Urbanization Is Associated with Divergence in Pace-of-Life in Great Tits

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: May 29, 2017

As an extension of the classic life history theory, recently highlighted pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis predicts coevolution behavioural, physiological and life-history traits. For instance, bolder shyer individuals do not only differ in personality profiles, but also neuro-endocrinology breeding patterns. While theory that (i.e. proactive), more aggressive should colonize rapidly urbanized habitats than reactive), less individuals, it is predicted across generations, adaptive selection processes could favour are sensitive to novel environmental cues. Here we compared two traits (handling aggression, exploration score a environment), one trait related stress response (breath rate) four (lay date, clutch size, hatching success fledging success) rural urban study population Mediterranean great tits Parus major. Mixed models revealed strong phenotypic divergence between forest city most explored, particular personality, whereby were reactive faster explorers birds (yet aggressive). Urban laid smaller broods earlier spring their conspecifics, resulted lower yet interestingly was similar. Nest-box centered measures anthropogenic (artificial light, pedestrians cars) perturbation resource abundance allowed us go beyond classical forest/city comparison by exploring variation urbanization gradient. This high urbanisation nest-box surroundings associated overall with clutches, breath rate, although these trends showed annual variation. Ongoing rapid non-random gene flow both contribute prevalence bold breeders city. Our suggests existence tit ecotypes different pace-of-life, finer-scale along degree within Future studies required determine whether this at spatiotemporal scales has genetic basis or results from plasticity.

Language: Английский

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Urban wildlife in times of COVID-19: What can we infer from novel carnivore records in urban areas?

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 765, P. 142713 - 142713

Published: Oct. 4, 2020

Language: Английский

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Effects of Urbanization on Native Bird Species in Three Southwestern US Cities

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: March 22, 2019

Urbanization presents novel challenges to native species by altering both the biotic and abiotic environments. The rapid pace of declines in diversity ecosystem services makes generalizations imperative. Studies have attempted make about how with similar traits respond urbanization, although results such studies are geographically idiosyncratic. Here, we present a comparative study three US cities: Fresno, California; Tucson, Arizona; Phoenix, Arizona an attempt examine consistency urbanization affects bird assemblages. Using presence-absence data define regional urban pools, tested for whether avian assemblage is random subset assemblages on basis phylogeny, or not causes homogenization among We found little evidence non-random trait shifts, only distributions diet guild, migratory status, main habitat showing any significant change, no phylogenetic patterns did however find some neutral processes species' occupancy habitats. Species pools higher median reporting frequency than all cities, this difference statistically one city. Cluster analyses show that levels more severe spring winter. presented here indicate while structure may be determined traits, which possess signal, simple occurrence area likely due processes. seasonality has our knowledge been previously reported. propose largely from cities result structural similarities matrix habitats, nature context needs considered future order resolve existing inconsistencies.

Language: Английский

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Big City Living: A Global Meta-Analysis Reveals Positive Impact of Urbanization on Body Size in Lizards

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 27, 2020

Urban environments pose different selective pressures than natural ones, leading to changes in animal behavior, physiology, and morphology. Understanding how animals respond urbanization could inform the management of urban habitats. Non-avian reptiles have important roles ecosystems worldwide, yet their responses not been as comprehensively studied those mammals birds. However, unlike birds, most cannot easily move away from disturbances, making pressure adapt especially strong. In recent years, there has a surge research on lizards urbanization, no formal synthesis determined what makes an lizard, other words, which phenotypic traits are likely change with direction? Here, we present qualitative literature quantitative phylogenetic meta-analysis comparing between non-urban lizard populations. The robust finding our analysis is that larger counterparts. This result remained consistent sexes taxonomic groups. Hence, pass through filter access better resources, more time for foraging, and/or selection attaining body size. Other results included increase diameters perches used longer limb digit lengths, although this may be increased were bolder, active or exploratory, did differ immune Overall, studies biased few geographic regions taxa. More 70% all data came three species anoles family Dactyloidae , it difficult generalize patterns clades. Thus, needed across multiple taxa habitats produce meaningful predictions help conservation ecological communities.

Language: Английский

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Urban biotic homogenization: Approaches and knowledge gaps

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(8)

Published: July 8, 2022

Urbanization is restructuring ecosystems at an unprecedented pace, with complex and profound consequences for life on Earth. One of the hypothesized trajectories urban species communities biotic homogenization, possibly leading to very similar assemblages in cities across globe. can, however, also have opposite effect: diversification, cities, least local scale, becoming biologically more diverse, mainly as a consequence high introduction rates habitat diversification. Applying hierarchy-of-hypotheses approach, we systematically map structure comprehensive body literature homogenization (UBH) hypothesis, comprising 225 individual studies (i.e., tests hypothesis) retrieved from 145 publications. The UBH hypothesis studied multiple levels multitude approaches underlying assumptions. We show that generally used two different connotations: about half investigated potential increase community similarity whereas other within latter being supported frequently. found strong research biases: (1) taxonomic bias towards birds plants, (2) small medium distances (<5000 km) comparisons (3) dominance substituting space time versus true temporal studies, (4) focus terrestrial aquatic systems, (5) extraurban (including periurban) areas than natural or rural comparison (6) functional, phylogenetic, (7) undertaken Europe North America continents. overall level empirical support was mixed, 55% reporting supporting evidence. Results significantly differed when natural/nature reserve, extraurban, rural/agricultural area served reference infer detected frequently systems were compared agricultural, i.e., anthropogenically influenced, study sites. provide evidence bibliographic network identify key references goal enhance accessibility orientation future this topic.

