Bioelectronic Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
Abstract
Background
Cuff
electrodes
target
various
nerves
throughout
the
body,
providing
neuromodulation
therapies
for
motor,
sensory,
or
autonomic
disorders.
However,
when
using
standard,
thick
silicone
cuffs,
fabricated
in
discrete
circular
sizes,
complications
may
arise,
namely
cuff
displacement
nerve
compression,
due
to
a
poor
adaptability
variable
shapes
and
sizes
encountered
vivo.
Improvements
design,
materials,
closing
mechanism
surgical
approach
are
necessary
overcome
these
issues.
Methods
In
this
work,
we
propose
microfabricated
multi-channel
silicone-based
soft
electrode
with
novel
easy-to-implant
size-adaptable
design
evaluate
number
of
essential
features
such
as
nerve-cuff
contact,
locking
stability,
long-term
integration
stimulation
selectivity.
We
also
compared
performance
that
standard
fixed-size
cuffs.
Results
The
belt-like
made
150
μm
membranes
provides
stable
pressure-free
conformal
independently
size
variability,
combined
straightforward
implantation
procedure.
adaptable
use
materials
lead
limited
scarring
demyelination
after
6-week
implantation.
addition,
multi-contact
designs,
ranging
from
6
16
electrodes,
allow
selective
models
rat
pig
sciatic
nerve,
achieving
targeted
activation
up
5
hindlimb
muscles.
Conclusion
These
results
suggest
promising
alternative
classic
fixed-diameter
cuffs
facilitate
adoption
soft,
clinical
settings.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
33(47)
Published: May 19, 2021
Abstract
In
recent
studies
related
to
bioelectronics,
significant
efforts
have
been
made
form
3D
electrodes
increase
the
effective
surface
area
or
optimize
transfer
of
signals
at
tissue–electrode
interfaces.
Although
bioelectronic
devices
with
2D
and
flat
electrode
structures
used
extensively
for
monitoring
biological
signals,
these
planar
it
difficult
biocompatible
uniform
interfaces
nonplanar
soft
systems
(at
cellular
tissue
levels).
Especially,
biomedical
applications
expanding
rapidly
toward
organoids
deep
tissues
living
animals,
bioelectrodes
are
getting
attention
because
they
can
reach
regions
various
tissues.
An
overview
on
devices,
such
as
use
electrical
stimulations
recording
neural
from
subjects,
is
presented.
Subsequently,
developments
in
materials
fabrication
processing
micro‐
nanostructures
introduced,
followed
by
broad
vitro
vivo
conditions.
Nanoenergy Advances,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2(1), P. 64 - 109
Published: Feb. 10, 2022
Nanogenerators,
based
on
piezoelectric
or
triboelectric
materials,
have
emerged
in
the
recent
years
as
an
attractive
cost-effective
technology
for
harvesting
energy
from
renewable
and
clean
sources,
but
also
human
sensing
biomedical
wearable/implantable
applications.
Advances
materials
engineering
enlightened
new
opportunities
creation
use
of
novel
biocompatible
soft
well
micro/nano-structured
chemically-functionalized
interfaces.
Hybridization
is
a
key
concept
that
can
be
used
to
enhance
performances
single
devices,
by
coupling
more
transducing
mechanisms
single-integrated
micro-system.
It
has
attracted
plenty
research
interest
due
promising
effects
signal
enhancement
simultaneous
adaptability
different
operating
conditions.
This
review
covers
classifies
main
types
hybridization
piezo-triboelectric
bio-nanogenerators
it
provides
overview
most
advances
terms
material
synthesis,
applications,
power-management
circuits
technical
issues
development
reliable
implantable
devices.
State-of-the-art
applications
fields
harvesting,
vitro/in
vivo
sensing,
bioelectronics
are
outlined
presented.
The
applicative
perspectives
challenges
finally
discussed,
with
aim
suggest
improvements
design
implementation
next-generation
hybrid
biosensors.
Science Robotics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(78)
Published: May 10, 2023
Electrocorticography
(ECoG)
is
a
minimally
invasive
approach
frequently
used
clinically
to
map
epileptogenic
regions
of
the
brain
and
facilitate
lesion
resection
surgery
increasingly
explored
in
brain-machine
interface
applications.
