Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
39(3)
Published: Feb. 23, 2025
ABSTRACT
Radiotherapy
is
a
cornerstone
of
lung
cancer
management,
though
its
efficacy
frequently
undermined
by
intrinsic
and
acquired
radioresistance.
This
review
examines
the
complexity
tumors,
highlighting
their
potential
as
reservoir
novel
targets
for
radiosensitization.
Ionizing
radiation
(IR)
primarily
exerts
effects
through
oxidative
damage
DNA
double‐strand
breaks
(DSBs).
Lung
cells,
however,
develop
mutations
that
enhance
response
(DDR)
suppress
cell
death
pathways.
Additionally,
interactions
between
tumor
cells
microenvironment
(TME)
components—including
immune
stromal
molecular
mediators
such
cytokines,
chemokines,
growth
factors—contribute
to
resistance
against
IR.
Understanding
these
intricate
relationships
reveals
improve
radiotherapy
outcomes.
Promising
include
DDR
pathways,
immunosuppressive
molecules,
hypoxia,
proangiogenic
mediators,
other
key
signaling
discusses
emerging
strategies,
combining
with
immunomodulators,
hypoxia
inhibitors,
DDR‐targeting
agents,
innovative
approaches.
By
offering
comprehensive
analysis
TME,
this
underscores
opportunities
effectiveness
targeted
radiosensitization
strategies.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(8), P. 629 - 648
Published: Oct. 14, 2022
Abstract:
Cancer
therapy
through
anticancer
drugs
and
radiotherapy
is
associated
with
several
side
effects
as
well
tumor
resistance
to
therapy.
The
genotoxic
of
chemotherapy
may
lead
genomic
instability
increased
risk
second
cancers.
Furthermore,
some
responses
in
the
induce
exhaustion
antitumor
immunity
increase
cancer
cells
Administration
low-toxicity
adjuvants
protect
normal
tissues
improve
efficacy
an
intriguing
strategy.
Several
studies
have
focused
on
natural-derived
agents
for
improving
efficiency
radiotherapy,
chemotherapy,
novel
such
immunotherapy
targeted
Resveratrol
a
naturally
occurring
substance
antioxidant,
cardioprotective,
anti-diabetes,
properties.
has
been
demonstrated
modulate
mitigate
tissue
toxicity
following
exposure
various
ionizing
radiation.
Compelling
data
suggest
that
resveratrol
be
appealing
adjuvant
combination
modalities.
Although
natural
form
limitations,
low
absorption
intestine
bioavailability,
experiments
using
certain
carriers,
nanoparticles,
can
therapeutic
preclinical
studies.
This
review
highlights
useful
Consequently,
we
describe
how
from
instability.
In
addition,
mechanisms
by
which
exerts
its
are
addressed.
Moreover,
outcomes
other
reviewed.
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
50(1), P. 3 - 18
Published: Sept. 16, 2022
The
incidence
of
cancer
has
been
growing
worldwide.
Better
survival
rates
following
the
administration
novel
drugs
and
new
combination
therapies
may
concomitantly
cause
concern
regarding
long-term
adverse
effects
therapy,
for
example,
second
primary
malignancies.
Moreover,
overcoming
tumour
resistance
to
anticancer
agents
long
considered
as
a
critical
challenge
in
research.
Some
low
toxic
adjuvants
such
herb-derived
molecules
be
interest
chemoprevention
malignancies
therapy.
Apigenin
is
plant-derived
molecule
with
attractive
properties
chemoprevention,
instance,
promising
anti-tumour
effects,
which
make
it
desirable
adjuvant
reduce
genomic
instability
risks
among
normal
tissues.
improve
efficiency
modalities.
This
paper
aims
review
various
apigenin
both
tissues
In
addition,
we
explain
how
have
ability
protect
usual
cells
against
genotoxic
repercussions
radiotherapy
chemotherapy.
Furthermore,
inhibitory
on
tumours
will
discussed.
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(14), P. 1461 - 1478
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Induction
of
cell
death
and
inhibition
proliferation
in
cancer
have
been
set
as
some
the
main
goals
anti-tumor
therapy.
Cancer
resistance
leads
to
less
efficient
therapy,
consequently,
higher
doses
anticancer
drugs,
which
may
eventually
increase
risk
serious
side
effects
normal
tissues.
Apigenin,
a
nature-derived
herbal
agent,
has
shown
properties
several
types
cancer,
can
induce
directly
and/or
amplify
induction
through
other
modalities.
Although
mechanism
apigenin
order
is
apoptosis,
pathways,
such
autophagic
death,
senescence,
anoikis,
necroptosis,
ferroptosis,
reported
be
induced
by
apigenin.
It
seems
that
enhances
apoptosis
inducing
immunity
tumor
suppressor
genes,
like
p53
PTEN,
also
inhibiting
STAT3
NF-κB
signaling
pathways.
Furthermore,
it
ferroptosis
endogenous
ROS
generation.
Stimulation
production
well
downregulation
drug-resistance
mediators,
mechanisms
necroptosis.
each
type
highly
dependent
on
cancer.
These
modulatory
actions
enhance
agents,
ionizing
radiation
chemotherapy
drugs.
