Several lines of antioxidant defense against oxidative stress: antioxidant enzymes, nanomaterials with multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, and low-molecular-weight antioxidants

Archives of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(5), P. 1323 - 1367

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS) are well recognized for playing a dual role, since they can be either deleterious or beneficial to biological systems. An imbalance between ROS production elimination is termed oxidative stress, critical factor common denominator of many chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s diseases), other disorders. To counteract the harmful effects ROS, organisms have evolved complex, three-line antioxidant defense system. The first-line mechanism most efficient involves enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This line plays an irreplaceable role in dismutation radicals (O 2 ·− ) hydrogen peroxide (H O ). removal by SOD prevents formation much more damaging peroxynitrite ONOO − + NO · → maintains physiologically relevant level nitric oxide (NO ), important molecule neurotransmission, inflammation, vasodilation. second-line pathway exogenous diet-derived small-molecule antioxidants. third-line ensured repair oxidized proteins biomolecules variety enzyme review briefly discusses endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH, xanthine oxidase (XO), Fenton reaction) (e.g., smoking, radiation, drugs, pollution) sources (superoxide radical, peroxide, hydroxyl peroxyl hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite). Attention has been given system provided SOD, CAT, GPx. chemical molecular mechanisms enzymes, enzyme-related (cancer, cardiovascular, lung, metabolic, GPx4) cellular processes ferroptosis discussed. Potential therapeutic applications mimics recent progress metal-based (copper, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, cerium) nonmetal (carbon)-based nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities (nanozymes) also Moreover, attention action low-molecular-weight antioxidants (vitamin C (ascorbate), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), carotenoids β-carotene, lycopene, lutein), flavonoids quercetin, anthocyanins, epicatechin), (GSH)), activation transcription factors Nrf2, protection against diseases. Given that there discrepancy preclinical clinical studies, approaches may result greater pharmacological success therapies subject discussion.

Language: Английский

---

Confining Prepared Ultrasmall Nanozymes Loading ATO for Lung Cancer Catalytic Therapy/Immunotherapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(45)

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Nanozymes with inherent enzyme-mimicking catalytic properties combat malignant tumor progression via therapy, while the therapeutic efficacy still needs to be improved. In this work, ultrasmall platinum nanozymes (nPt) in a confined domain of wormlike pore channel gold nanobipyramidal-mesoporous silica dioxide nanocomposites, producing nanozyme carriers AP-mSi photoenhanced peroxidase ability, are innovatively synthesized. Afterward, based on prepared AP-mSi, lung-cancer probe (AP-HAI) is ingeniously produced by removing SiO2 template, modifying human serum albumin, and loading atovaquone molecules (ATO) as well IR780. Under NIR light irradiation, inner AuP IR780 collaborate for photothermal process, thus facilitating peroxidase-like process H2 O2 . Additionally, loaded ATO, cell respiration inhibitor, can impair metabolism cause oxygen retention, hence enhancing IR780's photodynamic therapy (PDT) effectiveness. As result, PDT nPt nanozymes' ability endow probes high ROS productivity, eliciting antitumor immune responses destroy tissue. Systematic studies reveal that obvious reactive species (ROS) generation obtained strategy using reducing consumption which turn enables synergetic therapy/immunogenic-cell-death-based immunotherapy. The results work would provide theoretical justification practical use probes.

Language: Английский

---

The One‐Stop Integrated Nanoagent Based on Photothermal Therapy for Deep Infection Healing and Inflammation Inhibition

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(3)

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Abstract Chronic wounds caused by bacterial infections are a major challenge in medical fields. The hypoxia condition extremely induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and upregulates the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor, both which can increase pro‐inflammatory M1 subtype macrophages production while reducing anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages. Besides, bacteria‐formed biofilms hinder penetration therapeutic agents. Encouraged natural motors automatically executing tasks, hypothesized that supplying sufficient (O 2 ) would simultaneously drive agent movement, rescue hypoxic microenvironment, disrupt vicious cycle inflammation. Here, small organic molecule‐based nanoparticles (2TT‐mC6B@Cu 5.4 O NPs) possess high photothermal conversion efficiency enzymatic activities developed, including superoxide dismutase‐, catalase‐, glutathione peroxidase‐like activity. 2TT‐mC6B@Cu NPs exhibit superior ROS‐scavenging abilities synergistically relieve inflammation, alleviate conditions, promote their deep chronic wound tissues. Transcriptome analysis further demonstrates 2TT‐[email protected] inhibit biological inside bacteria. Furthermore, vivo experiments prove NPs‐based hyperthermia effectively eliminate bacteria to healing.

Language: Английский

---

A Multifunctional Covalent Organic Framework Nanozyme for Promoting Ferroptotic Radiotherapy against Esophageal Cancer

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(20), P. 20445 - 20461

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Radiotherapy is inevitably accompanied by some degree of radiation resistance, which leads to local recurrence and even therapeutic failure. To overcome this limitation, herein, we report the room-temperature synthesis an iodine- ferrocene-loaded covalent organic framework (COF) nanozyme, termed TADI-COF-Fc, for enhancement radiotherapeutic efficacy in treatment radioresistant esophageal cancer. The iodine atoms on COF not only exerted a direct effect radiotherapy, increasing its X-ray absorption, but also promoted radiolysis water, increased production reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, ferrocene surface decoration disrupted redox homeostasis levels hydroxyl lipid peroxide radicals depleting intracellular antioxidants. Both vitro vivo experiments substantiated excellent response TADI-COF-Fc. This study demonstrates potential COF-based multinanozymes as radiosensitizers suggests possible integration strategy combination oncotherapy.

