Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
29(5), P. 923 - 934
Published: April 17, 2018
Neuropeptides
are
essential
cell-to-cell
signaling
messengers
and
serve
important
regulatory
roles
in
animals.
Although
remarkable
progress
has
been
made
peptide
identification
across
the
Metazoa,
for
some
phyla
such
as
Echinodermata,
limited
neuropeptides
known
even
fewer
have
verified
on
protein
level.
We
employed
peptidomic
approaches
using
bioinformatics
mass
spectrometry
(MS)
to
experimentally
confirm
23
prohormones
characterize
a
new
prohormone
nervous
system
tissue
from
Strongylocentrotus
purpuratus,
purple
sea
urchin.
Ninety-three
distinct
peptides
novel
were
detected
with
MS
extracts
of
radial
nerves,
many
which
reported
or
confirmed
here
first
time,
representing
large-scale
study
phylum
Echinodermata.
Many
identified
their
precursor
proteins
low
homology
other
species/phyla
unique
By
pairing
MS,
capacity
annotate
genes
is
enhanced.
Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Oct. 22, 2020
Neuropeptides
are
endogenous
active
substances
that
present
in
nervous
tissues
and
participate
behavioral
physiological
processes
of
the
animal
system.
Locomotor
behavior
is
basic
to
predation,
escape,
reproduction
animals,
neuropeptides
play
an
important
role
locomotion.
In
this
study,
function
pedal
peptide-type
neuropeptide
(PDP)
process
locomotor
sea
cucumber
Apostichopus
japonicus
was
evaluated.
The
A.
recorded
by
infrared
camera
before
after
PDP
administration,
muscle
physiology
studied
ultra
performance
liquid
chromatography
quadrupole
time-off-light
mass
spectrometry
(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)
clarify
potential
mechanisms.
results
showed
enhanced
cumulative
duration
moving
significantly
at
7th
h
injection,
reduced
mean
maximum
velocity
16.90
14.22%
japonicus.
data
metabolomics
suggested
some
changed
metabolites
were
related
cucumbers.
decreases
phosphatidylethanolamine
(PE)
phosphatidylcholine
(PC)
might
result
increases
lysophosphatidylcholines
(lysoPC)
lysophosphatidylethanolamine
(lysoPE),
change
fluidity
permeability
cell
membrane,
which
would
affect
cells,
finally
alter
behavior.
addition,
increased
level
arachidonic
acid
(ARA)
activate
K+
ion
channels
then
signaling
or
promote
sensitivity
cells
Ca2+
contractility
longitudinal
muscles
ARA
also
involved
linoleic
metabolism
only
pathway
disturbed
administration.
conclusion,
participated
regulation
cucumber,
decreased
PE
PC,
lysoPC,
lysoPE
be
mechanisms
responsible
for
effects
Integrative and Comparative Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
61(2), P. 337 - 351
Published: May 26, 2021
Synopsis
Free-swimming
planktonic
larvae
are
a
key
stage
in
the
development
of
many
marine
phyla,
and
studies
these
organisms
have
contributed
to
our
understanding
major
genetic
evolutionary
processes.
Although
transitory,
often
attain
remarkable
degree
tissue
complexity,
with
well-defined
musculature
nervous
systems.
Among
best
studied
belonging
phylum
Echinodermata,
but
work
largely
focused
on
pluteus
sea
urchins
(class
Echinoidea).
The
greatest
diversity
larval
strategies
among
echinoderms
is
found
class
Asteroidea
(sea
stars),
that
rapidly
emerging
as
experimental
systems
for
developmental
studies.
However,
bipinnaria
stars
only
been
detail
small
number
species
although
they
relatively
well
described
neuro-anatomically,
poorly
understood
neurochemically.
Here,
we
analyzed
embryonic
anatomy
common
North
Atlantic
star
Asterias
rubens,
using
variety
staining
methods
combination
confocal
microscopy.
Importantly,
chemical
complexity
system
was
revealed
through
use
diverse
set
antibodies,
identification
at
least
three
centers
differing
neurochemical
signature
within
previously
system:
anterior
apical
organ,
oral
region,
ciliary
bands.
