Hydrogel‐Based Flexible Electronics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(14)

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Abstract Flexible electronics is an emerging field of research involving multiple disciplines, which include but not limited to physics, chemistry, materials science, electronic engineering, and biology. However, the broad applications flexible are still restricted due several limitations, including high Young's modulus, poor biocompatibility, responsiveness. Innovative aiming for overcoming these drawbacks boost its practical application highly desirable. Hydrogel a class 3D crosslinked hydrated polymer networks, exceptional material properties render it as promising candidate next generation electronics. Here, latest methods synthesizing advanced functional hydrogels state‐of‐art hydrogel‐based in various fields reviewed. More importantly, correlation between hydrogel device performance discussed here, have better understanding development by using environmentally responsive hydrogels. Last, perspectives on current challenges future directions multifunctional provided.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogel materials for sustainable water resources harvesting & treatment: Synthesis, mechanism and applications

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 439, P. 135756 - 135756

Published: March 11, 2022

Language: Английский

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Solvent‐Exchange‐Assisted Wet Annealing: A New Strategy for Superstrong, Tough, Stretchable, and Anti‐Fatigue Hydrogels

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 2210624 - 2210624

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering, soft robots, wearable electronics, etc. However, it remains a great challenge to develop hydrogels possessing simultaneously high strength, large stretchability, fracture energy, and good fatigue threshold suit different applications. Herein, novel solvent-exchange-assisted wet-annealing strategy is proposed prepare performance poly(vinyl alcohol) by extensively tuning the macromolecular chain movement optimizing polymer network. The reinforcing toughening mechanisms found be "macromolecule crystallization entanglement". These have tensile strengths up 11.19 ± 0.27 MPa extremely strains of 1879 10%. In addition, energy can reach as 25.39 6.64 kJ m-2 ≈1233 J , respectively. superb mechanical properties compare favorably those other tough hydrogels, organogels, even natural tendons synthetic rubbers. This work provides new effective method fabricate superstrong, tough, stretchable, anti-fatigue with potential applications artificial ligaments.

Language: Английский

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Recent Progress of Conductive Hydrogel Fibers for Flexible Electronics: Fabrications, Applications, and Perspectives

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(17)

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Abstract Flexible conductive materials with intrinsic structural characteristics are currently in the spotlight of both fundamental science and advanced technological applications due to their functional preponderances such as remarkable conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, tunable physical chemical so on. Typically, hydrogel fibers (CHFs) promising candidates owing unique including light weight, high length‐to‐diameter ratio, deformability, Herein, a comprehensive overview cutting‐edge advances CHFs involving architectural features, function characteristics, fabrication strategies, applications, perspectives flexible electronics provided. The design principles strategies systematically introduced discontinuous (the capillary polymerization draw spinning) continuous wet spinning, microfluidic 3D printing, electrospinning). In addition, potential crucially emphasized energy harvesting devices, storage smart sensors, biomedical electronics. This review concludes perspective on challenges opportunities attractive CHFs, allowing for better understanding fundamentals development materials.

Language: Английский

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Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Tough Supramolecular Hydrogels with Sophisticated Architectures as Impact‐Absorption Elements

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(34)

Published: June 27, 2022

Processing tough hydrogels into sophisticated architectures is crucial for their applications as structural elements. However, Digital Light (DLP) printing of challenging because the low-speed gelation and toughening process. Described here a simple yet versatile system suitable DLP to form hydrogel architectures. The aqueous precursor consists commercial photoinitiator, acrylic acid, zirconium ion (Zr4+ ), readily forming metallo-supramolecular under digital light in situ formation carboxyl-Zr4+ coordination complexes. high-stiffness antiswelling properties as-printed gel enable high-efficiency high-fidelity constructs. Furthermore, swelling-induced morphing also achieved by encoding structure gradients during with grayscale light. Mechanical printed are further improved after incubation water due variation local pH rearrangement complex. swelling-enhanced stiffness affords shape fixation ability manual deformations, thereby provides an additional avenue more complex configurations. These used devise impact-absorption element or high-sensitivity pressure sensor proof-of-concept examples. This work should merit engineering other gels extend scope diverse fields.

Language: Английский

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Self-Healing Hydrogels: From Synthesis to Multiple Applications

ACS Materials Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 1787 - 1830

Published: May 26, 2023

Due to the good reliability and long-term stability, self-healing hydrogels have emerged as promising soft materials for tissue engineering, smart wearable sensors, bioelectronics, energy storage devices. The mechanism depends on reversible chemical or physical cross-linking interactions. Self-healing with fascinating features (including mechanical performances, biocompatibility, conductivity, antibacterial ability, responsiveness, etc.) are being designed developed according practical application requirements. In this review, recent progress in their synthesis strategies multiple applications is summarized. Their involve processes a combination of two. include flexible strain supercapacitors, actuators, adhesives, wound healing, drug delivery, tumor treatment, 3D printing, etc. Finally, current challenges, future development, opportunities discussed.

