Enzymes’ Power for Plastics Degradation

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(9), P. 5612 - 5701

Published: March 14, 2023

Plastics are everywhere in our modern way of living, and their production keeps increasing every year, causing major environmental concerns. Nowadays, the end-of-life management involves accumulation landfills, incineration, recycling to a lower extent. This ecological threat environment is inspiring alternative bio-based solutions for plastic waste treatment toward circular economy. Over past decade, considerable efforts have been made degrade commodity plastics using biocatalytic approaches. Here, we provide comprehensive review on recent advances enzyme-based biocatalysis design related processes recycle or upcycle plastics, including polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyolefins. We also discuss scope limitations, challenges, opportunities this field research. An important message from that polymer-assimilating enzymes very likely part solution reaching

Language: Английский

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Hydrogenolysis of Polypropylene and Mixed Polyolefin Plastic Waste over Ru/C to Produce Liquid Alkanes

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(35), P. 11661 - 11666

Published: July 27, 2021

Catalytic depolymerization of polyolefins is a promising chemical recycling strategy to create value-added products from waste plastics, which are accumulating in landfills and the natural environment at unsustainable rates. The cleavage strong C–C bonds can be performed using noble metal hydrogen via hydrogenolysis mechanism. Previously, we identified ruthenium nanoparticles supported on carbon (Ru/C) as highly active heterogeneous catalyst for conversion polyethylene into liquid gaseous n-alkanes under mild conditions. In present study, investigated catalytic polypropylene (PP) conditions (200–250 °C, 20–50 bar H2). We demonstrate that Ru/C produces C5–C32 iso-alkane yields above 68% absence solvent identify trade-offs between product yield temperature, pressure, reaction time. apply rigorous analytical method quantify all alkane products. characterized was found recyclable after complete high molecular weight PP (Mw ∼ 340,000 Da) hydrocarbons postconsumer centrifuge tube. Further, shown effective depolymerizing mixture high-density produce linear branched alkanes, demonstrating feasibility streams mixed polyolefin waste.

Language: Английский

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Electrocatalytic Valorization of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Plastic and CO₂ for Simultaneous Production of Formic Acid

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 6722 - 6728

Published: May 23, 2022

The electro-reforming of polymer plastic waste and CO2 has the merits for producing value-added chemicals alleviating environmental pollution. Herein, we report an electrocatalytic integrating strategy efficient valorization poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) to simultaneously produce formic acid at both anode cathode. NiCo2O4 electrocatalyst displays a high Faradaic efficiency 90% production, which indicates excellent selectivity PET hydrolysate oxidation. By coupling oxidation reaction with reduction reaction, assembled electrolyzer exhibits low cell voltage 1.55 V drive integrated two half-reactions. Furthermore, 155% can be achieved 1.90 V. This study suggests that could energy-efficient economically viable realize production chemicals.

Language: Английский

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Photocatalytic Conversion of Plastic Waste: From Photodegradation to Photosynthesis

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(22)

Published: April 21, 2022

Abstract Plastic waste remains a global challenge due to the massive amounts being produced without satisfactory treatment technologies for recycling and upcycling. Photocatalytic processes are emerging as green promising approaches upcycle plastics into value‐added products under mild conditions using sunlight energy source. In this review, recent advances in plastic conversion through photocatalysis have been comprehensively summarized. Special emphasis is placed on photocatalytic mechanism selective CC CH bond transformations of access fuels, chemicals, materials. Finally, challenges perspectives establishing new paradigm toward sustainable circular economy also put forward.

Language: Английский

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Closed-loop chemical recycling of thermosetting polymers and their applications: a review

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(15), P. 5691 - 5708

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This review provides an overview of the closed-loop recycling thermosets via hydrolysis and dynamic exchange reactions.

Language: Английский

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Chemical recycling technologies for PVC waste and PVC-containing plastic waste: A review

Waste Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 245 - 258

Published: May 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Plastic Waste Valorization by Leveraging Multidisciplinary Catalytic Technologies

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 9307 - 9324

Published: July 18, 2022

Plastic waste triggers a series of concerns because its disruptive impact on the environment and ecosystem. From point view catalysis, however, end-of-life plastics can be seen as an untapped feedstock for preparation value-added products. Thus, development diversified catalytic approaches valorization is urgent. Previous reviews this field have systematically summarized progress made plastic reclamation. In review, we emphasize design processes by leveraging state-of-the-art technologies from other developed fields to derive valuable polymers, functional materials, chemicals plastics. The principles, mechanisms, opportunities chemical (thermo-, electro-, photocatalytic) well biocatalytic ones are discussed, which may provide more insights future processes. Finally, outlooks perspectives accelerate toward feasible economy discussed.

Language: Английский

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Removal of microplastics and nanoplastics from urban waters: Separation and degradation

Water Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 221, P. 118820 - 118820

Published: July 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Plastic wastes derived carbon materials for green energy and sustainable environmental applications

Environmental Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 34 - 48

Published: March 1, 2022

Plastic waste has become a serious environmental issue and attracted increasing attention. Various treatment technologies have been developed for the remediation of this waste, including degradation, recycling upcycling, transformation to value-added products extensively studied. Transitioning plastic into carbon-based functional materials is especially attractive because practical applications wastes derived carbon (PWCMs) in field green energy sustainable practices. Herein, recent advances preparation PWCMs are systematically reviewed. Thermal methods synthesizing from summarized, anoxic pyrolysis, catalytic pressure carbonization techniques, flash Joule heating microwave conversion. The PWCMs-based composites storage production (such as batteries, supercapacitors water-splitting systems) concepts (pollutant adsorption/degradation, solar evaporation CO2 capture) detailed, with an emphasis on property-performance correlation. potential future development also examined. This review meant provide insights advanced stimulate upcycling waste.

Language: Английский

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“Functional upcycling” of polymer waste towards the design of new materials

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(14), P. 4755 - 4832

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Diversification of polymer waste recycling is one the solutions to improve current environmental scenario. Upcycling a promising strategy for converting into molecular intermediates and high-value products. Although catalytic transformations small molecules have been actively discussed, methods characteristics upcycling new materials not yet addressed. Recently, functionalisation wastes (polyethylene terephthalate bottles, polypropylene surgical masks, rubber tires, etc.) their conversion with enhanced functionality proposed as an appealing alternative dealing recycling/treatment. In this review, term 'functional upcycling' introduced designate any method post-polymerisation modification or surface without considerable chain destruction produce upcycled material added value. This review explores functional detailed consideration most common polymers, i.e., polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, rubber. We discuss composition plastic waste, reactivity, available physical/chemical agents modification, interconnection between properties application. To date, successfully applied adsorbents (including CO2), catalysts, electrode energy storage sensing, demonstrating high Importantly, reviewed reports indicated that specific performance generally comparable higher than similar prepared from virgin feedstock. All these advantages promote diversification approach against postprocessing employed waste. Finally, identify limitations suggest future scope research each polymer, we comparatively analysed aspects those chemical mechanical recycling, considering resource costs, toxicity used chemicals, footprint, value product.

Language: Английский

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