Language: Английский

---

An Overview of Nanomaterial Applications in Pharmacology

BioMed Research International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Nanotechnology has become one of the most extensive fields research. Nanoparticles (NPs) form base for nanotechnology. Recently, nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used due to flexible chemical, biological, and physical characteristics with improved efficacy in comparison bulk counterparts. The significance each class NMs is enhanced by identifying their properties. Day day, there an emergence various applications NMs, but toxic effects associated them cannot be avoided. demonstrate therapeutic abilities enhancing drug delivery system, diagnosis, numerous agents, determining benefits over other clinical (disease‐specific) or substances ongoing investigation. This review aimed at defining NPs types, synthesis, pharmaceutical, biomedical, applications.

Language: Английский

---

Prussian Blue Nanoparticle: From a Photothermal Conversion Agent and a Drug Delivery System, to a Bioactive Drug

Accounts of Materials Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(6), P. 687 - 698

Published: April 5, 2024

ConspectusNanomedicine is an interdisciplinary science that involves chemistry, materials, physics, engineering, biology, and medicine. The main focus of nanomedicine on drug carriers: how to improve efficacy reduce side effects. In order further the synergistic detoxifying effects nanomedicines, scientists have adopted a multifunctional integration strategy. However, versatility brings complex components ignores between components. lack in-depth research bioactivities nanocarriers hinders development clinical translation nanomedicine.In past decade, gradually discovered nanomaterials show excellent bioactivities, becoming enormous treasure trove for disease prevention treatment. Among numerous bioactive Prussian blue (PB) antidote approved by US Food Drug Administration, showing biosafety. clinically PB owns many drawbacks, it difficult satisfy requirements When size reduces nanoscale, nano shows both unique properties enhancement its performance bioactivities. Due easy-to-regulate structure rich iron suspended bonds, may be potential delivery system. Electron transition in Fe-CN-Fe endows with strong absorbance near-infrared region, photothermal conversion agent. Furthermore, due redox catalytic activities, great translational clinic prospect.In this Account, we describe our exploration as agent, system treatment over decade. We first summarize application agent cancer, then recent progress diseases (such tumors, neurodegeneration, cerebrovascular disease, bone-related degenerative gastrointestinal skin lesions). Finally, look forward open challenges future developments rapidly developing field. hope Account will help readers understand not only carrier but also drug, thus realizing These studies provide paradigm nanomaterials. As other teams continue explore promising material, characteristics represented bring exciting

Language: Английский

---

Dual‐Track Multifunctional Bimetallic Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Antibiotic Enrichment and Detection

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(23)

Published: April 10, 2024

Abstract The improper use and overuse of antibiotics have led to significant burdens detrimental effects on the environment, food supply, human health. Herein, a magnetic solid‐phase extraction program an optical immunosensor based bimetallic Ce/Zr‐UiO 66 for detection are developed. A Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ce/Zr‐UiO metal‐organic framework (MOF) is prepared extract enrich chloramphenicol from fish, wastewater, urine samples, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐Ce/Zr‐UiO 66@bovine serum protein‐chloramphenicol probe used sensitive dual‐effect catalysis Ce HRP. In this manner, application in integrating sample pretreatment antibiotic systematically investigated associated mechanisms explored. It concluded that versatile dual‐track material exhibiting high enrichment efficiency (6.37 mg g −1 ) sensitivity (limit 51.3 pg mL serving as multifunctional MOF safeguarding public health hygiene.

Language: Английский

---

Microenvironment‐Adaptive Metallo‐Polymeric Nanodecoys via Subcomponent Coordination for Bacterial Biofilm Eradication and Immunomodulation

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(44)

Published: May 27, 2024

Abstract Biofilm‐associated infections pose complex challenges that require addressing the multifaceted requirements of biofilm disruption, bacterial killing, and immunomodulation. In this study, microenvironment‐adaptive metallo‐polymeric nanodecoys (MPNs) are synthesized through one‐pot subcomponent coordination in aqueous solution, effectively eradicating biofilms modulating immune response. Within acidic microenvironment biofilms, positively charged MPNs demonstrated ability to interact with eliminate bacteria while facilitating a Fenton‐like reaction for efficient eradication biofilms. As local shifted from neutral basic state during subsequent tissue healing processes, adaptively harness multiple properties bind pathogen‐associated molecular patterns, scavenge reactive oxygen species, thereby response, alleviating inflammation, promoting healing. This study presents an strategy preparing enzyme‐mimicking materials closely resemble natural metalloenzymes, offer alternative current antibiotic treatments biofilm‐associated infections.

Language: Английский

---

Iridium nanoparticles supported on polyaniline nanotubes for peroxidase mimicking towards total antioxidant capacity assay of fruits and vegetables

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 445, P. 138732 - 138732

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Focused ultrasound-mediated cerium-based nanoreactor against Parkinson's disease via ROS regulation and microglia polarization

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 368, P. 580 - 594

Published: March 14, 2024

Language: Английский

---