Furthermore,
sites
cell
division
analyzed.
Comparisons
progression
molecular
across
Echinodermata
provided
basis
hypotheses
shared
processes
shaped
this
group
animals.
We
conclude
appear
be
remarkably
conserved
∼200
million
years
time
may
represent
strong
and/or
constraint
utilizing
strategy.
Neuroendocrinology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
113(2), P. 231 - 250
Published: May 7, 2021
Background:
Corticotropin-releasing
hormone
(CRH)
mediates
physiological
responses
to
stressors
in
mammals
by
triggering
pituitary
secretion
of
adrenocorticotropic
hormone,
which
stimulates
adrenal
release
cortisol.
CRH
belongs
a
family
related
neuropeptides
that
include
sauvagine,
urotensin-I,
and
urocortins
vertebrates
the
diuretic
DH44
insects,
indicating
evolutionary
origin
this
neuropeptide
can
be
traced
common
ancestor
Bilateria.
However,
little
is
known
about
CRH-type
deuterostome
invertebrates.
Methods:
Here,
we
used
mass
spectrometry,
mRNA
situ
hybridization,
immunohistochemistry
investigate
structure
expression
(ArCRH)
starfish
Asterias
rubens
(phylum
Echinodermata).
Results:
ArCRH
40-residue
peptide
with
N-terminal
pyroglutamylation
C-terminal
amidation,
it
has
widespread
pattern
A.
rubens.
In
central
nervous
system
comprising
circumoral
nerve
ring
5
radial
cords,
ArCRH-expressing
cells
fibres
were
revealed
both
ectoneural
region
hyponeural
region,
contains
cell
bodies
motoneurons.
Accordingly,
immunoreactivity
was
detected
innervation
ampulla
podium
locomotory
organs
(tube
feet),
first
identified
as
marker
for
located
muscle
layer
these
organs.
also
protractile
mediate
gas
exchange
(papulae),
apical
muscle,
digestive
system.
Conclusions:
Our
findings
provide
insights
into
function
unique
context
pentaradially
symmetrical
body
plan
an
echinoderm.
The Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 33
Published: June 7, 2021
The
mutable
collagenous
tissue
(MCT)
of
echinoderms
(starfish,
sea-urchins
and
their
close
relations)
has
the
capacity
to
drastically
alter
its
mechanical
properties
within
a
timescale
seconds
under
control
nervous
system.
MCT
is
central
importance
biology
echinoderms:
postural
fixation
body
or
appendages
depends
on
passive
stiffening,
all
autotomy
(defensive
self-detachment)
mechanisms
involve
irreversible
destabilisation.
This
chapter
reviews
research
biomedical
applications
MCT.
It
focuses
recent
advances
in
knowledge
organisation,
biomechanics,
molecular
tensile
change
neural
demonstrates
that
attracted
interest
as
source
constituents
for
construction
novel
materials
with
potential
inspiration
design
entirely
artificial
adaptable
controllable
properties.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
29(5), P. 923 - 934
Published: April 17, 2018
Neuropeptides
are
essential
cell-to-cell
signaling
messengers
and
serve
important
regulatory
roles
in
animals.
Although
remarkable
progress
has
been
made
peptide
identification
across
the
Metazoa,
for
some
phyla
such
as
Echinodermata,
limited
neuropeptides
known
even
fewer
have
verified
on
protein
level.
We
employed
peptidomic
approaches
using
bioinformatics
mass
spectrometry
(MS)
to
experimentally
confirm
23
prohormones
characterize
a
new
prohormone
nervous
system
tissue
from
Strongylocentrotus
purpuratus,
purple
sea
urchin.
Ninety-three
distinct
peptides
novel
were
detected
with
MS
extracts
of
radial
nerves,
many
which
reported
or
confirmed
here
first
time,
representing
large-scale
study
phylum
Echinodermata.
Many
identified
their
precursor
proteins
low
homology
other
species/phyla
unique
By
pairing
MS,
capacity
annotate
genes
is
enhanced.