Language: Английский

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3D‐Printed Functional Hydrogel by DNA‐Induced Biomineralization for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(17)

Published: April 19, 2023

Chronic wounds in diabetic patients are challenging because their prolonged inflammation makes healing difficult, thus burdening patients, society, and health care systems. Customized dressing materials needed to effectively treat such that vary shape depth. The continuous development of 3D-printing technology along with artificial intelligence has increased the precision, versatility, compatibility various materials, providing considerable potential meet abovementioned needs. Herein, functional inks comprising DNA from salmon sperm DNA-induced biosilica inspired by marine sponges, developed for machine learning-based wound dressings. biomineralized silica incorporated into hydrogel a fast, facile manner. 3D-printed generates provided appropriate porosity, characterized effective exudate blood absorption at sites, mechanical tunability indicated good fidelity printability during optimized 3D printing. Moreover, act as nanotherapeutics, enhancing biological activity dressings terms reactive oxygen species scavenging, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation activity, thereby accelerating acute healing. These bioinspired hydrogels produce using biomineralization strategy an excellent platform clinical applications chronic repair.

Language: Английский

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3D printing of stimuli-responsive hydrogel materials: Literature review and emerging applications

Giant, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 100209 - 100209

Published: Nov. 15, 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) aka three-dimensional (3D) printing has been a well-established and unparalleled technology, which is expanding the boundaries of materials science exhibiting an enormous potential to fabricate intricate geometries for healthcare, electronics, construction sectors. In contemporary era, combination AM technology stimuli-responsive hydrogels (SRHs) helps create dynamic functional structures with extreme accuracy, are capable changing their shape, functional, or mechanical properties in response environmental cues such as humidity, heat, light, pH, magnetic field, electric etc. 3D SRHs permits creation on-demand dynamically controllable shapes excellent control over various self-repair, self-assembly, multi-functionality, These accelerate researchers think unthinkable applications. Additively manufactured objects have shown applications like tissue engineering, drug delivery, soft robots, sensors, other biomedical devices. The current review provides recent progress SRHs, more focus on techniques, stimuli mechanisms, shape morphing behaviors, Finally, trends future roadmap additively smart different also presented, will be helpful research. This holds great promise providing fundamental knowledge about diverse

Language: Английский

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Low‐Hysteresis and High‐Toughness Hydrogels Regulated by Porous Cationic Polymers: the Effect of Counteranions

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63(1)

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Service life and range of polymer materials is heavily reliant on their elasticity mechanical stability under long-term loading. Slippage chain segments load leads to significant hysteresis the hydrogels, limiting its repeatability stability. Achieving desired exceeding that rubber a great challenge for particularly when subjected large deformations. Here, low-hysteresis high-toughness hydrogels were developed through controllable interactions porous cationic polymers (PCPs) with adjustable counteranions, including reversible bonding PCP frameworks/polymer (polyacrylamide, PAAm) counteranions/PAAm. This strategy reduces segment slippage load, endowing PCP-based (PCP-gels) good deformations (7 % at strain ratio 40). Furthermore, due enlarged entanglement by PCP, PCP-gels exhibit (13000 %), significantly enhanced toughness (68 MJ m-3 ), high fracture energy (43.1 kJ m-2 fatigue resistance. The unique properties these elastic have promising applications in field flexible sensors.

Language: Английский

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Skin‐Like Transparent, High Resilience, Low Hysteresis, Fatigue‐Resistant Cellulose‐Based Eutectogel for Self‐Powered E‐Skin and Human–Machine Interaction

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(13)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Abstract Artificial electronic skin (E‐skin), a class of promising materials mimicking the physical‐chemical and sensory performance human skin, has gained extensive interest in field health‐monitoring robotic skins. However, developing E‐skin simultaneously achieving high resilience, hysteresis‐free, absent external power is always formidable challenge. Herein, liquid‐free eutectic gel‐based self‐powered with fatigue resistance, conductivity prepared by introducing hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) into metal salt‐based deep solvents (MDES). The unique structural design cellulose‐anchored permanent entangled poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) chain, combination rapid broken/reconstruction dense dynamic sacrificial bonds, realizes fabrication high‐elastic negligible hysteresis. This further demonstrates practical application cellulose‐based eutectogel transmittance (92%), (36.6 mS m −1 ), resilience (98.1%), excellent environment stability robust triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting health‐caring human‐machine interaction.

Language: Английский

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