Progress in heterocyclic chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 281 - 332
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Language: Английский
Chemistry - An Asian Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(17)
Published: June 10, 2024
Abstract Zwitterionic compounds are an emergent class of energetic materials and have gained synthetic interest many in the recent years. Due to their better packing efficiencies strong inter/intramolecular electrostatic interactions, they often ensue superior properties than salt analogues. A systematic review from perspective design, synthesis, physicochemical evaluation zwitterionic is presented. Depending on parent ring(s) used for synthesis type moieties bearing positive negative charges, different classes materials, such as primary explosives, secondary heat resistant oxidizers, etc., may result. The some also compared with analogous salts. This will encourage readers explore possibility designing new materials.
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(32), P. 6604 - 6616
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
This work demonstrates the synthesis, characterization, and energetic properties’ evaluation of polynitro-functionalized 4-phenyl-1 H -pyrazole-based heat-resistant explosives.
Language: Английский
Citations
21
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88(21), P. 15085 - 15096
Published: Oct. 17, 2023
In the quest to synthesize high-performing insensitive high-energy density materials (HEDMs), main challenge is establishing an equilibrium between energy and stability. For this purpose, we explored 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitropyrazole- tetrazole-based energetic scaffolds connected via a N-methylene-C bridge. The hydroxy functionality nitro groups on pyrazole ring promotes physical stability inter- intramolecular hydrogen bonding contributes oxygen balance, supporting better performance. Due two acidic sites (OH NH) with different reactivities, series of monocationic dicationic salts were synthesized, their overall performance was compared. All compounds synthesized in study have high impact sensitivity >40 J friction >360 N. Monocationic generally found thermal respect corresponding salts, which showed salt formation strategy effectively improved 2 (Td = 168 °C), where most decomposition temperatures higher than 220 °C. characterized through IR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), elemental analysis. structure-property relationship studied using Hirshfeld surface analysis, noncovalent interaction (NCI) electrostatic potential studies.
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Chemical Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(95), P. 14110 - 14113
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Superior derivatives of bispyrazolylmethanes, bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitropyrazolyl)methane and its high-performance energetic salts, were synthesized characterized.
Language: Английский
Citations
18
Energetic Materials Frontiers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 8 - 16
Published: Feb. 23, 2024
In the field of energetic materials, prime attention has been given to synthesis environmentally compatible materials having an adequate balance between energy and stability. For this purpose, nitrogen-rich heterocyclic rings have contributed as pivotal frameworks. Nitro-functionalized 1,2,4-triazoles profusely used a constituent for synthesizing high-performing (EMs) due their high nitrogen content, good thermal stability, modifiable sites via functionalization. Combination with different scaffold may provide opportunity accessible tailoring. work, in effort investigate potential 3-nitrotriazoles, its N-acetonitrile derivative 2 was synthesized, which further converted various explosophores. N-methylene-C bridged asymmetrically connected tetrazole (3) 1,2,4-oxadiazole (9 10) based EMs synthesized. Further tuning properties salt formation strategy employed compounds 4–7, 11 12. 1,2,4-oxadiazole-based compound 9 also confirmed X-ray diffraction analysis, 10 analyzed 15N NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 3, 4, 5, 7 exhibited stabilities were found be insensitive towards impact friction. 6, detonation performance comparable conventional explosive TATB.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Crystal Growth & Design, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(16), P. 6790 - 6799
Published: July 31, 2024
The dominance of nitro pyrazole-based explosives in the recently reported high-performing energetic materials motivated us to comprehensively investigate energy–stability correlation among different compounds based on 3,5-dinitro pyrazoles employing various computational methods. We also explored and physicochemical properties overlooked compound 3,5-dinitropyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (CDNP). This study revealed that CDNP exhibits highest thermal stability 4-substituted-3,5-dinitropyrazoles, combined with an acceptable performance. These characteristics are attributed its layered packing, strong intermolecular interactions, carbonyl bonds. Furthermore, dicationic salt formation further allowed fine-tune overall performance stability. dihydroxylammonium (5) shows best performance, comparable well-known traditional explosive TATB, good low sensitivity toward impact friction.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Energetic Materials Frontiers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 105 - 111
Published: May 14, 2024
Various types of materials have been explored in the pursuit high energy density (HEDMs) that balanced and stability. Among them, energetic salts show numerous advantages, such as lower vapor pressures, physical stabilities, opportunity for favourable tuning by careful selection cations/anions. Nitrogen-rich bases are generally used cations salt formation. While synthesis with larger lowers sensitivity, smaller aid better performance. A combination both same ionic moieties might help formation a superior explosive. In this work, facile route mixed dicationic based on 1-((1H-tetrazol-5-yl)methyl)-3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-ol (compound 1) has various combinations bigger (compounds 4-10). All synthesized showed positive heats formation, performance comparable to TATB, excellent stability towards impact friction, acceptable thermal stabilities. This improved technique will provide an additional option fine-tuning properties HEDMs facilitate exploring role overall compounds.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Materials Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 171 - 182
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
Energetic and physicochemical properties of 4-azido-3,5-dinitropyrazole based energetic compounds were fine-tuned by connecting it to 5-nitramino-1,2,4-oxadiazole moieties via N -methylene- C bridges salt formation strategy.
Language: Английский
Citations
17
Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(8), P. 1299 - 1305
Published: June 5, 2024
Abstract In an attempt to cultivate energy‐stability balance, a series of nitrogen and oxygen‐rich high energy density materials were synthesized based on N ‐substituted 4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dinitropyrazole methylene‐linked ‐amino‐1,2,4‐bridges. The hydroxy substituent contributed oxygen content, hydrogen bonding, tunability via salt formation. On the other hand, triazole bridge delivered content thermal stability. All compounds characterized with multinuclear NMR, FTIR, HRMS, elemental analysis, their physicochemical energetic properties analyzed. Energetic 1 – 5 showed detonation performance adequate overall stabilities. Compound exhibited higher (1.84 g/cm 3 ) ( D v = 8103 m/s, P 26.9 GPa) in comparison its reported amino derivative.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Dalton Transactions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(42), P. 17179 - 17189
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
A family of new asymmetric N -methylene-C linked nitropyrazoles and 1,2,4-triazol-3-one based thermally stable energetic materials with reduced sensitivity has been synthesized. Background image via Canva.
Language: Английский
Citations
4