Hydrology and earth system sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
26(19), P. 5015 - 5033
Published: Oct. 11, 2022
Abstract.
There
is
serious
concern
that
the
hazard,
or
probability,
of
river
floods
increasing
over
time.
Starting
from
narratives
are
sometimes
discussed
in
public,
article
addresses
three
hypotheses.
The
first
suggests
land-use
changes,
such
as
deforestation,
urbanisation
and
soil
compaction
by
agriculture,
increase
flood
hazards.
This
review
finds
effects
on
particularly
pronounced
small
catchments
since
permeability
plays
an
important
role
infiltration
at
this
scale.
For
regional
floods,
most
extreme
events,
land
use
usually
not
control,
areas
saturation
play
a
greater
runoff
generation,
which
less
dependent
permeability.
second
hypothesis
hydraulic
interventions
structures,
training,
levees
dams,
structures
have
greatest
impact
events
medium
magnitude,
associated
with
return
periods
tens
to
hundreds
years,
their
local.
Long-term
interactions
between
humans
must
be
taken
into
account
when
predicting
future
third
climate
change
increases
hazard.
that,
few
hectares,
hazards
may
due
convective
storms.
In
large
catchments,
where
occur,
changes
necessarily
directly
related
precipitation,
nor
they
rising
air
temperatures,
but
determined
seasonal
interplay
moisture,
snow
precipitation
via
generation.
Increases
decreases
been
observed
worldwide.
It
concluded
significant
progress
has
made
recent
years
understanding
use,
changing
crucial
consider
all
factors
risk
management
communicate
them
general
public
nuanced
way.
Hydrological Sciences Journal,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
64(10), P. 1141 - 1158
Published: June 10, 2019
This
paper
is
the
outcome
of
a
community
initiative
to
identify
major
unsolved
scientific
problems
in
hydrology
motivated
by
need
for
stronger
harmonisation
research
efforts.
The
procedure
involved
public
consultation
through
online
media,
followed
two
workshops
which
large
number
potential
science
questions
were
collated,
prioritised,
and
synthesised.
In
spite
diversity
participants
(230
scientists
total),
process
revealed
much
about
priorities
state
our
science:
preference
continuity
rather
than
radical
departures
or
redirections
from
past
current
work.
Questions
remain
focused
on
process-based
understanding
hydrological
variability
causality
at
all
space
time
scales.
Increased
attention
environmental
change
drives
new
emphasis
how
propagates
across
interfaces
within
system
disciplinary
boundaries.
particular,
expansion
human
footprint
raises
set
related
interactions
with
nature
water
cycle
feedbacks
context
complex
management
problems.
We
hope
that
this
reflection
synthesis
23
will
help
guide
efforts
some
years
come.
Soil and Tillage Research,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
194, P. 104293 - 104293
Published: June 21, 2019
Soil
compaction
caused
by
vehicular
traffic
adversely
affects
key
soil
functions
and
ecosystem
services
that
soils
provide.
Although
is
a
well-recognized
problem,
it
remains
challenging
to
quantify
the
economic
ecological
costs
of
compaction.
The
mechanization
in
agriculture
has
resulted
steady
increase
weight
farm
vehicles.
It
reasonable
assume
this
exacerbated
compaction,
but
there
little
quantitative
knowledge
on
development
levels
arable
soils.
To
these
trends,
we
use
historical
records
harvester
tractor
weights
simulate
how
changed
stresses
bulk
density
soil,
predict
impacts
mechanical
resistance
for
root
growth
hydraulic
properties.
Our
simulations
show
clear
stress
with
higher
penetration
resistance,
decrease
conductivity
agreement
available
data.
We
increased
decreased
elongation
rates
consequently
prolonged
time
required
roots
reach
certain
depth.
changes
associated
limitations
coincide
stagnation
crop
yields
1990s
observed
cereals
many
countries.
calculations
illustrate
drastically
saturated
water
storage
capacity
subsoils.
speculate
contributed
incidence
severity
flood
events
during
recent
decades
Europe.
Finally,
take
Sweden
as
an
example
estimate
annual
due
agricultural
productivity
loss
flooding
damage
several
hundred
M€
yr−1
Sweden.
Considering
continuation
upwards
trends
average
machinery
projected
extreme
weather
events,
are
likely
escalate.
study
highlights
have
exceeded
acceptable
loads,
future
operations
must
consider
inherent
limit
soil.
Water Resources Research,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
57(4)
Published: Feb. 10, 2021
Abstract
Hydrometeorological
flood
generating
processes
(excess
rain,
short
long
snowmelt,
and
rain‐on‐snow)
underpin
our
understanding
of
behavior.
Knowledge
about
improves
hydrological
models,
frequency
analysis,
estimation
climate
change
impact
on
floods,
etc.
Yet,
not
much
is
known
how
catchment
attributes
influence
the
spatial
distribution
processes.
This
study
aims
to
offer
a
comprehensive
structured
approach
close
this
knowledge
gap.
We
employ
large
sample
(671
catchments
across
contiguous
United
States)
evaluate
use
two
complementary
approaches:
A
statistics‐based
which
compares
attribute
distributions
different
processes;
random
forest
model
in
combination
with
an
interpretable
machine
learning
(accumulated
local
effects
[ALE]).
The
ALE
method
has
been
used
often
hydrology,
it
overcomes
significant
obstacle
many
statistical
methods,
confounding
effect
correlated
attributes.
As
expected,
we
find
(fraction
snow,
aridity,
precipitation
seasonality,
mean
precipitation)
be
most
influential
process
distribution.
However,
varies
both
type.
also
can
predicted
for
ungauged
relatively
high
accuracy
(
R
2
between
0.45
0.9).
implication
these
findings
should
considered
future
studies,
as
changes
characteristics
