The Role of Urban Growth in Resilience of Communities Under Flood Risk

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(3)

Published: March 1, 2020

Flood risk to urban communities is increasing significantly as a result of the integrated effects climate change and socioeconomic development. The latter effect one main drivers rising flood has received less attention in comparison change. Economic development population growth are major causes expansion flood-prone areas, comprehensive understanding impact on an essential ingredient effective management. At same time, planning for community resilience become national worldwide imperative recent years. Enhancements require well-integrated enormous long-term public private investments. Accordingly, plans should take into account ensure future resilient through careful collaboration between engineers, geologists, socialists, economists, planners within framework life-cycle analysis. This paper highlights importance including accurate assessment how urbanization include measurement science-based strategies developing policies achieve more communities.

Language: Английский

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Global Changes in 20‐Year, 50‐Year, and 100‐Year River Floods

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 48(6)

Published: March 9, 2021

Abstract Concepts like the 100‐year flood event can be misleading if they are not updated to reflect significant changes over time. Here, we model observed annual maximum daily streamflow using a nonstationary approach provide first global picture of in: (a) magnitudes 20‐, 50‐, and floods (i.e., flows given exceedance probability in each year ); (b) return periods floods, as assessed 1970 fixed magnitude (c) corresponding probabilities. Empirically, find 20‐/50‐year have mostly increased temperate climate zones, but decreased arid, tropical, polar, cold zones. In contrast, arid/temperate zones exhibit mixed trends results influenced by small number stations with long records, highlight need for continued updating hazard assessments.

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Flood Concepts, Challenges, and Future Directions

Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(6)

Published: March 24, 2022

This review provides a broad overview of the current state flood research, challenges, and future directions. Beginning with discussion flood-generating mechanisms, synthesizes literature on forecasting, multivariate nonstationary frequency analysis, urban flooding, remote sensing floods. Challenges research directions are outlined highlight emerging topics where more work is needed to help mitigate risks. It anticipated that systems will likely have significant risk due compounding effects continued climate change land-use intensification. The timely prediction floods, quantification socioeconomic impacts developing mitigation strategies continue be challenging. There need bridge scales between model capabilities end-user needs by integrating multiscale models, stakeholder input, social citizen science input for monitoring, mapping, dissemination. Although much progress has been made in using applications, recent upcoming Earth Observations provide excellent potential unlock additional benefits applications. community can benefit from downscaled, as well ensemble scenarios consider changes. Efforts also data assimilation approaches, especially ingest local, citizen, media data. Also enhanced compound hazards assess reduce vulnerability impacts. dynamic complex interactions climate, societal change, watershed processes, human factors often confronted deep uncertainty highlights transdisciplinary science, policymakers, stakeholders vulnerability.

Language: Английский

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Reconciling disagreement on global river flood changes in a warming climate

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1160 - 1167

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Agricultural flood vulnerability assessment and risk quantification in Iowa

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 826, P. 154165 - 154165

Published: Feb. 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Interactions between Flooding Dynamics and Agricultural Productivity in a Changing Climate

