Full‐Range On‐Body Strain Sensor of Laser‐Induced Graphene Embedded in Thermoplastic Elastomer via Hot Pressing Transfer for Monitoring of the Physiological Signals

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(7)

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Abstract Acquiring physical and mechanical strain information of the human body with wearable sensors can provide essential data from personal healthcare to human‐machine interfaces others. Recent research reveals that CO 2 laser scribing convert polyimide films into porous graphene sponges under ambient atmospheres. However, electrically conductive laser‐induced (LIG) film mismatches tough rigid plastic substrates when it is employed as stretchable sensors. In this work, by leveraging advantageous properties atoms‐level configured defects within crystalline LIG heat transfer printing techniques, a flexible LIG‐SEBS (styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene) sensor made. It able achieve exceptional electromechanical including remarkable sensitivity in terms gauge factor (413–3118), minimal hysteresis, broad range (>100% strain). Meanwhile, SEBS‐LIG has stable fast dynamic response good repeatability. Additionally, be integrated wireless communication module for remote monitoring physiological signals real‐time manner smartphone App.

Language: Английский

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Stretchable Electronic Skin using Laser‐Induced Graphene and Liquid Metal with an Action Recognition System Powered by Machine Learning

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(30)

Published: March 24, 2024

Abstract Monitoring tactile pressure and recognizing action are important functionalities for artificial electronic skin (e‐skin). Furthermore, in order to create conformable coverings 3D objects, an e‐skin needs be stretchable, without sacrificing sensitivity pressure. However, stretching of sensors normally affects their output stability. In this study, a stretchable is developed using laser‐induced graphene liquid metal alloy, GaInSn, elastic ecoflex polymer resistive‐type sensor. sensor array fabricated as e‐skin, signal‐processed machine learning. With system, the also monitors its state, with result that can calculated regardless degree stretching. learning‐assisted actions such patting, sliding, grabbing successfully recognized manner human skin.

Language: Английский

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Materials and Structural Designs toward Motion Artifact-Free Bioelectronics

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(10), P. 6148 - 6197

Published: May 1, 2024

Bioelectronics encompassing electronic components and circuits for accessing human information play a vital role in real-time continuous monitoring of biophysiological signals electrophysiology, mechanical physiology, electrochemical physiology. However, noise, particularly motion artifacts, poses significant challenge accurately detecting analyzing target signals. While software-based "postprocessing" methods signal filtering techniques have been widely employed, challenges such as distortion, major requirement accurate models classification, power consumption, data delay inevitably persist. This review presents an overview noise reduction strategies bioelectronics, focusing on reducing artifacts improving the signal-to-noise ratio through hardware-based approaches "preprocessing". One main stress-avoiding is elastic energies applied to bioelectronics prevent stress-induced artifacts. Various including strain-compliance, strain-resistance, stress-damping using unique materials structures explored. Future research should optimize structure designs, establish stable processes measurement methods, develop selectively separating processing overlapping noises. Ultimately, these advancements will contribute development more reliable effective healthcare diagnostics.

Language: Английский

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A Versatile Microporous Design toward Toughened yet Softened Self‐Healing Materials

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Abstract Realizing the full potential of self‐healing materials in stretchable electronics necessitates not only low modulus to enable high adaptivity, but also toughness resist crack propagation. However, existing toughening strategies for soft have modestly improves mechanical dissipation near tip ( Г D ), and invariably compromise material's inherent softness autonomous healing capabilities. Here, a synthetic microporous architecture is demonstrated that unprecedently toughens softens without impacting their intrinsic kinetics. This structure spreads energy across entire material through bran‐new dissipative mode adaptable movement A which substantially increases fracture by 31.6 times, from 3.19 100.86 kJ m −2 , fractocohesive length 20.7 0.59 mm 12.24 mm. combination unprecedented (100.86 ) centimeter‐scale (1.23 cm) surpasses all previous records even exceeds those light alloys. Coupled with significantly enhanced (0.43 MPa) nearly perfect efficiency (≈100%), this robust ideal constructing durable kirigami wearable devices.

Language: Английский

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Materials, Structure, and Interface of Stretchable Interconnects for Wearable Bioelectronics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Since wearable technologies for telemedicine have emerged to tackle global health concerns, the demand well-attested healthcare devices with high user comfort also arises. Skin-wearables monitoring require mechanical flexibility and stretchability not only compatibility skin's dynamic nature but a robust collection of fine signals from within. Stretchable electrical interconnects, which determine device's overall integrity, are one fundamental units being understated in bioelectronics. In this review, broad class materials engineering methodologies recently researched developed presented, their respective attributes, limitations, opportunities designing stretchable interconnects bioelectronics offered. Specifically, characteristics various (metals, polymers, carbons, composites) highlighted, along diverse geometric configurations. Detailed insights into fabrication techniques that compatible soft substrates provided. Importantly, successful examples establishing reliable interfacial connections between rigid elements using novel reviewed. Lastly, some perspectives prospects remaining research challenges potential pathways practical utilization wearables laid out.

