Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: March 26, 2024
The
discovery
and
use
of
exosomes
ushered
in
a
new
era
cell-free
therapy.
Exosomes
are
subgroup
extracellular
vesicles
that
show
great
potential
disease
treatment.
Engineered
exosomes.
with
their
improved
functions
have
attracted
intense
interests
application
translational
medicine
research.
However,
the
technology
engineering
still
faces
many
challenges
which
been
limitation
for
clinical
application.
This
review
summarizes
current
status
research
on
engineered
difficulties
encountered
recent
years,
view
to
providing
approaches
ideas
future
exosome
modification
drug
development.
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(6), P. 770 - 770
Published: March 7, 2024
The
evidence
suggests
that
diet
can
modulate
endogenous
microRNA
(miRNA)
expression.
Changes
in
miRNA
expression
may
affect
metabolic
processes
and
consequently
be
involved
health
status
disease
development.
aim
of
this
systematic
review
was
to
summarize
the
role
specific
food
components
regulation
discuss
its
implications
for
human
PubMed,
Embase
Web
Science
databases
were
searched
accordance
with
PRISMA
(Preferred
Reporting
Items
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-Analyses)
guidelines
relevant
studies.
A
total
32
interventional
5
observational
studies
performed
adults
evaluating
dietary
modulation
included.
Energy-
fat-controlled
diets
along
plant-based
foods
show
substantial
modulating
levels.
Plasma,
serum
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
cells
(PBMCs)
are
main
sources
used
measure
miRNAs.
108
miRNAs
modulated
by
identified.
We
confirmed
habits
closely
associated
Particularly,
energy
content
fat
intake
appeared
key
factors
influencing
Furthermore,
since
several
biological
processes,
modulatory
process
lead
disorders.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: April 15, 2024
Abstract
Transfer
RNA
(tRNA)-derived
small
RNAs
(tsRNAs)
are
a
new
type
of
non-coding
(ncRNAs)
produced
by
the
specific
cleavage
precursor
or
mature
tRNAs.
tsRNAs
involved
in
various
basic
biological
processes
such
as
epigenetic,
transcriptional,
post-transcriptional,
and
translation
regulation,
thereby
affecting
occurrence
development
human
diseases,
including
cancers.
Recent
studies
have
shown
that
play
an
important
role
tumorigenesis
regulating
behaviors
malignant
proliferation,
invasion
metastasis,
angiogenesis,
immune
response,
tumor
resistance,
metabolism
reprogramming.
These
may
be
potential
targets
for
treatment.
Furthermore,
can
exist
abundantly
stably
bodily
fluids
(e.g.,
blood,
serum,
urine)
form
free
encapsulated
extracellular
vesicles,
intercellular
communication
microenvironment
(TME).
Meanwhile,
their
abnormal
expression
is
closely
related
to
clinicopathological
features
patients,
staging,
lymph
node
poor
prognosis
patients;
thus,
served
novel
liquid
biopsy
biomarker.
This
review
summarizes
discovery,
production,
analyzes
molecular
mechanisms
applications
therapy,
which
provide
strategies
early
diagnosis
targeted
therapy
tumors.
Biology of the Cell,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
117(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Ferroptosis
is
a
type
of
cell
death
that
multiple
mechanisms
and
pathways
contribute
to
the
positive
negative
regulation
it.
For
example,
increased
levels
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
induce
ferroptosis.
ferroptosis
unlike
apoptosis,
it
not
dependent
on
caspases,
but
iron.
Exosomes
are
membrane-bound
vesicles
with
size
about
30
150
nm,
contain
various
cellular
components,
including
DNA,
RNA,
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
lipids,
proteins,
which
genetically
similar
their
cells
origin.
found
in
all
bodily
fluids,
blood,
saliva,
urine.
Cells
often
release
exosomes
after
fusion
membrane.
They
play
an
important
role
immune
cell-cell
communication.
miRNAs,
noncoding
RNAs
length
18
24
nucleotides,
involved
regulating
gene
expression
transcription.
Emerging
data
suggests
exosomal
miRNAs
implicated
pathophysiological
cells,
metastasis,
drug
resistance,
death.
In
addition,
functional
studies
have
indicated
can
key
modulation
by
Therefore,
this
review,
given
importance
ferroptosis,
we
decided
elucidate
relationship
between
diseases.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Jan. 4, 2022
Cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs)
are
the
most
important
component
of
stromal
cell
population
in
tumor
microenvironment
and
play
an
irreplaceable
role
oncogenesis
cancer
progression.
Exosomes,
a
class
small
extracellular
vesicles,
can
transfer
biological
information
(e.g.,
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
metabolites
as
messengers)
from
secreting
cells
to
target
recipient
cells,
thereby
affecting
progression
human
diseases,
including
cancers.
Recent
studies
revealed
that
CAF-derived
exosomes
crucial
part
tumorigenesis,
proliferation,
metastasis,
drug
resistance,
immune
response.
Moreover,
aberrant
expression
exosomal
noncoding
RNAs
proteins
strongly
correlates
with
clinical
pathological
characterizations
patients.
