Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(9), P. 5505 - 5616

Published: April 16, 2024

The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated creation more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at forefront numerous promising designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric have ability navigate various biological barriers precisely target specific sites within body, encapsulate a diverse range cargo efficiently release this in response internal external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, presence wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide comprehensive understanding vehicles. affecting be outlined first, followed by description nanoparticle designs preparation methods, beginning with polymers on which they are based. meticulously explore current performance against myriad diseases including cancer, viral bacterial infections, before finally evaluating advantages crucial challenges that determine potential decades come.

Language: Английский

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Rational Design of Photocatalysts for Controlled Polymerization: Effect of Structures on Photocatalytic Activities

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(6), P. 5476 - 5518

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Over the past decade, use of photocatalysts (PCs) in controlled polymerization has brought new opportunities sophisticated macromolecular synthesis. However, selection PCs these systems been typically based on laborious trial-and-error strategies. To tackle this limitation, computer-guided rational design knowledge structure-property-performance relationships emerged. These strategies provide rapid and economic methodologies for tuning performance functionality a system, thus providing further polymer science. This review provides an overview employed photocontrolled summarizes their progression from early to current state-of-the-art. Background theories electronic transitions are also introduced establish perspective quantum chemistry. Typical examples each type structure-property then presented enlighten future polymerization.

Language: Английский

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Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 60(16), P. 8839 - 8850

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

Abstract RAFT facilitated digital light projection 3D printing of polymeric materials provides a convenient and facile route for inducing post‐fabrication transformations via reactivation dormant chain transfer agents. In this work, we report the use Norrish type I photoinitiator in conjunction with agent to produce variety open‐air printable resins that rapidly cure under visible irradiation. The photoinitiator‐RAFT system polymerizes extremely quickly high build rates up 9.1 cm h −1 , representing 7‐fold increase compared previous mediated systems. printed containing thiocarbonylthio groups can be also produced using low concentrations divinyl comonomers initial resins, which has not been successfully achieved other photocontrolled polymerization techniques. Interestingly, inclusion agents significantly improves resolution formulations without agent, allowing fabrication intricate complex objects. Spatiotemporally controlled surface modifications objects from on material surfaces were performed one two‐pass configurations, multiple successive post‐printing same object.

Language: Английский

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Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: From Polymer Network Synthesis to 3D Printing

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(5)

Published: Jan. 21, 2021

Abstract 3D printing has changed the fabrication of advanced materials as it can provide customized and on‐demand networks. However, polymer with capacity to be transformed after remains a great challenge for engineers, material, scientists. Radical polymerization been conventionally used in photopolymerization‐based printing, broader context crosslinked Although this reaction pathway shown promise, offers limited control over chain growth, architecture, thus final properties More fundamentally, radical produces dead chains incapable postpolymerization transformations. Alternatively, application reversible deactivation (RDRP) networks allows tuning network homogeneity more importantly, enables production containing dormant reactivatable species that subsequent processes postsynthetic stage. Consequently, opportunities (photoactivated) RDRP‐based offer have leveraged through novel concepts structurally tailored engineered macromolecular gels, living additive manufacturing photoexpandable/transformable‐polymer Herein, advantages irreversibly formed conventional are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Ultrafast Visible-Light-Induced ATRP in Aqueous Media with Carbon Quantum Dots as the Catalyst and Its Application for 3D Printing

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144(22), P. 9817 - 9826

Published: May 26, 2022

Photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been proved to be a versatile technique for polymer network formation. However, the slow rates of typical ATRP limited its application in field additive manufacturing (3D printing). In this work, we introduced carbon quantum dots (CQDs) first time aqueous media and developed an ultrafast visible-light-induced system. After optimization, could achieve high monomer conversion (>90%) within 1 min, polydispersity index (PDI) was lower than 1.25. This system then applied as example 3D printing hydrogel through digital light processing (DLP), printed object exhibited good dimensional accuracy. Additionally, excellent stable optical properties CQDs also provided interesting photoluminescence capabilities objects. We deduce mediated process would provide new platform preparation functional stimuli-responsive materials.

Language: Английский

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Dual-curing polymer systems for photo-curing 3D printing

Additive manufacturing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 104142 - 104142

Published: April 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Multimaterial Vat Polymerization Additive Manufacturing

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(9), P. 4304 - 4324

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

Additive manufacturing is the process of creating an object from a digital three-dimensional (3D) design using hardware that deposits and adds materials successively until desired formed. Vat polymerization type additive technique offers attractive strategy for fabricating 3D objects due to its high resolution, versatility feedstock materials, dimensional accuracy. However, ability spatially control placement multiple during vat limited by mechanical designs can restrict printing single photocurable resin, making it difficult create complex geometries with embedded functionality. In this review, we highlight work-arounds have been employed, such as manually switching resins, well two key areas innovation: chemistry materials. These methods include systems which automatically switch resin vats, volumetric overprints secondary structure on top existing object, specially formulated, unique material chemistries, those enable dual wavelength light initiate orthogonal mechanisms, degree cross-linking variation in parameters, phase separation functional Perspectives interplay printer chemistry, constraints they impose one another, future multimaterial are described. order emerge viable technology manufacturing, both must be codeveloped.

Language: Английский

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2D Porphyrinic Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets as Multidimensional Photocatalysts for Functional Materials

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 60(42), P. 22664 - 22671

Published: July 29, 2021

Abstract Ultrathin porphyrinic 2D MOFs, ZnTCPP nanosheets (TCPP: 5,10,15,20‐(tetra‐4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) were employed as heterogeneous photocatalysts to activate PET‐RAFT polymerization under various wavelengths ranging from violet orange light. High rates, oxygen tolerance, and precise temporal control achieved. The polymers showed narrow molecular weight distributions good chain‐end fidelity. applied in stereolithographic 3D printing an open‐air environment blue light yield well‐defined printed objects. Apart providing efficient catalytic system, reinforced the mechanical properties of materials. presence embedded materials conferred effective antimicrobial activity visible by production singlet oxygen, affording 98 % 93 anti‐bacterial efficiency against Gram‐positive Gram‐negative bacteria, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Enzyme Catalysis for Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(26)

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Enzyme catalysis has been increasingly utilized in reversible deactivation radical polymerization (Enz-RDRP) on account of its mildness, efficiency, and sustainability. In this Minireview we discuss the key roles enzymes play RDRP, including their ATRPase, initiase, deoxygenation, photoenzyme activities. We use selected examples to highlight applications Enz-RDRP surface brush fabrication, sensing, polymerization-induced self-assembly, high-throughput synthesis. also give our reflections challenges future directions emerging area.

Language: Английский

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Repeatedly Recyclable 3D Printing Catalyst‐Free Dynamic Thermosetting Photopolymers

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(20)

Published: March 15, 2023

Photo-curing 3D printing technology has promoted the advanced manufacturing in various fields, but exacerbated environmental crisis by demand for chemically cross-linked thermosetting photopolymers. Here, authors report a generic strategy to develop catalyst-free dynamic photopolymers, based on photopolymerization and transesterification, that can enable users realize repeatable printing, providing practical solution challenges. That β-carbonyl group adjacent ester greatly accelerates rate of transesterification is demonstrated. The generated resins from immobilization reversible bonds into photopolymers leads covalently crosslinked network structure upon UV which exhibit controllable mechanical properties with elastomeric behaviors thermadapt shape memory polymers. Furthermore, resulting be reverted an acrylate-functioned photopolymer suitable again, presenting on-demand, repeatedly recyclable platform sustainable printing.

Language: Английский

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