Language: Английский

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“Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” Stretchable Interconnects Enabled by Liquid Metal Conductor with Supramolecular Confinement

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Abstract The integration of soft, conformable components and rigid microelectronics or devices is a critical frontier in stretchable hybrid device development. However, engineering interconnects capable tolerating high‐stress concentrations preventing debonding failures remain key challenge. Here conductive interconnect derived from the liquid metal conductor with supramolecular confinement reported, reliably connecting soft parts through simple “Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” method. Leveraging dynamic bonding nature polymers, when confined within compartments, not only effectively stabilizes path interconnect, but also offers high adhesion to diverse surfaces, reaching an exceptional electrical stretchability up 2800%. As proof concept, this used assemble wearable including reconfigurable circuits, multifunctional sensors, on‐skin electromyography, exhibiting signal integrity mechanical durability. chip circuit boundless potential enhance adaptability, convenience, versatility electronics across various applications.

Language: Английский

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A Kirigami‐Driven Stretchable Paper‐Based Hydrovoltaic Electricity Generator

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Abstract Hydrovoltaic electricity generator (HEG), which converts thermal energy from water evaporation into electrical energy, offers a promising solution for sustainable, low‐power applications such as remote sensors and wearable flexible electronics. However, current HEG suffers poor deformation adaptability due to its reliance on the rigid ion transport interfaces of hydrovoltaic materials electrokinetic effects, limiting potential in Herein, stretchable paper‐based (SP‐HEG) is developed by laser‐cutting an optimized kirigami pattern paper functionalized with carbon black. The SP‐HEG can stretch up 200% without compromising output (open‐circuit voltage 1.2 V short‐circuit 6.0 µA), mechanical stress evenly distributed stable are maintained patterns. Moreover, be used supply device self‐powered sweat sensor, advantages unaffected deformation, sustainable power generation, environmental friendliness. This study opens novel strategy design deformable harvesters, broadening generators field.

Language: Английский

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High-Resolution Stretchable Soft Liquid Metal Circuits Based on Cu–Ga Alloying and Femtosecond Laser Ablation

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Flexible electronic circuits are critical in biomedical devices, human–machine interfaces, and wearable sensing systems, which further require flexible conductive materials with high conductivity, stretchability, electrical stability. Liquid metal (LM) has attracted much attention due to its unique metallic conductivity room-temperature fluidic properties. However, LM's surface tension properties increase the difficulty of patterning processing. Here, we report a scalable simple fabrication method based on femtosecond laser ablation for facile patterned LM Cu composite electrodes (LM@Cu) substrates. The LM@Cu electrodes, fabricated utilizing exceptional micro–nanoprocessing precision three-dimensional capabilities lasers, exhibit resolution (approximately 5 μm), superior (4.08 × 104 S/cm), enhanced In addition planar circuits, successfully 3D-patterned electrode PDMS hemispheres. presence ultrathin copper foils significantly improves wettability substrate, occurrence alloying reactions between circumvents challenges posed by pattern fabrication. We investigated electromechanical under twisting, bending, stretching detail. addition, serve as an interface rigid devices When suffering external damage, remain working after brush coating excellent fluidity LM. To explore this approach's potential, demonstrate various applications electronics, including stretchable luminous wristbands, strain sensors, "visible" thermotherapy panels relieving aching joints.

Language: Английский

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Gallium‐Based Liquid–Solid Biphasic Conductors for Soft Electronics

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(41)

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Abstract Soft and stretchable electronics have diverse applications in the fields of compliant bioelectronics, textile‐integrated wearables, novel forms mechanical sensors, skins, soft robotics. In recent years, multiple material architectures been proposed for highly deformable circuits that can undergo large tensile strains without losing electronic functionality. Among them, gallium‐based liquid metals benefit from fluidic deformability, high electrical conductivity, self‐healing property. However, their deposition patterning is challenging. Biphasic are recently as a method to address this problem, by combining advantages solid‐phase materials composites, with deformability phase conductors, thus moving toward scalable fabrication reliable circuits. This article reviews biphasic conductor combine liquid‐phase particles polymers, application systems. particular, various combinations solid phases conductor, well methods used print pattern conductive compounds, discussed. Finally, some reviewed.

Language: Английский

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Omnidirectional Configuration of Stretchable Strain Sensor Enabled by the Strain Engineering with Chiral Auxetic Metamaterial

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(21), P. 22035 - 22045

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

An electromechanical interface plays a pivotal role in determining the performance of stretchable strain sensor. The intrinsic mechanical property elastomer substrate prevents efficient modulation interface, which limits further evolution In this study, chiral auxetic metamaterial (CAM) is incorporated into sensor to override deformation behavior pristine device and regulate performance. tunable isotropic Poisson's ratio (from 0.37 -0.25) achieved by combination CAM endows with significantly enhanced sensitivity (53-fold improvement) excellent omnidirectional sensing ability. regulation mechanism associated crack propagation on deformed also revealed finite element simulations experiments. demonstration on-body monitoring human physiological signals smart training assistant for trampoline gymnastics CAM-incorporated illustrates benefits omnidirectionally

Language: Английский

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