Current
devices
display
limitations
that
require
trade-offs
among
cortical
surface
coverage,
spatial
electrode
resolution,
aesthetic,
risk
consequences
often
limit
use
mapping
technology
operating
room.
In
this
work,
we
report
on
scalable
technique
for
fabrication
large-area
soft
robotic
arrays
their
deployment
cortex
through
square-centimeter
burr
hole
using
pressure-driven
actuation
mechanism
called
eversion.
The
deployable
system
consists
up
six
prefolded
legs,
it
placed
subdurally
an
aqueous
pressurized
solution
secured
pedestal
rim
small
craniotomy.
Each
leg
contains
soft,
microfabricated
electrodes
strain
sensors
real-time
monitoring.
proof-of-concept
acute
surgery,
array
was
successfully
deployed
minipig
record
sensory
activity.
This
neurotechnology
opens
promising
avenues
applications
related
neurological
disorders
such
as
motor
deficits.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(11)
Published: Jan. 9, 2024
Implantable
bioelectronic
devices
(IBDs)
have
gained
attention
for
their
capacity
to
conformably
detect
physiological
and
pathological
signals
further
provide
internal
therapy.
However,
traditional
power
sources
integrated
into
these
IBDs
possess
intricate
limitations
such
as
bulkiness,
rigidity,
biotoxicity.
Recently,
artificial
"tissue
batteries"
(ATBs)
diffusely
developed
manufacturing,
enabling
comprehensive
biological-activity
monitoring,
diagnosis,
ATBs
are
on-demand
designed
accommodate
the
soft
confining
curved
placement
space
of
organisms,
minimizing
interface
discrepancies,
providing
ample
clinical
applications.
This
review
presents
near-term
advancements
in
ATBs,
with
a
focus
on
miniaturization,
flexibility,
biodegradability,
density.
Furthermore,
it
delves
material-screening,
structural-design,
energy
density
across
three
distinct
categories
TBs,
distinguished
by
supply
strategies.
These
types
encompass
innovative
storage
(chemical
batteries
supercapacitors),
conversion
that
harness
from
human-body
(biofuel
cells,
thermoelectric
nanogenerators,
bio-potential
devices,
piezoelectric
harvesters,
triboelectric
devices),
transfer
receive
utilize
external
(radiofrequency-ultrasound
ultrasound-induced
photovoltaic
devices).
Ultimately,
future
challenges
prospects
emphasize
indispensability
bio-safety,
high-volume
crucial
components
long-term
implantable
devices.
npj Flexible Electronics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Abstract
Stretchable
electronics
are
of
huge
interest
as
they
can
be
useful
in
various
irregular
non-planar
or
deformable
surfaces
including
human
bodies.
High
density
multi-functional
stretchable
beneficial
reliably
used
more
compact
regions.
However,
simply
stacking
multiple
layers
may
increase
induced
strain,
reducing
degree
stretchability.
Here,
we
present
the
design
approach
for
multilayer
that
provide
a
similar
stretchability
compare
to
single
layer
although
much
form.
We
experimental
and
computational
analyses
benefits
along
with
demonstrations
form
implantable
bio-electronics
passive
matrix
LEDs
array.
The
results
presented
here
should
wide
range
applications
require
high-density
electronics.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
10(3)
Published: Nov. 17, 2020
Abstract
Research
on
the
field
of
implantable
electronic
devices
that
can
be
directly
applied
in
body
with
various
functionalities
is
increasingly
intensifying
due
to
its
great
potential
for
therapeutic
applications.
While
conventional
electronics
generally
include
rigid
and
hard
conductive
materials,
their
surrounding
biological
objects
are
soft
dynamic.
The
mechanical
mismatch
between
implanted
environments
induces
damages
especially
long‐term
Stretchable
outstanding
compliance
effectively
improve
such
limitations
existing
electronics.
In
this
article,
recent
progress
based
nanocomposites
systematically
described.
particular,
representative
fabrication
approaches
stretchable
vivo
applications
focused
on.
