Toward a Brain–Neuromorphics Interface

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(37)

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Abstract Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) that enable human–machine interaction have immense potential in restoring or augmenting human capabilities. Traditional BCIs are realized based on complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technologies with complex, bulky, and low biocompatible circuits, suffer the energy efficiency of von Neumann architecture. The brain–neuromorphics interface (BNI) would offer a promising solution to advance BCI shape interactions machineries. Neuromorphic devices systems able provide substantial computation power extremely high energy‐efficiency by implementing in‐materia computing such as situ vector–matrix multiplication (VMM) physical reservoir computing. Recent progresses integrating neuromorphic components sensing and/or actuating modules, give birth afferent nerve, efferent sensorimotor loop, so on, which has advanced for future neurorobotics achieving sophisticated capabilities biological system. With development compact artificial spiking neuron bioelectronic interfaces, seamless communication between BNI bioentity is reasonably expectable. In this review, upcoming BNIs profiled introducing brief history neuromorphics, reviewing recent related areas, discussing advances challenges lie ahead.

Language: Английский

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Organic electrochemical neurons for neuromorphic perception

Nature Electronics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(7), P. 525 - 536

Published: July 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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π‐Conjugated Polymers for High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors: Molecular Design Strategies, Applications and Perspectives

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract The last decade has witnessed significant progress in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) due to their enormous potential applications various bioelectronic devices, such as artificial synapses, biological interfaces, and biosensors. remarkable advance this field is highly powered by the development of novel mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs). π‐Conjugated polymers (CPs), which are widely used optoelectronics, emerging key channel materials for OECTs. In review, after briefly introducing OECT, we then mainly focus on latest CPs high‐performance correlations structure, basic physicochemical properties, device performance elucidated evaluating electronic characters, optoelectronic OECT performance. Then, CP‐based OECTs presented. Finally, discuss several remaining issues or challenges give our insights into advancing enhanced

Language: Английский

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Organic Supercapacitors as the Next Generation Energy Storage Device: Emergence, Opportunity, and Challenges

ChemPhysChem, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(3)

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

Harnessing new materials for developing high-energy storage devices set off research in the field of organic supercapacitors. Various attractive properties like high energy density, lower device weight, excellent cycling stability, and impressive pseudocapacitive nature make supercapacitors suitable candidates high-end applications. This review highlights overall progress future Sustainable production depend on low cost, large supercapacitor packs with density. Organic pseudocapacitance, lightweight form factor, higher potential are alternatives to other devices. There many recent ongoing works that focus electrolytes along material aspect summarizes current status chemistry behind mechanism overcome challenges achieve superior performance opportunities.

Language: Английский

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The effect of residual palladium on the performance of organic electrochemical transistors

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 27, 2022

Organic electrochemical transistors are a promising technology for bioelectronic devices, with applications in neuromorphic computing and healthcare. The active component enabling an organic transistor is the mixed ionic-electronic conductor whose optimization critical realizing high-performing devices. In this study, influence of purity molecular weight examined p-type polythiophene n-type naphthalene diimide-based polymer improving performance safety transistors. Our preparative GPC purification reduced Pd content polymers improved their mobility by ~60% 80% p- materials, respectively. These findings demonstrate paramount importance removing residual Pd, which was concluded to be more than polymer's weight, improve that there readily available improvement stability many reported conductors.

Language: Английский

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Donor Functionalization Tuning the N‐Type Performance of Donor–Acceptor Copolymers for Aqueous‐Based Electrochemical Devices

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(29)

