PubMed,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
49(8), P. 1316 - 1326
Published: Aug. 28, 2024
Immunotherapy
has
led
to
groundbreaking
advances
in
anti-tumor
treatment,
yet
significant
clinical
challenges
remain
such
as
the
low
proportion
of
beneficiaries
and
lack
effective
platforms
for
predicting
therapeutic
response.
Organoid
technology
provides
a
novel
solution
these
issues.
Organoids
are
three-dimensional
tissue
cultures
derived
from
adult
stem
cells
or
pluripotent
that
closely
replicate
structural
biological
characteristics
native
organs,
demonstrating
particularly
strong
potential
modeling
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
Tumor
organoids
can
simulate
TME
effectively
by
retaining
endogenous
matrix
components,
including
various
immune
cells,
adding
cancer-associated
fibroblasts,
other
components.
This
platform
immunotherapy
outcomes,
evaluating
adoptive
cell
therapies,
selecting
personalized
treatment
options
patients.
Summarizing
strategies
constructing
understanding
their
advancements
research
application
provide
new
insights
development
immunotherapy.
MedComm,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(12)
Published: Nov. 20, 2024
Abstract
The
gut
microbiota
plays
a
critical
role
in
maintaining
human
health,
influencing
wide
range
of
physiological
processes,
including
immune
regulation,
metabolism,
and
neurological
function.
Recent
studies
have
shown
that
imbalances
composition
can
contribute
to
the
onset
progression
various
diseases,
such
as
metabolic
disorders
(e.g.,
obesity
diabetes)
neurodegenerative
conditions
Alzheimer's
Parkinson's).
These
are
often
accompanied
by
chronic
inflammation
dysregulated
responses,
which
closely
linked
specific
forms
cell
death,
pyroptosis
ferroptosis.
Pathogenic
bacteria
trigger
these
death
pathways
through
toxin
release,
while
probiotics
been
found
mitigate
effects
modulating
responses.
Despite
insights,
precise
mechanisms
influences
diseases
remain
insufficiently
understood.
This
review
consolidates
recent
findings
on
impact
immune‐mediated
inflammation‐associated
conditions.
It
also
identifies
gaps
current
research
explores
potential
advanced
technologies,
organ‐on‐chip
models
microbiome–gut–organ
axis,
for
deepening
our
understanding.
Emerging
tools,
single‐bacterium
omics
spatial
metabolomics,
discussed
their
promise
elucidating
microbiota's
disease
development.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Nov. 8, 2024
The
complexity
of
tumors
and
the
challenges
associated
with
treatment
often
stem
from
limitations
existing
models
in
accurately
replicating
authentic
tumors.
Recently,
organoid
technology
has
emerged
as
an
innovative
platform
for
tumor
research.
This
bioengineering
approach
enables
researchers
to
simulate,
vitro,
interactions
between
their
microenvironment,
thereby
enhancing
intricate
interplay
cells
surroundings.
Organoids
also
integrate
multidimensional
data,
providing
a
novel
paradigm
understanding
development
progression
while
facilitating
precision
therapy.
Furthermore,
advancements
imaging
genetic
editing
techniques
have
significantly
augmented
potential
organoids
review
explores
application
more
precise
simulations
its
specific
contributions
cancer
research
advancements.
Additionally,
we
discuss
evolving
trends
developing
comprehensive
utilizing
technology.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Oct. 24, 2024
Abstract
Fabry
disease
is
a
multi-organ
disease,
caused
by
mutations
in
the
GLA
gene
and
leading
to
progressive
accumulation
of
glycosphingolipids
due
enzymatic
absence
or
malfunction
encoded
alpha-galactosidase
A.
Since
pathomechanisms
are
not
yet
fully
understood
available
treatments
efficient
for
all
mutation
types
tissues,
further
research
highly
needed.
This
involves
many
different
model
types,
with
significant
effort
towards
establishment
an
vivo
model.
However,
these
models
did
replicate
variety
symptoms
observed
patients.
As
alternative
strategy,
patient-derived
somatic
cells
as
well
patient-independent
cell
lines
were
used
specific
aspects
vitro.
patients
present
phenotypes
according
level
residual
enzyme
activity,
pointing
necessity
personalized
modeling.