Language: Английский

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Feeding ecology of the common wood pigeon ( Columba palumbus ) in a major European city

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Urban configuration and food availability influence birds' foraging behaviour constitute key factors for understanding how they exploit cities. Here, we conducted a field survey in the city of Madrid (Spain) from winter 2021 to autumn 2022 understand common wood pigeon (

Language: Английский

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Urbanization drives biotic homogenization of the avian community in China

Integrative Zoology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract Urbanization‐driven biotic homogenization has been recorded in various ecosystems on local and global scales; however, it is largely unexplored developing countries. Empirical studies different taxa bioregions show conflicting results (i.e. vs. differentiation); the extent to which community composition changes response anthropogenic disturbances factors governing this process, therefore, require elucidation. Here, we used a compiled database of 760 bird species China quantify multiple‐site β‐diversity fitted distance decay pairwise β‐diversities between natural urban assemblages assess whether urbanization had driven homogenization. We generalized dissimilarity models (GDM) elucidate roles spatial environmental avian dissimilarities before after urbanization. The among were markedly lower than those assemblages, decays similarities more rapid. These consistent taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional aspects, supporting general by GDM indicated that geographical temperature dominant predictors dissimilarity. However, contribution climatic decreased explaining compositional assemblages. Geographical distances accounted for much variations implying potential risk uncertainty model predictions under further climate change disturbances. Our study concludes dimensions urbanization‐driven China.

Language: Английский

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BIRD COMMUNITIES ALONG URBANIZATION GRADIENTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AMONG THREE NEOTROPICAL CITIES

Ornitología Neotropical, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 77 - 87

Published: June 21, 2017

Abstract ∙ Urbanization is expanding continuously over rural and natural areas it imperative to analyze its effect on bird communities. Although the impact of urbanization communities in Neotropical region has been explored by several authors, there a scarcity comparative studies with standardized methodologies that allow establishing whether effects are similar different ecoregions. We analyzed three cities. Cities were located biomes: La Paz (Bolivia) surrounded highland plateau inter‐Andean valleys; Mar del Plata (Argentina) agroecosystems pampas; Osorno (Chile), agroecosystems, timber plantations, remnants temperate forests. In general, high levels correlated negatively richness cities, but response varied among being linearly negative declining only towards Plata. The was stronger Paz, where more species absent toward higher levels. Bird abundance did not show significant responses urbanization. Exotic showed positive relationship composition differed between cities House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) most abundant urbanized sites, Eared Dove (Zenaida auriculata) moderate urbanization, whereas Rufous‐collared (Zonotrichia capensis) less sites. results our study probably as result latitude structure areas.Resumen Comunidades de aves en gradientes urbanización: un análisis comparativo entre tres ciudades Neotropicales urbanización se está expandiendo continuamente áreas rurales y naturales, siendo imprescindible analizar su efecto sobre las comunidades aves. Aunque el impacto la Neotrópico ha sido estudiado por varios autores, existe una escasez estudios comparativos diferentes ecorregiones mediante uso metodologías estandarizadas. Por lo tanto, analizamos Neotropicales. Las estuvieron localizadas biomas: rodeada altiplano valles interandinos; agroecosistemas Pampas; agroecosistemas, plantaciones árboles remanentes bosques nativos. En altos niveles correlacionaron negativamente con riqueza ciudades. Sin embargo, respuesta varió ciudades, lineal Osorno, para disminuir solo partir El fue mayor donde más especies perdieron hacia los urbanización. otro lado, abundancia no correlacionó exóticas mostró relación positiva composición cambió urbanización; Gorrión común especie abundante urbanización, Torcaza sitios moderada, mientras que Chingolo bajos Los resultados nuestro estudio mostraron región probablemente como resultado latitud estructura rurales.

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Impervious surface and heterogeneity are opposite drivers to maintain bird richness in a Cerrado city

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 103643 - 103643

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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Urban moth communities suggest that life in the city favours thermophilic multi-dimensional generalists

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1928), P. 20193014 - 20193014

Published: June 10, 2020

Biodiversity is challenged worldwide by exploitation, global warming, changes in land use and increasing urbanization. It hypothesized that communities urban areas should consist primarily of generalist species with broad niches are able to cope novel, variable, fragmented, warmer unpredictable environments shaped human pressures. We surveyed moth three cities northern Europe compared them neighbouring assemblages constituting pools potential colonizers. found consisted multi-dimensional had larger distribution ranges, more variable colour patterns, longer reproductive seasons, broader diets, were likely overwinter as an egg, thermophilic, occupied habitat types surrounding areas. When body size was analysed separately, results indicated city occupancy associated size, but this effect disappeared when together the other traits. Our findings indicate urbanization imposes a spatial filtering process favour thermophilic characterized high intraspecific diversity lifestyles over specialized narrow niches.

Language: Английский

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