Published: May 4, 2022

Abstract In this work, three n‐type donor–acceptor copolymers consisting of glycolated naphthalene tetracarboxylicdiimide (gNDI) coupled with variable donating companion moieties are reported. Using 2,2′‐bis(3,4‐ethylenedioxy)bithiophene, 2,​2′‐​bithiophene, 3,3′‐difluoro‐2,2′‐bithiophene (FBT), the strength donor units is systematically functionalized. These used as a platform for aqueous‐based electrochemical devices, including energy‐storage electrochromic devices (ECDs), and organic transistors (OECTs). It found that redox stability electron mobility significantly improved via weakening electron‐donating units. gNDI coupling FBT (gNDI‐FBT) exhibits charge‐storage capacity exceeding 190 Fg −1 , which highest value reported to date NDI‐based polymer electrodes in aqueous media. For ECDs, gNDI‐FBT remains 100% initial electrochromism contrast ( ∆ % T = 20%) up 1200 s. addition, outperforms its two analogs OECTs, lower threshold voltage (0.19 V), faster response time (45.5 ms), higher volumetric capacitance (197 F cm −3 ). Moreover, fluorine atoms leads bipolarons delocalization along backbone favorable molecular packing ion–electron transport. Through such weak functionalization strategy, work provides ways tuning access desirable performance metrics optical, electrochemical, bioelectronic applications.

Language: Английский

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A flexible and highly sensitive organic electrochemical transistor-based biosensor for continuous and wireless nitric oxide detection

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(34)

Published: Aug. 16, 2022

As nitric oxide (NO) plays significant roles in a variety of physiological processes, the capability for real-time and accurate detection NO live organisms is great demand. Traditional assessments rely on indirect colorimetric techniques or electrochemical sensors that often comprise rigid constituent materials can hardly satisfy sensitivity spatial resolution simultaneously. Here, we report flexible highly sensitive biosensor based organic transistors (OECTs) capable continuous wireless biological systems. By modifying geometry active channel gate electrodes OECTs, devices achieve optimum signal amplification NO. The sensor exhibits low response limit, wide linear range, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, with miniaturized sensing region compared conventional sensor. device demonstrates nanomolar range cultured cells hours without drift. Real-time measurement accomplished 8 d articular cavity New Zealand White rabbits anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture injuries. observed level associated onset osteoarthritis (OA) at later stage. proposed platform could provide critical information early diagnosis chronic diseases timely medical intervention to optimize therapeutic efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Brain‐Inspired Organic Electronics: Merging Neuromorphic Computing and Bioelectronics Using Conductive Polymers

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(15)

Published: Oct. 22, 2023

Abstract Neuromorphic computing offers the opportunity to curtail huge energy demands of modern artificial intelligence (AI) applications by implementing computations into new, brain‐inspired architectures. However, lack fabrication processes able integrate several units monolithic systems and need for hardware‐tailored training algorithms still limit scope application performance neuromorphic hardware. Recent advancements in field organic transistors present new opportunities smart sensing applications, thanks their unique properties such as behavior, low‐voltage operation, mixed ionic‐electronic conductivity. Organic push boundaries efficient hardware AI, facilitating decentralized on‐chip learning serving a foundation advancement closed‐loop intelligent next generation. The biocompatibility dual conductivity materials introduce prospects biointegration bioelectronics. Their ability sense regulate biosystems, well neuro‐inspired functions can be combined with create next‐generation These will seamlessly interact biological locally compute biosignals relevant matter.

Language: Английский

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Recent Progress on Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(Styrenesulfonate) Bioelectrodes

Small Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(7)

Published: April 24, 2023

Sensing bioelectrical signals is of great significance to understand human disease. Reliable bioelectronic interface the guarantee high‐quality signals. The unique electrochemical property and mixed ionic electrical conductivity poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) make it an ideal material for skin/tissue–electronic interface. However, pristine PEDOT:PSS‐based devices cannot meet requirements practical use. Toward this end, herein, development electrodes their most recent advances in sensing are summarized. First, generation mechanism introduced detail. Then, according characteristics signals, bioelectrodes discussed. Next, representative achievements improving conductivity, stretchability, stability PEDOT:PSS introduced. Bioelectrical such as electromyogram (EMG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electrooculogram (EOG), electroencephalogram (EEG) successfully recorded by these electrodes. Finally, a brief summary provided, opportunities challenges also

Language: Английский

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Cycling stability of organic electrochemical transistors

Organic Electronics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 106777 - 106777

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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