Gaining
deeper
insight
into
participation
tumorigenesis
may
lead
novel
diagnostic
biomarkers
therapeutic
targets
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 1342 - 1372
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
is
a
chronic
systemic
disease
with
increasing
prevalence
globally.An
important
aspect
of
diabetic
pathogenesis
cellular
crosstalk
and
information
exchange
between
multiple
metabolic
organs
tissues.In
the
past
decade,
evidence
suggested
that
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
class
cell-derived
membrane
transmit
perform
inter-cellular
inter-organ
communication,
are
involved
in
pathological
changes
insulin
resistance
(IR),
inflammation,
endothelial
injury,
implicated
development
DM
its
complications.The
biogenesis
cargo
sorting
machinery
dysregulation
EVs
may
mediate
their
pathogenic
roles
under
conditions.Moreover,
EVs,
ubiquitous
production
by
different
cells,
function
as
mediators
biological
features
body
fluids
have
generated
great
promise
biomarkers
clinical
treatments.In
this
review,
we
summarize
components
EV
generation
highlight
role
associated
complications.Furthermore,
discuss
emerging
implications
potential
therapeutic
strategies
for
complications.A
better
understanding
will
deepen
our
knowledge
pathophysiology
complications
offer
attractive
approaches
to
improve
prevention,
diagnosis,
treatment,
prognosis
these
disorders.
Biomarker Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Nov. 19, 2023
Abstract
Tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
one
of
the
most
abundant
immune
cell
types
in
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
account
for
approximately
50%
local
hematopoietic
cells.
TAMs
play
an
important
role
tumorigenesis
and
development
through
crosstalk
between
various
cells
cytokines
TME.
Exosomes
are
small
extracellular
vesicles
with
a
diameter
50–150
nm,
that
can
transfer
biological
information
(e.g.,
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
lipids)
from
secretory
to
recipient
circulatory
system,
thereby
influencing
progression
human
diseases,
including
cancer.
Recent
studies
have
suggested
TAMs-derived
exosomes
crucial
roles
malignant
proliferation,
invasion,
metastasis,
angiogenesis,
responses,
drug
resistance,
metabolic
reprogramming.
potential
be
targeted
therapy.
In
addition,
abnormal
expression
non-coding
RNAs
proteins
is
closely
related
clinicopathological
features
patients
cancer,
these
expected
become
new
liquid
biopsy
markers
early
diagnosis,
prognosis,
monitoring
tumors.
this
review,
we
explored
provide
diagnostic
biomarkers
therapeutic
targets
cancer
prevention.
Journal of Biomedical Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
31(1)
Published: May 10, 2024
Abstract
Retinal
degenerative
diseases,
including
diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
and
age-related
macular
degeneration
(AMD),
loom
as
threats
to
vision,
causing
detrimental
effects
on
the
structure
function
of
retina.
Central
understanding
these
is
compromised
state
blood-retinal
barrier
(BRB),
an
effective
that
regulates
influx
immune
inflammatory
components.
Whether
BRB
breakdown
initiates
retinal
distress,
or
a
consequence
disease
progression,
remains
enigmatic.
Nevertheless,
it
indication
dysfunction
potential
vision
loss.
The
intricate
intercellular
dialogues
among
cell
populations
remain
unintelligible
in
complex
milieu,
under
conditions
inflammation
oxidative
stress.
retina,
specialized
neural
tissue,
sustains
ceaseless
demand
for
oxygen
nutrients
from
two
vascular
networks.
orchestrates
exchange
molecules
fluids
within
this
region,
comprising
inner
(iBRB)
outer
(oBRB).
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
small
membranous
structures,
act
messengers
facilitating
communication
milieu.
EVs,
both
peripheral
cells,
increase
complexity
DR
AMD.
Laden
with
bioactive
cargoes,
EVs
can
modulate
microenvironment,
influencing
progression.
Our
review
delves
into
multifaceted
role
elucidating
molecular
crosstalk
they
orchestrate,
their
microRNA
(miRNA)
content.
By
shedding
light
nanoscale
messengers,
biogenesis,
release,
interaction
uptake
by
target
we
aim
deepen
comprehension
explore
therapeutic
potential,
therefore
increasing
our
AMD
pathophysiology.
Toxicology Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14, P. 101895 - 101895
Published: Jan. 18, 2025
Glucagon
(GCG)
like
peptide
1
(GLP-1)
has
emerged
as
a
powerful
player
in
regulating
metabolism
and
promising
therapeutic
target
for
various
chronic
diseases.
This
review
delves
into
the
physiological
roles
of
GLP-1,
exploring
its
impact
on
glucose
homeostasis,
insulin
secretion,
satiety.
We
examine
compelling
evidence
supporting
GLP-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs)
managing
type
2
diabetes
(T2D),
obesity,
other
The
intricate
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
GLP-1RAs
are
explored,
including
their
interactions
with
pathways
extracellular
signal-regulated
kinase
1/2
(ERK1/2),
activated
protein
(AMPK),
cyclic
adenine
monophosphate
(cAMP),
mitogen-activated
(MAPK),
C
(PKC).
Expanding
our
understanding,
investigates
potential
role
cancers.
Also,
microribonucleic
acid
(RNA)
(miRNAs),
critical
regulators
gene
expression,
introduced
modulators
signaling.
delve
link
between
miRNAs
T2D
obesity
explore
specific
miRNA
examples
influencing
GLP-1R
function.
Finally,
explores
rationale
seeking
alternatives
to
highlights
natural
products
modulatory
effects.
