Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
36(13)
Published: Oct. 12, 2023
The
air
electrode
is
an
essential
component
of
air-demanding
energy
storage/conversion
devices,
such
as
zinc-air
batteries
(ZABs)
and
hydrogen
fuel
cells
(HFCs),
which
determines
the
output
power
stability
devices.
Despite
atom-level
modulation
in
catalyst
design
being
recently
achieved,
electrodes
have
received
much
less
attention,
causing
a
stagnation
development
equipment.
Herein,
evolution
for
ZABs
HFCs
from
early
stages
to
current
requirements
reviewed.
In
addition,
operation
mechanism
corresponding
electrocatalytic
mechanisms
are
summarized.
particular,
by
clarifying
interfaces
at
different
scales,
several
approaches
improve
rechargeable
reviewed,
including
innovative
structures
bifunctional
oxygen
catalysts.
Afterward,
operating
proton-exchange-membrane
(PEMFCs)
anion-exchange-membrane
(AEMFCs)
explained.
Subsequently,
strategies
employed
enhance
efficiency
membrane
assembly
(MEA)
PEMFCs
AEMFCs,
respectively,
highlighted
discussed
detail.
Last,
prospects
considered
discussing
main
challenges.
aim
this
review
facilitate
industrialization
HFCs.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(3), P. 1447 - 1494
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
A
comprehensive
overview
on
organic
polymers
as
electrocatalysts
is
summarized.
By
presenting
the
engineering
strategies,
insightful
understandings,
challenges,
and
perspectives,
we
hope
this
review
can
provide
valuable
references
for
readers.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Abstract
Exploiting
robust
and
high‐efficiency
electrocatalysts
for
sluggish
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
is
essential
proton
exchange
membrane
fuel
cells
(PEMFCs)
toward
long‐term
operation
practical
applications,
yet
remains
challenging.
Herein,
the
ordered
PtCo
intermetallic
reported
with
a
Pt‐rich
shell
loaded
on
highly
graphitized
carbon
carrier
(O‐PtCo@GCoNC)
prepared
by
an
impregnation
annealing
strategy.
Systematic
X‐ray
spectroscopic,
operando
electrochemical
techniques
theoretical
calculations
reveal
that
thanks
to
synergistic
interaction
of
core–shell
structure
tailor‐made
Pt
electronic
configuration
carbon,
O‐PtCo@GCoNC
exhibits
significantly
enhanced
activity
stability
ORR.
Crucially,
delivers
much‐enhanced
mass
0.83
A
mg
−1
at
0.9
V
versus
reversible
hydrogen
electrode
(RHE)
in
0.1
m
HClO
4
,
which
only
drops
26.5%
after
70
000
cycles
(0.6–1.0
vs
RHE),
10.8%
10
(1.0–1.5
apparently
overmatching
Pt/C
(0.19
73.7%,
63.1%).
Moreover,
employed
as
cathode
catalyst
H
2
/air
PEMFC
achieves
superb
peak
power
density
(1.04
W
cm
−2
2.06
),
outperforming
(0.86
1.79
).
The
cell
voltage
loss
0.8
28
mV
30
cycles,
outstripping
United
States
Department
Energy
2025
target.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
63(1)
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Development
of
efficient
and
easy-to-prepare
low-cost
oxygen
reaction
electrocatalysts
is
essential
for
widespread
application
rechargeable
Zn-air
batteries
(ZABs).
Herein,
we
mixed
NaCl
ZIF-8
by
simple
physical
milling
pyrolysis
to
obtain
a
metal-free
porous
electrocatalyst
doped
with
Cl
(mf-pClNC).
The
mf-pClNC
exhibits
good
reduction
(ORR)
activity
(E1/2
=0.91
V
vs.
RHE)
high
stability
in
alkaline
electrolyte,
exceeding
most
the
reported
transition
metal
carbon-based
being
comparable
commercial
Pt/C
electrocatalysts.
Likewise,
also
shows
state-of-the-art
ORR
acidic
electrolyte.
From
experimental
theoretical
calculations,
better
likely
originated
from
fact
that
introduced
promotes
increase
sp3
-hybridized
carbon,
while
carbon
together
modify
electronic
structure
N-adjacent
carbons,
as
active
sites,
molten-salt
etching
provides
abundant
paths
transport
electrons/protons.
Furthermore,
liquid
ZAB
using
cathode
fulfilling
performance
peak
power
density
276.88
mW
cm-2
.
Flexible
quasi-solid-state
constructed
an
exciting
both
at
low,
room
temperatures.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
34(32)
Published: March 28, 2024
Abstract
Research
on
high‐efficiency
and
cost‐efficient
catalysts
for
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
is
still
a
vital
but
challenging
issue
commercializing
metal–air
batteries.
Herein,
single‐molecule/atom
hybrid
catalyst
developed
to
boost
the
ORR,
in
which
iron
phthalocyanine
molecules
containing
molecular
Fe─N
4
moieties
couple
with
atomic
Co─N
sites
surface
of
polyhedral
carbon.
Density
functional
theory
calculations
reveal
that
face‐to‐face
laminated
construction
can
effectively
modulate
electronic
structure
active
atoms
reduce
energy
barrier
rate‐determining
step
ORR.
As
result,
this
demonstrates
excellent
ORR
performance,
featuring
half‐wave
potential
0.904
V,
peak
power
density
238.3
mW
cm
−2
zinc–air
battery,
outstanding
electrocatalytic
stability.
This
work
offers
distinctive
robust
molecular/atomic
engineering
approach
creating
efficient
electrocatalysts,
advancing
fields
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2024
Abstract
Electrocatalytic
technology
is
essential
to
develop
environmentally
friendly
energy
technologies
and
reduce
dependence
on
non‐renewable
resources.