This
review
explains
how
at
cellular
molecular
levels.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(1), P. 232 - 232
Published: Dec. 23, 2023
The
polyphenols
Curcumin
(CUR)
and
Resveratrol
(RES)
are
widely
described
for
their
antitumoral
effects.
However,
low
bioavailability
is
a
drawback
use
in
therapy.
aim
of
this
study
was
to
explore
whether
CUR
RES,
used
at
bioavailable
concentration,
could
modulate
immune
responses
while
retaining
antitumor
activity
determine
RES
effects
on
the
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
cells
(PBMCs)
tumor
growth
inhibition
be
improved
by
combination.
We
demonstrate
that
low-dose
combination
reduced
survival
cancer
cell
lines
but
had
no
effect
viability
PBMCs.
Although
following
+
treatment
T
lymphocytes
showed
an
enhanced
activated
state,
counteracted
increased
IFN-γ
expression
induced
polyphenol
IL-10
production
regulatory
cells.
On
other
hand,
combined
NK
through
up-
downregulation
activating
inhibitory
receptors
CD68
levels
monocytes/macrophages.
Overall,
our
results
indicate
doses
differentially
shapes
activity,
support
combinations
anticancer
therapy
suggest
its
possible
application
as
adjuvant
cell-based
immunotherapies.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Aug. 25, 2022
Cancer
is
a
major
public
health
problem
that
threatens
human
life
worldwide.
In
recent
years,
immunotherapy
has
made
great
progress
in
both
clinical
and
laboratory
research.
But
the
high
heterogeneity
dynamics
of
tumors
makes
not
suitable
for
all
cancers.
Dietary
polyphenols
have
attracted
researchers'
attention
due
to
their
ability
induce
cancer
cell
pyroptosis
regulate
tumor
immune
microenvironment
(TIME).
This
review
expounds
regulation
dietary
new
forms
on
TIME.
These
include
curcumin
(CUR),
resveratrol
(RES),
epigallocatechin
gallate
(EGCG),
apigenin,
triptolide
(TPL),
kaempferol,
genistein
moscatilin.
New
refer
synthetic
analogs
nano-delivery,
liposomes.
Studies
past
decade
are
included.
The
result
shows
breast
cells,
liver
oral
squamous
carcinoma
other
cells
through
different
pathways.
Moreover,
exhibit
potential
TIME
by
modulating
programmed
death
protein
1(PD-1)/programmed
death-ligand
1
(PD-L1)
axis,
enhancing
antitumor
weakening
function
activity
immunosuppressive
targeting
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
reduce
infiltration
promote
polarization
toward
M1
type.
also
used
with
radiotherapy
chemotherapy
improve
immunity
shape
beneficial
conclusion,
TIME,
providing
ideas
safer
cures.
Current Drug Targets,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(16), P. 1505 - 1525
Published: Sept. 9, 2022
Fibrosis
and
pneumonitis
are
the
most
important
side
effects
of
lung
tissue
following
cancer
therapy.
Radiotherapy
chemotherapy
by
some
drugs,
such
as
bleomycin,
can
induce
fibrosis.
Targeted
therapy
immunotherapy
also
may
fibrosis
to
a
lesser
extent
compared
radiotherapy.
Activation
lymphocytes
or
infiltration
inflammatory
cells
macrophages,
lymphocytes,
neutrophils,
mast
chemo/radiation
pneumonitis.
Furthermore,
polarization
macrophages
toward
M2
release
anti-inflammatory
cytokines
stimulate
Lung
be
potentiated
other
changes
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT),
oxidative
stress,
reduction/oxidation
(redox)
responses,
renin-angiotensin
system,
upregulation
mediators
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-κB),
inflammasome,
cyclooxygenase-2
(COX-2),
inducible
nitric
oxide
synthase
(iNOS).
Damages
vascular
system
induction
hypoxia
pulmonary
injury
This
review
explains
various
mechanisms
targets
promising
agents
mitigate
will
discussed.
BioFactors,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
49(4), P. 718 - 735
Published: March 6, 2023
Abstract
Drug
resistance
is
a
hot
topic
issue
in
cancer
research
and
therapy.
Although
therapy
including
radiotherapy
anti‐cancer
drugs
can
kill
malignant
cells
within
the
tumor,
develop
wide
range
of
mechanisms
to
resist
toxic
effects
agents.
Cancer
may
provide
some
oxidative
stress
escape
from
apoptosis
attack
by
immune
system.
Furthermore,
senescence,
pyroptosis,
ferroptosis,
necroptosis,
autophagic
cell
death
modulating
several
critical
genes.
The
development
these
leads
also
radiotherapy.
Resistance
increase
mortality
reduce
survival
following
Thus,
overcoming
facilitate
tumor
elimination
efficiency
Natural‐derived
molecules
are
intriguing
agents
that
be
suggested
used
as
an
adjuvant
combination
with
other
anticancer
or
sensitize
at
least
side
effects.
This
paper
aims
review
potential
triptolide
for
inducing
various
types
cells.
We
induction
different
such
apoptosis,
death,
necrosis
administration
triptolide.
safety
future
perspectives
its
derivatives
experimental
human
studies.
make
them
effective
adjuvants
enhancing
suppression