With
advent
induced
pluripotent
stem
cells,
derivation
multitude
disease-affected
became
possible,
even
patient-specific
mutation-specific
manner.
Only
recently,
three-dimensional
established
that
more
closely
resemble
native
tissue
investigated
organs
will
bring
closer
situation.
review
provides
overview
human
vitro
their
achievements
unravelling
pathomechanism
elucidating
current
future
treatment
strategies.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
ABSTRACT
Antibody
production
is
central
to
protection
against
new
pathogens
and
cancers,
as
well
certain
forms
of
autoimmunity.
Antibodies
often
originate
in
the
lymph
node
(LN),
specifically
at
extrafollicular
border
B
cell
follicles,
where
T
lymphocytes
physically
interact
drive
maturation
into
antibody-secreting
plasmablasts.
In
vitro
models
this
process
are
sorely
needed
predict
aspects
human
immune
response.
Microphysiological
systems
(MPSs)
offer
opportunity
approximate
lymphoid
environment,
but
so
far
have
focused
primarily
on
memory
recall
responses
antigens
previously
encountered
by
donor
cells.
To
date,
no
3D
culture
system
has
replicated
engagement
between
cells
(T—B
interaction)
that
leads
antibody
when
starting
with
naïve
Here,
we
developed
a
LN-MPS
model
early
T—B
interactions
built
from
primary,
encapsulated
within
collagen-based
matrix.
Within
MPS,
exhibited
CCL21-dependent
chemotaxis
chemokinesis
predicted.
Naïve
were
successfully
skewed
chip
an
follicular
helper
(pre-Tfh)
activated
state,
respectively,
co-culture
latter
led
CD38+
plasmablast
dependent
IgM.
These
required
differentiation
pre-Tfhs,
physical
cell-cell
contact,
sensitive
ratio
which
pre-Tfh
seeded
on-chip.
Dependence
was
greatest
1:5
T:B
ratio,
while
proliferation
signal
1:1
ratio.
Furthermore,
formation
established
We
envision
MPS
primary
lymphocyte
physiology
will
enable
mechanistic
analyses
humoral
immunity
vitro.
The Analyst,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Microfluidic
chip
technology,
an
emerging
interdisciplinary
field,
enables
precise
control
of
fluids
at
micro-
and
nano-scales
is
widely
applied
in
biomedicine,
chemical
analysis,
drug
screening.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(9), P. 4367 - 4367
Published: May 4, 2025
The
scarcity
of
robust
models
and
therapeutic
options
for
rare
diseases
continues
to
hamper
their
preclinical
investigation.
Traditional
animal
two-dimensional
cell
cultures
are
limited
in
ability
replicate
human
heredity-associated
traits
complex
pathological
features.
Organoids-on-a-chip
approaches
open
up
new
frontiers
rare-disease
research
via
the
integration
organ
chips
organoid
technology.
This
integrative
strategy
offers
immense
opportunities
mimicry
disease-related
traits,
clarification
mechanisms
underlying
disease,
prediction
treatment
responses
a
highly
human-related
manner.
forward-looking
perspective
suggests
organoids
on
transformative
tools
parsing
pathogenesis,
accelerating
discovery,
bridging
gap
between
basic
precision
medicine.
Physiological Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(9)
Published: May 1, 2025
Abstract
The
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tract
plays
a
critical
role
in
nutrient
absorption,
immune
responses,
and
overall
health.
Traditional
models
such
as
two‐dimensional
cell
cultures
have
provided
valuable
insights
but
fail
to
replicate
the
dynamic
complex
microenvironment
of
human
gut.
Gut‐on‐a‐chip
platforms,
which
incorporate
cells
located
gut
into
microfluidic
devices
that
simulate
peristaltic
motion
fluid
flow,
represent
significant
advancement
modeling
GI
physiology
diseases.
This
review
discusses
evolution
gut‐on‐a‐chip
technology,
from
simple
cellular
mono‐cultures
more
sophisticated
systems
incorporating
bi‐cultures
tri‐cultures
enable
studies
drug
metabolism,
disease
modeling,
gut–microbiome
interactions.
Although
challenges
remain,
including
maintaining
long‐term
viability
replicating
these
platforms
hold
great
potential
for
advancing
personalized
medicine
improving
discovery
efforts
targeting
disorders.