The
construction
of
highly
efficient,
inexpensive,
robust
electrocatalysts
the
primary
prerequisite
large‐scale
application
electrochemical
devices.
In
recent
years,
selenium‐based
catalysts
(SBCs)
have
been
extensively
investigated
emerged
as
a
promising
candidate
for
electrocatalysis
given
their
potential
or
replace
dosage
noble
metals
ability
catalyze
range
critical
processes.
This
Review
minutely
analyses
research
advances
in
SBCs,
highlighting
significant
role
Se
enhancing
catalytic
performance.
First,
it
starts
from
concepts
related
followed
by
classification
SBCs
well
strategies
regulate
activity
are
elaborated.
Then,
techniques
characterizing
systematically
summed
up,
mainly
focusing
morphological
structural
characterization
methods.
Next,
applications
various
energy‐conversion
reactions
(e.g.,
hydrogen
evolution
reaction,
oxygen
reduction
nitrogen
CO
2
reaction)
discussed,
aiming
at
elucidating
association
between
structure–activity
correlations.
Finally,
challenges
future
development
trends
presented.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Abstract
Advancing
energy
conversion
technologies
requires
cost‐efficient
electrocatalysts
for
the
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR).
Iron
phthalocyanine
(FePc)
emerges
as
a
scalable
and
economical
ORR
electrocatalyst.
However,
Fe–N
4
configuration
in
FePc
still
falls
short
of
satisfied
activity
stability
under
electrocatalytic
conditions.
Here,
an
effective
f‐p‐d
(Eu–O–Fe)
gradient
orbital
coupling
strategy
is
introduced
by
integrating
with
Eu
2
O
3
(FePc/Eu
)
to
enhance
spin
state
performance
Fe
center
through
precisely
designed,
synthetic
approach.
The
Eu─O
bond
promotes
electron
delocalization
shifts
from
low‐spin
intermediate‐spin,
increasing
e
g
occupancy.
This
modification
optimizes
adsorption
oxygen‐containing
intermediates
lowers
barrier.
Notably,
increased
accelerates
charge
transfer
releasing
more
unpaired
electrons,
improving
kinetics.
Furthermore,
f‐band
serves
buffer
layer
compensation
during
ORR,
further
stabilizing
covalency
electronic
atomic
boosting
durability.
one‐batch
synthesis
produces
exceeding
300
g
FePc/Eu
,
achieving
half‐wave
potential
0.931
V
(vs
RHE)
at
cost
less
than
1/15
commercial
Pt/C.
It
demonstrates
exceptional
aluminum–air
batteries,
highlighting
its
significant
application
potential.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
63(1)
Published: Nov. 23, 2023
N-,
C-,
O-,
S-coordinated
single-metal-sites
(SMSs)
have
garnered
significant
attention
due
to
the
potential
for
significantly
enhanced
catalytic
capabilities
resulting
from
charge
redistribution.
However,
challenges
persist
in
precise
design
of
well-defined
such
SMSs,
and
fundamental
comprehension
has
long
been
impeded
case-by-case
reports
using
carbon
materials
as
investigation
targets.
In
this
work,
molecular
catalysts
with
N3
C1
-anchored
i.e.,
N-confused
metalloporphyrins
(NCPor-Ms),
are
calculated
their
oxygen
reduction
activity.
Then,
NCPor-Ms
corresponding
N4
SMSs
(metalloporphyrins,
Por-Ms),
synthesized
activity
evaluation.
Among
all,
NCPor-Co
reaches
top
established
volcano
plots.
also
shows
highest
half-wave
0.83
V
vs.
RHE,
which
is
much
better
than
that
Por-Co
(0.77
RHE).
Electron-rich,
low
band
gap
regulated
d-band
center
contribute
high
NCPor-Co.
This
study
delves
into
examination
asymmetric
SMS
catalysts,
encompassing
both
theoretical
experimental
facets.
It
serves
a
pioneering
step
towards
enhancing
facilitating
development
high-performance
catalysts.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(12), P. 5663 - 5687
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
This
review
summarizes
recent
progress
and
prospects
of
catalysts
containing
metal
single-atom
(M
1
)
nano-aggregates
(MNAs,
particles
or
clusters),
which
promise
to
combine
the
merits
SACs
MNA-based
for
efficient
electrocatalysis.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62(47)
Published: Oct. 2, 2023
Nitrogen-coordinated
iron
(Fe-N4
)
materials
represent
the
most
promising
non-noble
electrocatalysts
for
cathodic
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
of
fuel
cells.
However,
molecular-level
structure
design
Fe-N4
electrocatalyst
remains
a
great
challenge.
In
this
study,
we
develop
novel
conjugated
organic
polymer
(COP)
electrocatalyst,
which
allows
precise
structure,
leading
to
unprecedented
ORR
performance.
At
molecular
level,
have
successfully
organized
spatially
proximate
iron-pyrrole/pyrazine
(FePr/Pz)
pairs
into
fully
networks,
in
turn
endows
FePr
sites
with
firmly
covalent-bonded
matrix,
strong
d-π
electron
coupling
and
highly
dense
distribution.
The
resulting
pyrazine-linked
iron-coordinated
tetrapyrrole
(Pz-FeTPr)
COP
exhibits
superior
performance
compared
electrocatalysts,
half-wave
potential
0.933
V
negligible
activity
decay
after
40,000
cycles.
When
used
as
cathode
hydroxide
exchange
membrane
cell,
Pz-FeTPr
achieves
peak
power
density
≈210
mW
cm-2
.
We
anticipate
based
catalyst
could
be
an
effective
strategy
high-performance
facilitating
progress