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(14), P. 6141 - 6141

Published: July 18, 2024

Extreme precipitation and flooding frequency associated with global climate change are expected to increase worldwide, major consequences in floodplains areas susceptible flooding. The purpose of this review was examine the effects events on changes soil properties their agricultural production. Flooding is caused by natural anthropogenic factors, can be amplified interactions between rainfall catchments. impacts structure aggregation altering resistance slaking, which occurs when aggregates not strong enough withstand internal stresses rapid water uptake. disruption enhance erosion sediment transport during contribute sedimentation bodies degradation aquatic ecosystems. Total precipitation, flood discharge, total main factors controlling suspended mineral-associated organic matter, dissolved particulate matter loads. Studies conducted paddy rice cultivation show that flooded reduced conditions neutralize pH but reversible upon draining soil. In soil, nitrogen cycling linked decreases oxygen, accumulation ammonium, volatilization ammonia. Ammonium primary form inorganic porewaters. floodplains, nitrate removal enhanced high denitrification intermittent provides necessary anaerobic conditions. soils, reductive dissolution minerals release phosphorus (P) into solution. Phosphorus mobilized events, leading increased availability first weeks waterlogging, generally time. Rainstorms promote subsurface P-enriched particles, colloidal P account for up 64% tile drainage water. Anaerobic microorganisms prevailing utilize alternate electron acceptors, such as nitrate, sulfate, carbon dioxide, energy production decomposition. metabolism leads fermentation by-products, acids, methane, hydrogen sulfide, influencing pH, redox potential, nutrient availability. Soil enzyme activity presence various microbial groups, including Gram+ Gram− bacteria mycorrhizal fungi, affected Waterlogging β-glucosidase acid phosphomonoesterase increases N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase Since these enzymes control hydrolysis cellulose, phosphomonoesters, chitin, moisture content impact direction magnitude supply oxygen submerged plants limited because its diffusion extremely low, mitochondrial respiration plant tissues. Fermentation only viable pathway plants, which, under prolonged waterlogging conditions, inefficient results death. Seed germination also impaired stress due decreased sugar phytohormone biosynthesis. sensitivity different crops varies significantly across growth stages. Mitigation adaptation strategies, essential management agriculture, resilience through improved practices, amendments rehabilitation techniques, best zero tillage cover crops, development flood-tolerant crop varieties. Technological advances play a crucial role assessing dynamics landscapes. This embarks comprehensive journey existing research unravel intricate interplay production, environment. We synthesize available knowledge address critical gaps understanding, identify methodological challenges, propose future directions.

Language: Английский

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Climate change and future water availability in the United States

USGS professional paper, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Recent changes in extreme floods across multiple continents

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 114035 - 114035

Published: Aug. 24, 2017

Analyses of trends in observed floods often focus on relatively frequent events, whereas changes rare are only studied for a small number locations that have exceptionally long observational records. Understanding is especially relevant as these events most damaging and influence the design major structures. Here, we provide an assessment largest flood (~0.033 annual exceedance probability) during period 1980−2009 1744 catchments located Australia, Brazil, Europe United States. The occurrence spatial aggregate shows strong temporal variability peaked around 1995. During 30 year period, there overall increases both frequency magnitude extreme floods. These strongest States, weakest Brazil Australia. Physical causes reported short-term longer-term currently remain elusive, because key drivers vary between catchments. Nonetheless, this approach provides basis more spatially representative occurrence.

Language: Английский

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Event‐based classification for global study of river flood generating processes

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(7), P. 1514 - 1529

Published: Dec. 13, 2019

Abstract Better understanding of which processes generate floods in a catchment can improve flood frequency analysis and potentially climate change impacts assessment. However, current classification methods are either not transferable across locations or do provide event‐based information. We therefore developed location‐independent, methodology that is applicable different climates returns all events, including extreme ones. use precipitation time series very simply modelled soil moisture snowmelt as inputs for decision tree. A total 113,635 events 4155 catchments worldwide were classified into one five hydro‐climatological generating processes: short rain, long excess rainfall, combination rain snow. The new was tested its robustness evaluated with available information; these two tests often lacking approaches. According to the evaluation, mostly successful indicates rainfall most common dominant process. process informative catchments, there high at‐site variability processes. This particularly relevant estimation diverge from their usual generation pattern, especially United Kingdom, Northern France, Southeastern States, India.

Language: Английский

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Causal Effect of Impervious Cover on Annual Flood Magnitude for the United States

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 47(5)

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

Abstract Despite consensus that impervious surfaces increase flooding, the magnitude of remains uncertain. This uncertainty largely stems from challenge isolating effect changes in cover separate other factors also affect flooding. To control for these factors, prior study designs rely on either temporal or spatial variation cover. We leverage both and a panel data regression design to isolate floods. With 39 years 280 U.S. streamgages, we estimate one percentage point basin causes 3.3% annual flood (95%CI: 1.9%, 4.7%) average. Using 2,109 some which have upstream regulation and/or overlapping basins, larger effect: 4.6% (CI: 3.5%, 5.6%). The approach introduced here can be extended causal effects drivers hydrologic change.

Language: Английский

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