Reprogramming the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Through Activatable Photothermal Therapy and GSH depletion Using Liposomal Gold Nanocages to Potentiate Anti‐Metastatic Immunotherapy

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy offers significant clinical benefits for patients with advanced or metastatic tumors. However, immunotherapeutic efficacy is often hindered by the tumor microenvironment's high redox levels, leading to variable patient outcomes. Herein, a therapeutic liposomal gold nanocage (MGL) innovatively developed based on photo‐triggered hyperthermia and releasable strategy combining glutathione (GSH) depletion remodel immune microenvironment, fostering more robust anti‐tumor response. MGL comprises thermosensitive liposome shell core loaded maleimide. The flexible promotes efficient uptake cancer cells, enabling targeted destruction through photothermal therapy while triggering immunogenic cell death maturation of antigen‐presenting cells. photoactivated release maleimide depletes intracellular GSH, increasing sensitivity oxidative stress thermal damage. Conversely, GSH reduction also diminishes immunosuppressive activity, enhances antigen presentation, activates T Moreover, decreases elevated levels heat shock proteins in further their hyperthermia. In summary, elicited systemic antitumor response depletion, facilitating an effective that reprograms microenvironment significantly inhibits primary This approach demonstrates considerable translational potential applicability.

Language: Английский

---

In situ vaccine “seeds” for enhancing cancer immunotherapy by exploiting apoptosis-associated morphological changes

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 379, P. 757 - 767

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Smart nanoparticle delivery of cancer vaccines enhances tumor immune responses: a review

Frontiers in Nanotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: April 14, 2025

Cancer arises from the uncontrolled proliferation of tumor cells within body. As incidence cancer continues to rise, its treatment has become a critical focus for clinicians. The body possesses immune surveillance mechanism designed inhibit cells. When tumor-associated mutant antigens appear on cell surface, antigen-presenting cells, as dendritic present these specific such T lymphocytes, thereby promoting an response and enhancing cytotoxic effect Concurrently, system develops memory, akin elicited by vaccination. While traditional diseases like tuberculosis tetanus can be prevented treated through vaccination, development vaccines remains in nascent stages. Tumor-specific originate patient’s own or generated mutation. Thus, presentation tumor-specific is pivotal anti-tumor immunotherapy. Advances nanoscience offer novel approaches Nanoparticles (NPs) engineered nanotechnology have garnered significant attention due their diverse, favorable, stable properties. These NPs effectively encapsulate chemotherapy drugs proteins, facilitating targeted delivery vivo . Common carriers include liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, metal among others. intelligent systems enhance efficient antigen presentation, augmenting responses. sourced In this review, we summarize current methodologies obtaining various discuss how delivered via different bolster immunity. Additionally, clinical translation perspective, explore challenges opportunities associated with responses smart NP vaccines. We aim review inspire new strategies use advance research

Language: Английский

---

Glioblastoma Cell Derived Exosomes as a Potent Vaccine Platform Targeting Primary Brain Cancers and Brain Metastases

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent brain tumor that remains incurable up to now. The rapid advancement of immunotherapy makes vaccines a promising therapeutic approach for GBM. However, current vaccine platforms, such as peptides, dendritic cells, mRNA, and viral vectors, are subject limitations inadequate antigen loading, insufficient immune system activation, ineffective vector delivery, complicated fabrication process, complex formulation. Here, we developed GBM cell derived homologous exosomal nanovaccine does not need carry any additional antigens leads activation antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in lymph nodes, increasing proportion (matured cytotoxic T memory cells) turn promoting expression cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ), which effectively stimulates innate immunity trigger durable protective against insult. Our platform possesses efficient dual-targeting capability nodes brain. More importantly, nanovaccines protected 100% treated mice by inducing sustained strong GL261-luc resulting mouse survival (8/8) 5 months. also induced antitumor responses immunosuppressed CT2A-luc model with greatly improved compared control mice. Exosomal demonstrated effectiveness preventing metastasis B16F10-luc melanoma malignant model, showed notably rates. simple potent exosomes offer versatile clinical translation individualized therapy.

Language: Английский

---

NIR-activated Janus nanomotors with promoted tumor permeability for synergistic photo-immunotherapy

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---