To
conclude,
challenges
perspectives
current
should
considered
further
advances
discussed.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Nov. 18, 2021
Abstract
Bioelectronic
interfaces
have
been
extensively
investigated
in
recent
years
and
advances
technology
derived
from
these
tools,
such
as
soft
ultrathin
sensors,
now
offer
the
opportunity
to
interface
with
parts
of
body
that
were
largely
unexplored
due
lack
suitable
tools.
The
musculoskeletal
system
is
an
understudied
area
where
new
technologies
can
result
advanced
capabilities.
Bones
a
sensor
stimulation
location
tremendous
advantages
for
chronic
biointerfaces
because
devices
be
permanently
bonded
provide
stable
optical,
electromagnetic,
mechanical
impedance
over
course
years.
Here
we
introduce
class
wireless
battery-free
devices,
named
osseosurface
electronics,
which
feature
mechanics,
ultra-thin
form
factor
miniaturized
multimodal
comprised
sensors
optoelectronics
directly
adhered
surface
bone.
Potential
this
fully
implanted
device
demonstrated
via
real-time
recording
bone
strain,
millikelvin
resolution
thermography
delivery
optical
freely-moving
small
animal
models.
Battery-free
architecture,
direct
growth
engineered
calcium
phosphate
ceramic
particles,
demonstration
operation
deep
tissue
large
models
readout
smartphone
highlight
characteristics
exploratory
research
utility
diagnostic
therapeutic
platform.
Journal of Neural Engineering,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
18(3), P. 031001 - 031001
Published: March 8, 2021
Peripheral
nerve
interfaces
(PNIs)
record
and/or
modulate
neural
activity
of
nerves,
which
are
responsible
for
conducting
sensory-motor
information
to
and
from
the
central
nervous
system,
regulating
inner
organs.
PNIs
used
both
in
neuroscience
research
therapeutical
applications
such
as
precise
closed-loop
control
neuroprosthetic
limbs,
treatment
neuropathic
pain
restoration
vital
functions
(e.g.
breathing
bladder
management).
Implantable
represent
an
attractive
solution
directly
access
peripheral
nerves
provide
enhanced
selectivity
recording
stimulation,
compared
their
non-invasive
counterparts.
Nevertheless,
long-term
functionality
implantable
is
limited
by
tissue
damage,
occurs
at
implant-tissue
interface,
thus
highly
dependent
on
material
properties,
biocompatibility
implant
design.
Current
focuses
development
mechanically
compliant
PNIs,
adapt
anatomy
dynamic
movements
body
thereby
limiting
foreign
response.
In
this
paper,
we
review
recent
progress
flexible
highlighting
promising
solutions
related
materials
selection
associated
fabrication
methods,
integrated
functions.
We
report
variety
available
interface
designs
(intraneural,
extraneural
regenerative)
different
modulation
techniques
(electrical,
optical,
chemical)
emphasizing
main
challenges
with
integrating
systems
substrates.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
8(9)
Published: March 8, 2021
Intraoperative
electrocorticography
(ECoG)
captures
neural
information
from
the
surface
of
cerebral
cortex
during
surgeries
such
as
resections
for
intractable
epilepsy
and
tumors.
Current
clinical
ECoG
grids
come
in
evenly
spaced,
millimeter-sized
electrodes
embedded
silicone
rubber.
Their
mechanical
rigidity
fixed
electrode
spatial
resolution
are
common
shortcomings
reported
by
surgical
teams.
Here,
advances
soft
neurotechnology
leveraged
to
manufacture
conformable
subdural,
thin-film
grids,
evaluate
their
suitability
translational
research.
Soft
with
0.2
10
mm
pitch
diameter
150
µm
membranes.
The
compatible
handling
can
be
folded
safely
interface
hidden
Sylvian
fold
human
cadaveric
models.
It
is
found
that
conductor
do
not
generate
diagnostic-impeding
imaging
artefacts
(<1
mm)
nor
adverse
local
heating
within
a
standard
3T
magnetic
resonance
scanner.
Next,
ability
record
subdural
activity
minipigs
acutely
two
weeks
postimplantation
validated.
Taken
together,
these
results
suggest
promising
future
alternative
current
stiff
may
enable
adoption
research
ultimately
settings.