures for Water Distribution Network Reliability

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 146(7)

Published: May 6, 2020

This paper investigates the use of surrogate measures as potential substitutes for reliability in multiobjective design water distribution networks (WDNs). Assessing WDN with conventional hydraulic and mechanical metrics may require substantial computational time resources, which becomes more critical network size increases. Although (RSMs) such entropy, resiliency, resilience have benefits, they perform differently under varying cases failures. To account both reliabilities, this study proposed two indices that weight a combination entropy resiliency (CERI), (CENRI) apart from individual measures, then assessed their performance via three benchmark WDNs also case India. The adopted EPANET 2 simulator extended period simulation (EPS) nondominated sorting genetic algorithm- II (NSGA-II) optimization maximization RSMs (one at time) minimization cost objectives. Hydraulic reliabilities are estimated generated Pareto-optimal solutions to determine association between each RSM hydraulic/mechanical reliability. numerical results show can serve effective WDNs. recommends CERI substitute traditional speed up computation ensure reliable supply branched looped

Language: Английский

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System Reliability Evaluation in Water Distribution Networks with the Impact of Valves Experiencing Cascading Failures

Water, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 413 - 413

Published: June 9, 2017

Water distribution networks (WDNs) represent a class of critical infrastructure networks. When disaster occurs, component failures in WDN may trigger system that result larger-scale reactions. The aim the paper is to evaluate evolution reliability and failure propagation time for experiencing cascading failures, find pipes which reduce dramatically. Multiple factors are considered method such as network topology, balance water supply demand, demand multiplier, pipe break isolation. pipe-based attack with multiple scenarios simulated paper. A case used illustrate method. results show lowest capacity gets stronger when short supply, becoming dominant factor decides time. valve ratio (VR) present flattened S curve relationship, there two turning points VR. can be identified. With fixed 5% valves, improve resist effectively. findings provide insights into WDNs failures. It proven useful future studies focused on operation management services.

Language: Английский

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Rehabilitation Planning of Water Distribution Network through a Reliability—Based Risk Assessment

Water, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 277 - 277

Published: March 6, 2018

The efficient and effective management of existing water distribution systems (WDSs) faces challenges related to aging infrastructure, population growth, extended urbanization, climate change impacts environmental pollution. Therefore, there is a need for integrated solutions that support decision makers plan today potential interventions, considering the possible consequences variations in mid- long-term perspectives. This study part more comprehensive project, where advanced hydraulic analysis WDS coupled with dynamic resources input-output model. proposed modeling solution provides robust tool planning intervention actions can be applied optimize performance supply system energy consumption impacts. paper presents an application method pipe rehabilitation/replacement planning, maximizing network mechanical reliability minimizing risk unsupplied demand pressure deficit evaluated at nodal level, under given economic constraints.

Language: Английский

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