European Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 6, 2024
Abstract
N‐Heterocyclic
carbenes
(NHCs)
generated
from
imidazolium,
imidazopyridinium
and
imidazoquinolinium
hydrochlorides
in
situ
using
base
microwave
irradiation
were
employed
as
organocatalysts
to
yield
homoenolates
cinnamaldehyde
its
aryl‐substituted
analogs.
Depending
on
the
catalytic
either
γ‐lactones
prepared
when
strong
tBuOK
was
used
or
corresponding
saturated
ethyl
3‐aryl
propionates
synthesized
with
milder
DIPEA
base.
Novel
compared
commercially
available
NHCs
IMes
IDip
for
their
activity.
The
optimum
reaction
conditions
established
broad
scope
of
both
reactions
investigated
4
most
efficient
NHCs.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(27), P. 10659 - 10667
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The
direct
activation
of
α-halo
carboxylic
acids
using
visible-light-mediated
photoredox
catalysis
facilitates
the
formation
bifunctional
radical
intermediates,
allowing
reactivity
toward
olefins
to
be
fine-tuned
by
varying
solvent
system.
SynOpen,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
09(01), P. 105 - 130
Published: March 1, 2025
Abstract
Sodium
l-ascorbate
is
an
inexpensive
and
non-hazardous
organic
salt
derived
from
ascorbic
acid
that
widely
applied
as
a
reducing
agent
in
diverse
industrial
processes
occurs
naturally
some
plants
animals.
In
synthesis
it
can
participate
variety
of
reactions,
playing
different
roles
secondary
or
main
reactant
to
promote
wide
range
chemical
transformations,
being
most
commonly
used
along
with
metallic
catalysts.
This
graphical
review
highlights
the
numerous
applications
sodium
ascorbate
reactions.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
A
graphitic
carbon
nitride/lead-free
double
perovskite
heterojunction
(g-C3N4/Cs2AgBiCl6)
has
been
adopted
as
a
heterogeneous
photocatalyst
under
visible
light
irradiation.
The
employed
material
enabled
the
atom
transfer
radical
addition-type
carbohalogenation
of
multiple
C-C
bonds,
including
(internal)
alkenes
and
alkynes,
with
alkyl
halides.
protocol
showed
remarkable
functional
group
tolerance,
compatible
late-stage
functionalization
natural
pharmaceutical
derivatives,
could
be
easily
scaled
up,
delivering
>1
g
desired
products.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 2, 2025
N-substituted
phenothiazines
are
prominent
and
highly
effective
organic
photoredox
catalysts,
particularly
known
for
their
strong
reducing
capabilities.
Despite
wide
utility,
the
closely
related
phenothiazine
sulfoxides,
which
easily
form
upon
oxidation,
have
been
largely
overlooked
not
explored
in
context
of
photocatalysis.
Herein,
we
describe
discovery
application
N-phenylphenothiazine
sulfoxide
as
a
photocatalyst
reductive
activation
cyclic
malonyl
peroxides,
giving
access
to
complex
γ-lactones
starting
from
simple
olefins.
Detailed
mechanistic
studies
were
carried
out
better
understand
situ
formation
active
catalyst
species
commercial
precursor,
well
interconversion
photocatalytic
mechanism
γ-lactone
products.
Specifically,
employed
broad
range
tools,
including
time-resolved
spectroscopy,
spectroelectrochemistry,
transient
UV-vis
absorption
voltammetry,
isotopic
labeling,
radical
trapping
experiments,
NMR
density
functional
theory
(DFT)
calculations.
The
synthetic
utility
this
protocol
is
demonstrated
substrate
scope
study,
highlighting
facile
spirocyclic
γ-lactones,
widely
recognized
biological
importance.
ChemCatChem,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 20, 2024
Abstract
The
Michael‐type
addition
of
indoles
represents
one
the
most
important
C−C
bonds
forming
reactions
at
their
C‐3
position.
Herein,
we
present
a
mild,
versatile
and
sustainable
protocol
for
efficient
preparation
β
‐indolylketones
via
Michael
between
chalcones
or
α
,
‐unsaturated
ketones
in
presence
substituted
arylazo
sulfones
as
photoacid
generators
(PAGs).
European Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(21)
Published: April 5, 2024
Abstract
A
photocatalyzed
oxidation
of
functionalized
cyclobutanones
to
access
γ‐lactones
has
been
performed
in
acetonitrile
at
room
temperature,
using
anthraquinone
derivatives
as
catalysts
the
presence
TFA.
The
best
reaction
results
were
obtained
by
3
mol
%
9,10‐anthraquinone
a
catalyst
under
370
nm
irradiation
an
O
2
environment.
scope
and
limitations
this
have
investigated
both
2‐
3‐substituted
cyclobutanones,
well
enantiopure
ketones,
obtain
full
preservation
their
stereochemical
identity
after
oxidation.
process
furnishes
most
cases
desired
compounds
with
high
purity
removal
simple
filtration,
reducing
production
solvents
waste.
European Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(20)
Published: March 25, 2024
Abstract
Four
melanin
polymers
prepared
from
different
precursors
(5,6‐dihydroxyindole,
5,6‐dihydroxyindole
2‐carboxylic
acid,
1,8‐dihydroxynaphthalene
and
dopamine)
have
been
adopted
as
photocatalysts
in
the
reductive
dehalogenation
of
a
series
model
α‐halogen
carbonyl
derivatives.
The
best
performing
was
that
obtained
which
allowed
to
dehalogenate
efficiently
both
bromomalonate
esters
phenacyl
bromide;
on
other
hand,
chloromalonate
were
almost
unreactive
under
same
reaction
conditions.
Electrochemical
control
experiments
enabled
elucidate
mechanism,
demonstrating
key
role
electrons
charge
carriers
observed
photocatalytic
process.
