Energies,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(7), P. 1782 - 1782
Published: April 2, 2025
Self-assembled
monolayers
(SAMs)
have
gained
significant
attention
as
an
interfacial
engineering
strategy
for
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
due
to
their
efficient
charge
transport
ability
and
work
function
tunability.
While
solution-based
methods
such
dip-coating
spin-coating
are
widely
used
SAM
deposition,
challenges
non-uniform
coverage,
solvent
contamination,
limited
control
over
molecular
orientation
hinder
scalability
reproducibility.
In
contrast,
vacuum
deposition
techniques,
including
thermal
evaporation,
overcome
these
limitations
by
enabling
the
formation
of
highly
uniform
materials
with
precise
thickness
arrangement.
Importantly,
chemical
interactions
between
layers,
coordination
bonding
Pb2+
ions,
play
important
role
in
passivating
surface
defects,
modulating
energy
levels,
promoting
crystallization.
These
not
only
enhance
wettability
but
also
improve
overall
quality
stability
films.
This
review
highlights
advantages
vacuum-deposited
SAMs,
strong
layers
improving
properties
critical
scalable
applications.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(17), P. 6157 - 6203
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
HSSAMs
with
diverse
structures,
encompassing
various
anchoring
and
functional
groups,
were
systematically
categorized
their
multifaceted
roles
in
inverted
PSCs
TSCs
correlation
device
performance
investigated.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Self-assembled
monolayers
(SAMs)
have
displayed
unpredictable
potential
in
efficient
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs).
Yet
most
of
SAMs
are
largely
suitable
for
pure
Pb-based
devices,
precisely
developing
promising
hole-selective
contacts
(HSCs)
Sn-based
PSCs
and
exploring
the
underlying
general
mechanism
fundamentally
desired.
Here,
based
on
prototypical
donor-acceptor
SAM
MPA-BT-BA
(BT),
oligoether
side
chains
with
different
length
(i.e.,
methoxy,
2-methoxyethoxy,
2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy
group)
were
custom-introduced
benzothiadiazole
unit
to
produce
target
acronyms
MPA-MBT-BA
(MBT),
MPA-EBT-BA
(EBT),
MPA-MEBT-BA
(MEBT),
respectively,
acting
as
HSCs
Sn-Pb
all-perovskite
tandems.
The
introduction
enables
effectively
accelerate
hole
extraction,
regulate
crystal
growth
passivate
surface
defects
perovskites.
In
particular,
benefiting
from
enhanced
film
quality
suppressed
interfacial
non-radiative
recombination
losses,
EBT-tailored
LBG
devices
yield
a
champion
efficiency
23.54%,
enabling
28.61%
monolithic
tandems
an
impressive
VOC
2.155
V
excellent
operational
stability
well
28.22%-efficiency
4-T
development
is
highly
desirable.
authors
report
self-assembled
achieve
operationally
stable
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
147(9), P. 8004 - 8011
Published: Feb. 18, 2025
Self-assembled
monolayer
molecules
have
been
widely
employed
as
interfacial
transport
materials
in
inverted
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs),
demonstrating
high
efficiency
and
improved
device
stability.
However,
self-assembling
(SAM)
often
suffer
from
aggregation
weak
interactions
with
the
layer,
resulting
inefficient
charge
transfer
significant
energy
losses,
ultimately
limiting
power
conversion
long-term
stability
of
cells.
In
this
work,
we
developed
a
series
novel
skeleton-matching
carbazole
isomer
SAMs
based
on
following
key
design
principles:
(1)
introducing
benzene
ring
structure
to
distort
molecular
skeleton
SAM,
thereby
preventing
achieving
uniform
distribution
fluorine-doped
tin
oxide
(FTO)
substrates;
(2)
strategically
incorporating
methoxy
groups
onto
at
different
positions
(ortho,
meta,
para).
These
functional
not
only
increase
anchoring
points
layer
but
also
fine-tune
dipole
moment.
Among
SAMs,
m-PhPACz
exhibits
most
favorable
properties,
maximum
moment
2.4
D
an
O-O
distance
that
aligns
excellently
diagonal
lead
ions
adjacent
lattice,
enhancing
SAM-perovskite
interactions,
facilitating
efficient
extraction,
improving
As
result,
new
SAM-based
PSCs
achieved
impressive
26.2%,
12.9%
improvement.
Moreover,
devices
demonstrated
outstanding
photothermal
stability,
retaining
96%
their
initial
PCE
after
1000
h
85
°C
maintaining
90%
300
UV-light
exposure.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(35), P. 24306 - 24316
Published: Aug. 22, 2024
Tin-lead
(Sn-Pb)
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
hold
considerable
potential
for
achieving
efficiencies
near
the
Shockley-Queisser
(S-Q)
limit.
Notably,
inverted
structure
stands
as
preferred
fabrication
method
most
efficient
Sn-Pb
PSCs.
In
this
regard,
it
is
imperative
to
implement
a
strategic
customization
of
hole
selective
layer
facilitate
carrier
extraction
and
refine
quality
films,
which
requires
effective
selectivity
favorable
interactions
with
perovskites.
Herein,
we
propose
development
Co-Self-Assembled
Monolayers
(Co-SAM)
by
integrating
both
[2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic
acid
(2PACz)
glycine
at
buried
contacts.
The
one-step
deposition
process
employed
in
Co-SAM
ensures
uniform
coverage,
resulting
homogeneous
surface
potential.
This
attributed
molecular
occurring
between
2PACz
processing
solution.
Furthermore,
amine
(-NH
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(22), P. 8557 - 8569
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
study
showed
PEHCl-CN
can
enhance
the
strength
of
Sn–I,
resulting
in
good
light
stability.
The
subsequent
doping
MBI
resulted
air
enables
integrated
2T
all-perovskite
device
to
achieve
an
efficiency
27.9%.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(19), P. 6974 - 7016
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
review
overviews
the
challenges
at
buried
interface
of
PSCs,
defect
passivation
capabilities
SAMs,
and
its
effectiveness
compared
to
other
passivating
agents.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 30, 2024
Through
a
bimolecular
energy-level-tunable
design,
an
ET-HTL
reaches
optimal
energy
level
alignment
with
three
different
perovskite
compositions,
providing
balanced
interface
defect
passivation,
charge
extraction,
and
transition
loss
suppression.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Abstract
A
class
of
self‐assembly
monolayers,
distinguished
by
a
carbazole‐conjugated
backbone
pendant
with
phosphonic
acid
(PA)
side
units,
are
widely
used
as
hole‐transporting
layers
(HTL)
in
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
However,
challenges
such
pronounced
aggregation
tendency
and
low
conductivity
have
hindered
their
widespread
applications.
This
study
addresses
these
limitations
introducing
novel
oligomeric
PA
designs
to
overcome
the
drawbacks
associated
monolayer
HTLs.
The
newly
synthesized
oligomer
integrates
carbazole
backbones
units
through
Suzuki
polymerization,
showing
absorption
characteristics
similar
small
molecules,
but
reduced
improved
hole
transport
properties.
OSCs
using
HTL
achieve
an
impressive
efficiency
19.63%
remarkable
stability.
These
results
highlight
potential
HTLs
promising
materials
for
realizing
efficient
OSCs.
